Henricia leviuscula subsp. leviuscula Stimpson 1857
Creators
Description
Henricia leviuscula leviuscula (Stimpson, 1857)
Figures 7 A–G, 12A–B
Linckia leviuscula Stimpson, 1857: 529.
Cribrella laeviuscula Whiteaves, 1878: 466.— Clark, 1901: 327.
Cribrella laeviuscula crassa Clark, 1901: 327.
Cribrella laeviuscula attenuata Clark, 1901: 328.
Henricia leviuscula Fisher, 1910: 570; 1911: 280, pl. 69, figs 1,2, pl. 70, figs 1,2, pl. 71, figs 2,3, pl. 111, fig. 6; 1930, 195.— Verrill, 1914: 215, pl. 12, figs 5, 6, pl. 13, figs 1, 2.— Uchida, 1928: 791, Text-fig. 2.— Hayashi, 1940: 128, pl. 8, figs 14, 15.— Chang, 1948: 40, pl. 4, figs 1, 2, pl. 5, figs 1, 2.— Chang, & Woo, 1954: 124.— Djakonov, 1950: 95, pl.28, 79, 80, 83, 84; 1961: 23.— Chang et al., 1964: 65.— Lambert, 1981: 100.— Maluf, 1988: 43,124.— Xu, 1994: 637.— Liao & Sun, 1996: 466, fig. 18–15.— Shin & Rho, 1996: 333, pl. 21, figs a–h.— Liao, 2008: 852.
Material examined. Bohai Sea. Two (R 45– 41 mm, r 9.4 mm, R: r 4.8–4.4; R 54– 50 mm, r 11 mm, R: r 4.9–4.5), Dry specimens, Qimu Island, NW Longkou, 16 Jun 1956.
Ye l lo w S e a. One (R 27– 24 mm, r 5.8 mm, R: r 4.7–4.1), MBM175707, CN 53-13, Xiaoping Island, SW Dalian, coll. WU, 22 Nov 1953; One (R 30– 27 mm, r 6.7 mm, R: r 4.5–4.0), MBM175708, CN 56-447, Xiaoping Island, SW Dalian, 15 Oct 1956; One (R 37– 33 mm, r 7.0 mm, R: r 5.3–4.7), Dry specimen, Xiaoping Island, SW Dalian, 1956; One (R 22– 18 mm, r 4.8 mm, R: r 4.6–3.8), MBM175694, CN 4176, Lidao Island, E Rongcheng, coll. MA, 18 Jul 1951; One (R 48– 44 mm, r 9.8 mm, R: r 4.9–4.5), Dry specimen, CN Y411B-17, Stn. 3043, 35°30ʹN, 120°00ʹE, 29 Oct 1959; One (R 32– 31 mm, r 6.7 mm, R: r 4.8– 4.6), Dry specimen, CN 56-260, Lidao Island, E Rongcheng, 6 Jul 1956; One (R 31– 30 mm, r 6.7 mm, R: r 4.6–4.5), Dry specimen, Lidao Island, E Rongcheng, 23 Jun 1956; One (R 38– 35 mm, r 7.2 mm, R: r 5.3–4.9), Dry specimen, Lidao Island, E Rongcheng, 15 Apr 1957; One (R 24– 22 mm, r 5.5 mm, R: r 4.4–4), Dry specimen, CN 56-250, Lidao Island, E Rongcheng, 24 Jun 1956; One (R 28– 24 mm, r 6.2 mm, R: r 4.2–3.9), Dry specimen, CN 1956-434, Haiyang Island, E Dalian, 27 Sep 1956; One (R 26– 21 mm, r 5.8 mm, R: r 4.5–3.6), Dry specimen, Yantai, 1936; One (R 42– 37 mm, r 8.3 mm, R: r 5.1–4.5), Dry specimen, Dongchu Island, Rongcheng, 17 May 1954; One (R 37– 35 mm, r 7.3 mm, R: r 5.1– 4.8), Dry specimen, Chengshantou, E Rongcheng, Jul 1935; One (R 31– 28 mm, r 6.6 mm, R: r 4.7–4.2), Dry specimen, Jiaozhou Bay, 15 May 1936; One (R 35– 28 mm, r 8.1 mm, R: r 4.3–3.5), Dry specimen, CN K259, Dalian, 25 Oct 1958; Two (R 48– 43 mm, r 9.0 mm, R: r 5.3–4.8; R 23– 22 mm, r 5.6 mm, R: r 4.1–3.9), Dry specimens, CN 56-247, Lidao Island, E Rongcheng, 21 Jun 1956; One (R 59– 57 mm, r 10.6 mm, R: r 5.6–5.4), Dry specimen, CN 0 109, Qingdao, 31 Mar 1937; One (R 95– 90 mm, r 18.3 mm, R: r 5.2–4.9), Dry specimen, Lianyungang, 10 Oct 1955.
