Phyllomya volvulus

Phyllomya volvulus (Fabricius, 1794)

(Figs 42, 54, 72, 86, 100, 155–156)

Musca volvulus Fabricius, 1794: 328. Type (s) [sex unknown; lost or destroyed, except one wing, according to (Crosskey 1974: 276)]. Type locality: Italy.

Phyllomya volvulus: Bezzi & Stein 1907: 434 (Palearctic catalog).

[For other synonyms see Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 388)]

Diagnosis. Head dichoptic; 2 proclinate orbital setae; vertex wide, about 1/3 of head width; arista short plumose; palpus black; 1 presutural and 0 postsutural acrostichal setae; 3 katepisternal setae; costa haired above and below; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal setae in male, 3 in female; hind tibia with 3 preapical dorsal setae; male claws and pulvilli slightly shorter than 5th tarsomere; male 5th abdominal sternite with posterior lobe sharply pointed at postero-interior corner.

Description. Body length: 6.5–8.0 mm.

Male. Terminalia: Sixth tergite entire, weakly concave on anterior margin, with several setae on posterior portion; surstylus slender in lateral view, evenly narrowed to a pointed apex, with several hairs; cerci in dorsal view completely fused along basal 1/3 with suture obliterated, evenly narrowed to apex, in lateral view weakly constricted at basal 1/3; pregonite only slightly pointed at middle; postgonite not extending beyond apex of epiphallus; dorsal sclerite of distiphallus weakly produced dorsally near apex, apical membranous portion as long as dorsal sclerite. Female. Terminalia: Sixth tergite entire, weakly concave on anterior margin, with rows of strong setae on posterior portion; 6th sternite with a row of several setae on posterior margin; 7th tergite divided into long, ovate hemitergites, with a row of setae on posterior margin; 7th sternite with several hairs only on posterior margin; 8th hemitergite rather long on upper portion, broadly fused with hypoproct near middle, short and inclined anteriorly on lower portion; 8th sternite slightly longer than 6th.

Description of first instar larva. Body length ca. 1 mm; cephaloskeleton rather narrow on apical 1/2, dorsal margin very weakly pointed near middle in lateral view; 2nd thoracic segment with 4–5 anterodorsal rows of fine spinules; 2nd to 6th abdominal segments each with 4–5 posteroventral rows of short, fine spinules, without anterodorsal spinules, 7th segment with weak posterior rows of spinules.

Material examined. Germany: 1 ♂, Bayern; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Dachau, 3.vi.1918, 4.vii. 1913; China, Jilin: 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Mt. Changbaishan, 1900–2300 m, 9.viii.2004, H. Shima; 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀, Nanchangbaishan, 1400–1700 m, 11.viii.2004, H. Shima. [All KUM]

Distribution. Europe (northwards to Scotland and Lapland), Transcaucasia, Russia (S. Siberia, Khabarovsk, Amur), China (Jilin).

Remarks. Despite the apparent differences in general features, this species resembles P. takanoi in the male genital structure. It is possible that this species is widely distributed from Europe to Far East Asia, but not in Japan.