Coccoidea

KEY TO ADULT MALE COCCOIDEA KNOWN FROM GREENLAND *

(for an explanation of terms used, see the Figures)

1. Penial sheath at least 4x longer than wide; scutum with a large quadrangular membranous area medially; ocular sclerites and genae covered in polygonal reticulations; loculate pores entirely absent (apart from in glandular pouches); body with frequent fleshy setae, even on abdomen; hamulohalteres absent.................................................................................. COCCIDAE (Pulvinaria glacialis Gertsson & Hodgson) (Fig. 9)

­ Penial sheath never more than 2x longer than broad; scutum without a large quadrangular area medially; polygonal reticulations absent from genae and restricted to around each simple eye on ocular sclerites; loculate pores usually present, at least on head but also generally on abdomen; body without fleshy setae on abdomen; hamulohalteres present...........................................................................................................................2

2. Postoccipital ridge strong; scutum with two small membranous areas medially; scutellum with a well­developed scutellar ridge; claw digitules capitate and longer than claw; loculate pores absent apart from on head; apical antennal segment almost as wide as long; cranial apophysis well developed and trilobate; ostioles absent............................................................................................... ERIOCOCCIDAE (Figs 7 & 8).....8

­ Postoccipital ridge weak or absent; scutum without two small membranous areas medially; scutellum without a scutellar ridge; claw digitules setose and much shorter than claw; loculate pores often frequent and nearly always present in pleural region of

abdomen; apical antennal segment at least twice as long as broad; cranial apophysis poorly developed or absent; ostioles present........ PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (Figs 1–6)...3 3. Apterous; mesothorax mainly membranous; postoccipital ridge entirely absent ......................................................... Chorizococcus multiporus Gertsson & Hodgson (Fig. 2)

­ Macropterous; mesothorax heavily sclerotised; postoccipital ridge present................. 4

4. With two pairs of glandular pouches, one pair on abdominal segment VII and the other on segment VIII; fleshy setae on antennae setose and at least twice as long as width of flagellar antennal segments ................................ Peliococcus balteatus (Green) (Fig. 3)

­ With only one pair of glandular pouches, on abdominal segment VIII; fleshy setae on antennae thick, with a blunt apex, clearly different from hair­like setae and each about as long as width of flagellar antennal segments............................................................ 5

5. Several postmesospiracular setae present anterior to basisternum; fleshy setae clearly differentiated from hair­like setae on head; each gena with 4+ genal setae, some often fleshy; small convex pores on ventral epicranium of head.......................................... 6

­ Postmesospiracular setae very few or absent anterior to basisternum; fleshy setae not differentiated from hair­like setae on head; each gena with 3 or fewer genal setae, none fleshy; pores on head, when present, on dorsal epicranium.......................................... 7

6. Fleshy setae on head quite short; 3rd, 4th and 5th antennal segments all equal to or shorter than 2nd segment; postmesospiracular disc­pores and setae few immediately anterior to basisternum; fleshy setae of antennae short (17–20µm on subapical segment), about width of antennal segments....................................................................... ........................................................... Trionymus bocheri Gertsson & Hodgson (Fig. 4)

­ Fleshy setae on head almost as long as hair­like setae; 3rd antennal segment longer than 2nd segment and 3rd and 4th segments subequal in length; postmesospiracular disc­pores few or absent but setae quite abundant immediately anterior to basisternum; fleshy setae of antennae long (30µm on subapical segment), longer than width of antennal segments ............................. Trionymus elymus Gertsson & Hodgson (Fig. 5)

7. With 0 or 1 loculate pore on dorsal surface of head; pleural region of each abdominal segment with 0 or 1 loculate pore; abdominal segment VIII with a pair of transverse sclerotisations mediolaterally on sternite; loculate pores absent from dorsal and ventral surfaces of abdomen; with several metatergal setae .................................................................................................... Atrococcus groenlandensis Gertsson & Hodgson (Fig. 1)

­ With several loculate pores on dorsal surface of head; pleural region of each abdominal segment with 2–5+ loculate pores; abdominal segment VIII without a pair of transverse sclerotisations mediolaterally on sternite; loculate pores present on dorsal and ventral surfaces of abdomen; with only 1 pair of metatergal setae................................. ................................................................................. Trionymus thulensis Green (Fig. 6)

8. Length of fleshy setae on antennae equal to or less than width of flagellar segments of antennae; fleshy setae with a blunt apex; all pores on head quite small ................................................................................................. Eriococcus pseudinsignis Green (Fig. 8)

­ Length of fleshy setae on antennae clearly greater than width of flagellar segments of antennae; fleshy setae with sharply rounded apices; some pores on head quite large ........................................................................... Eriococcus munroi (Boratynski) (Fig. 7)