The role of the World Trade Organization in achieving the interests of developing countries "Egypt Case"

The principles of the World Trade Organization (WTO) included a set of exceptions to help developing countries to speed up the process of their economic development. Therefore, the research problem focused on the extent to which developing countries benefit from these exceptions, and by applying it to the Egyptian case. The researchers used the threshold regression model to measure this benefit based on the data of the World Bank. The research concluded that most of the exports of developing countries, including Egypt, are raw materials that Industrial countries seek to innovate alternatives for them and thus do not benefit the optimum benefit from the export subsidy exception, just as the developing countries opened up to the world and entered the competition market without being qualified enough to compete. Although the WTO allowed the protection of nascent and emerging national industries in a manner that does not contradict the foundations adopted in its 1994 WTO agreement, the developing countries did not achieve the maximum benefit because they did not have the conditions for competition in the global market, and some developing countries also accepted to sign the Government Procurement Agreement Because of the political pressures that achieve the interests of the developed countries that have interests. The research recommended the need to request re-negotiations to try to extend the transitional period to allow the advancement of emerging and nascent industries in developing countries, and the importance of accelerating the upgrading of the industries of developing countries in order to be eligible to enter the global competition, in addition to the need to maintain the value of commodity and service exports and the added value in manufacturing. And the net inflows of foreign direct investment in Egypt at levels lower than the threshold in order to promote economic growth in Egypt.