Published January 5, 2016 | Version v1
Journal article Open

A Review on Organic Materials for Optical Phase Conjugation & All-optical Switches

Creators

  • 1. Srinivas Group of Colleges, Srinivas University, Mangalore - 575 001, INDIA

Description

Nonlinear optical materials with optimum properties are essential in continuous development of photonic and electro-optical devices, used in optical communications, networking, optical computation for signal processing, and data storage equipments. The changing trend is to use organic materials/dyes that exhibit exceptional nonlinear optical properties instead of conventional materials which have comparatively low nonlinear properties. These organic materials/dyes are easy to prepare in solution or solid form. The resulting organic material
has a low dielectric constant, eliminating the need for poling while maintaining the refractive
index. However, these organic materials have few of the drawbacks inherent in the
processing of comparable inorganic materials like of intense light induced degradation or
bleaching and aggregation at higher dye concentration. In order to overcome these drawbacks and for effective use of highly nonlinear dyes, the dye molecules are doped in polymer matrix. This idea of dye-doped polymer material matrix may increase the concentration of absorptive or fluorescence centers as well as the opto-chemical and opto-physical stability. In this paper, we have discussed the strategic advantages of dye-doped polymer nonlinear materials in comparison with organic and inorganic nonlinear materials for optical phase
conjugation and all optical switches in future photonics technology. This was done by studying the linear optical properties and nonlinear optical Phase Conjugation properties of two azo dye-doped polymer films by considering organic dyes disperse orange (DO-25) and disperse yellow (DY-7) doped in a polymer matrix Polymethyl methacrylate methacrylic acid (PMMA-MA). The nonlinear optical phase conjugation properties are studied using Degenerate Four Wave Mixing set-up using 532 nm wavelength CW laser beam. The effect of dye concentration, intensity of backward, forward pump, and inter beam angle between probe and forward pump beam on phase conjugation reflectivity are also studied and compared.

Files

48._A_Review_on_Organic_Materials_for_Optical_Phase.pdf

Files (512.4 kB)