Distribution. Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, Japan Sea, Korea Strait, and Aleutian Island to southern California, 0– 400 m.
Remarks. This species is distinguished by the numerous short, almost granuliform spinelets, the three regular series of marginal and ventrolateral plates and intermarginal areas (Fig. 7 G) confined to small triangular spaces at arm base. Spinelet tips (Fig. 12 A) are pointed rather than blunt, as indicated in Hayashi’s (1940) description of the species. In our specimens the morphology of most spinelets corresponds well with his description. We observed the character of spinelets in two large dry specimens that are the last ones in material examined is peculiar. Spinelet tips (Fig. 12 B) were globular and hyaline and under magnification, they appeared pearly and bead like. Fisher (1911c) noticed the quite distinct variation and mentioned that this variation in spinelet morphology may be due to either greater age of the organism or the action of waves. We further examined these two specimens and found that on the ventral surface the tips of spinelets were sharper and less globular. In other words, the tips of spinelets have a tendency to be globular from ventral surface to dorsal surface. They agree with Fisher’s descriptions.
Notes
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Additional details
Identifiers
Related works
- Cites
- Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.279357 (DOI)
- Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.279362 (DOI)
- Is part of
- Journal article: 10.5281/zenodo.279350 (DOI)
- Journal article: http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFB1FFC9FFBCFFFD395EFFC0982EC324 (URL)
- Is source of
- https://sibils.text-analytics.ch/search/collections/plazi/038887B1FFB4FFF739C9FCA89D38C21B (URL)
Biodiversity
- Family
- Echinasteridae
- Genus
- Henricia
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Spinulosida
- Phylum
- Echinodermata
- Scientific name authorship
- Stimpson
- Species
- leviuscula
- Taxon rank
- subSpecies
- Taxonomic concept label
- Henricia leviuscula subsp. leviuscula Stimpson, 1857 sec. Xiao, Liao & Liu, 2011
References
- Stimpson, W. (1857) On the Crustacea and Echinodermata of the Pacific shores of North America. Boston Journal of Natural History, 6, 444 - 532.
- Whiteaves, J. F. (1878) On Some Marine Invertebrata from the West Coast of North America. Canadian Naturalist, 8, 466 - 467.
- Clark, H. L. (1901) Echinoderms from Puget Sound: Observations made on the Echinoderms collected by the parties from Columbia University, in Puget Sound in 1896 and 1897. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 29, 323 - 329.
- Fisher, W. K. (1910) New starfishes from the North Pacific. 2. Spinulosa. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 35, 568 - 574.
- Verrill, A. E. (1914) Monograph of the Shallow-water Starfishes of the North Pacific Coast from the Arctic Ocean to California. Harriman Alaska Series, 14, 1 - 408.
- Uchida, T. (1928) Report of the Biological Survey of Mutsu Bay.. Starfishes of Mutsu Bay. The science reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. Series 4, 3, 785 - 803.
- Hayashi, R. (1940) Contributions to the classification of the sea-stars of Japan: I. Spinulosa. Journal of the Faculty of Science Hokkaido Imperial University Series VI. Zoology, 7 (3), 107 - 204.
- Chang, F. Y. (1948) Echinoderms of Tsingtao. Contributions from Institute of Zoology National Academy of Peiping, 4, 1 - 104.
- Chang, F. Y. & Woo, P. L. (1954) On the Echinoderms of Dairen and its Vicinity. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 6 (2), 123 - 145.
- Djakonov, A. M. (1950) Starfish of the Soviet Union. Keys to the Fauna of the USSR, of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 34, 1 - 203.
- Chang, F. Y. et al. (1964) Illustrated fauna of China: Echinodermata. Science Press, Beijing, 142 pp.
- Lambert, P. (1981) The sea stars of British Columbia. British Columbia Provincial Museum, Victoria, British Columbia, 153 pp.
- Maluf, L. Y. (1988) Composition and distribution of the central Eastern Pacific echinoderms. Technical Reports Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 2, 1 - 241.
- Xu, H. Z. (1994) Echinodermata. In: Huang, Z. G. (Ed.), Marine species and their distributions in China's seas. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp. 630 - 648.
- Liao, Y. L. & Sun, S. (1996) Echinodermata. In: Yang, D. J. et al. (Eds.), The Invertebrates of the North China Sea. Higher Education Press, Beijing, pp. 454 - 489.
- Shin, S. & Rho, B. J. (1996) Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna & Flora of Korea. Vol. 36. Echinodermata. Ministry of Education of Korea, Seoul, 1 - 780 pp.
- Liao, Y. L. (2008) Echinodermata. In: Liu, J. Y. (Ed.), Checklist of marine biota of China seas. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 845 - 876.
- Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 76 (1), 1 - 419.