Geospatial Assessment of Urban Development on Land Surface Temperature in Abuja, Nigeria

This dissertation investigates assessment development in urban on land surface temperature using geospatial technique with land use land cover and variation between 1986 and 2016. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of urbanization on land surface temperature using GIS and Remote Sensing technique. Satellite images used for this dissertation were Thematic Mapper ™ acquired on 1986, Enhance Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) acquired on 2001 and Operational Land Imager (OLI) acquired on 2016. All satellite data have 30-meter resolutions, Thematic Mapper and Enhance Thematic Mapper plus images have spectral range of 0.45 to 2.35 micro meters (µm) with 8 bands, while the Operational Land Imager extends to band 12. The images were used to produce land use/land cover map of Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) for effective analysis of land surface temperature for three epochs to know the feature contributes most to surface temperature and changes over time. Results of land use/land cover shown that there is significant increment of Built-up from 36.74 per square kilometer to 283.7 per square kilometer between 1986 and 2016, water body from 1.21 to 1.32 per square kilometer and bare surface from 571.5 to 607.5 per square kilometer. There is also sharp decrement in vegetation from 714.4 to 452.34 per square kilometer and rock outcrop from 132.52 to 111.48 between 1986 and 2016. There is little rise in surface temperature from 1986 to 2016. Temperature rise from 15 to 26 degree Celsius (0C), built up, contributed most to surface temperature.