Additional details

References

  • [1] Albota M., Beljonne D., Perry J. W., Subramanium G., and Xu C., 1998, Science, 281, pp 1653.
  • [2] Bindhu C. V., Harilal S. S., Nampoori V. P. N., and Vallabhan C. P. G., 1999, Studies of nonlinear absorption and aggregation in aqueous solutions of Rhodamine 6G using a transient thermal lens technique, J. Phys. D, 32, pp 407–411.
  • [3] Fisher R. A., 1983, Optical Phase Conjugation, (Academic Press, New York, NY, USA), pp 1-30.
  • [4] Geethakrishnan T. and Palanisamy P. K., 2006, Degenerate four wave mixing experiments in Methyl green dye-doped gelatin film, Optik 117 (6), pp 282-286.
  • [5] Giuliano C. R. and Hess L. D., 1967, Nonlninear Absorption of Light: Optical Saturation of Electronic Transitions in Organic Molecules with High Intensity Laser Radiation, IEEE J. Quant. Electron. QE-3, pp 338-367.
  • [6] He G. S., Lx Y., Chi Y. P., Li M., and Prasad P. N., 1997, Studies of two-photon pumped frequency up-converted lasing properties of a new dye material, J. Appl. Phys., 81, pp 2529- 2537.
  • [7] Hutchings D. C. and Van Stryland E. W. 1992, Nondegenerate two-photon absorption in zinc blende semiconductors," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, B9, pp 2065-2074.
  • [8] Miniewicz A., Bartkiewicz S., and Parka J., 1997, Optical phase conjugation in dyedoped liquid crystal, Opt. Commun. 149, pp 89–95.
  • [9] Mukherjee N., Mukherjee A., and Reinhardt B. A., 1997, Measurement of two-photon absorption cross sections of dye molecules doped in thin films of polymethylmethacrylate, Appl .Phys. Lett., 70, pp 1524-1526.
  • [10] Olga P. V., Lim J. H., Hagan D. J. and Van Strayland E. W., 1998, Nonlinear light absorption of polymethine dyes in liquid and solid media, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 15, pp 802- 809.
  • [11] Perry J. W., 1997, in Nonlinear Optics of Organic Molecules and Polymers, eds. H. S. Nalwa and S. Miyata, ( CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.), Chap. 13, pp 813-840.
  • [12] Reinhardt B. A., Brott L. L., Clarson S. J., Kannan R., and Dillard A. G., 1997, In Mater. Res. Soc. Sympo. Proc. 479, MRS, pp 3-8.
  • [13] Shen Y. R., 1975, The Principles of Nonlinear Optics, Wiley, New York, pp 450.
  • [14] Shubrajyotsna Aithal, Aithal P. S. and Bhat N. G, 2011, Study of nonlinear absorption in a dye doped polymer film due to frequency up-converted fluorescence,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Laser, Material Science and Communication, India, ed. U. Chatterjee and P.K. Chakrabarti, ISBN : 978-93-80813-14-1 pp 107-109.
  • [15] Shubrajyotsna Aithal, Sreeramana Aithal and Gopalkrishna Bhat, 2012, Phase Conjugation in Two Photon Absorbing Dye films by Degenerate Four-wave Mixing, 3rd International Conference on Photonics 2012, Penang, Malaysia. Published in IEEEXplore ISBN: 978-1-4673-1463-3, pp - 235-239.
  • [16] Shubrajyotsna Aithal, P. S. Aithal, and Gopalkrishna Bhat, 2012, Study of Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing in Disperse Orange Dye-doped Polymer Film, Advanced Materials Research Journal, Trans Tech Publications (TTP), Switzerland, 584 pp 526-530.
  • [17] Shubrajyotsna Aithal, Aithal P.S., and Gopalkrishna Bhat, 2013, Degenerate four-wave mixing in DASPB dye-doped polymer film, published in Part IV Quantum Optics, Chapter 12, Advances in Laser Physics and Technology, Edited by Man Mohan, Anil Kumar Maini, Aranya A. Bhattacherjee and Anil K. Razdan under the imprint of Foundation Books, Cambridge University Press India Pvt Ltd. pp 179 - 195, ISBN: 978-93-844634-1-0.
  • [18] Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, Sreeramana Aithal and Gopala Krishna Bhat, 2013, Study of Optical Limiting and Optical Phase Conjugation in DASPB dye-doped polymer films, GSTF Journal of Physics and Applications (JPA) 1 (1), pp. 34-39.
  • [19] Shubhrajyotsna Aithal, Aithal P. S., and Bhat G. K., 2015, Comparative Study on Azo dye-doped Polymer Films for Optical Phase Conjugation, International Journal of Science and Research, 4 (4), pp 436 – 441.
  • [20] Swalen J. D. and Kajzar F., 2001, Nonlinear absorption in optical limiting, Nonlinear Optics, 27, pp 13-32.
  • [21] Tanaka H., Horikoshi A., Fujiwara H., and Nakagawa K., 2002, Phase conjugation in saturable absorbing dye films by degenerate four-wave mixing and holographic processes, Optical Review 9 (3) pp 106-111.
  • [22] Van Stryland E. and Chase L.L., 1994, Two-Photon Absorption: inorganic materials", in Handbook of Laser Science and Technology; supplement 2: Optical Materials, section 8, pp 299-326, Ed. M. Weber, CRC Press.
  • [23] Wei T. H., Hagan D. J., Van Stryland E. W., Perry J. W., and Coulter D. R., 1992, Direct Measurements of Nonlinear Absorption and Refraction in Solutions of Pthalocyanines, Appl. Phys. B54, pp 46.
  • [24] Yariv A., 1978, Phase conjugate optics and real-time holography, IEEE J Quantum Electron. QE-14, (9) pp 650 – 660.