CAST - HORIZON 2020
Published February 1, 2021 | Version Corrected version online 2021-02-01
Journal article Open

Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before total mesorectal excision (TME) versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy, TME, and optional adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RAPIDO): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial

Creators

  • 1. Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
  • 2. Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  • 3. Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Principal investigators of the RAPIDO trial
  • 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands Principal investigators of the RAPIDO trial
  • 5. Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
  • 6. Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • 7. Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 8. Department of Imaging and Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 9. Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 10. Department of Medical Oncology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, Netherlands
  • 11. Department of Medical Oncology, Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • 12. Department of Medical Oncology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, Netherlands
  • 13. Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
  • 14. Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute Incliva, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  • 15. Department of Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Principal investigators of the RAPIDO trial
  • 16. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Principal investigators of the RAPIDO trial

Description

Systemic relapses remain a major problem in locally advanced rectal cancer. Using short-course radiotherapy
followed by chemotherapy and delayed surgery, the Rectal cancer And Preoperative Induction therapy followed by
Dedicated Operation (RAPIDO) trial aimed to reduce distant metastases without compromising locoregional control.

In this publication the primary endpoint 3-year disease-related treatment failure, (defined as the first occurrence of locoregional failure, distant metastasis, new primary colorectal tumour, or treatment-related death), is assessed in the intention-to-treat population.

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Journal article: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30555-6 (DOI)