Poecile cincta subsp. alascensis Prazak
Creators
Description
Poecile cincta alascensis Pražák
Poecile cincta alascensis Pražák, 1895b: 92.
NOW. Parus cintus lathami Stephens, 1817. See Stresemann (1949: 252), AOU Committee (1952: 311), Dickinson (2003: 528).
Lectotype (designated by Hellmayr 1934: 77, footnote): specimen collected by Lucien M. Turner (1848–1909) in February 1876 (Turner 1886: 182) at “St. Michael’s, Norton Sound, Alaska” [= St. Michael, Alaska, USA; 63.48°N, 162.04°W] and figured by Turner (1886, pl. 10). This specimen was not mentioned among specimens USNM received from Turner (Ridgway 1878: 37).
Paralectotype. NHMW 65141 (formerly NHMW 1839.XIV.23), unsexed, collected by an unknown person [= Friedrich Heinrich von Kittlitz (1799–1874) – see Brandt 1891: 255] on an unknown date [= 24 June–31 July 1827 – see Kittlitz 1836: 266] on “Sitcha” [= Sitka, Baranof Island, Alaska, USA; 57.05°N, 135.32°W]. The NHMW received this specimen from the ZIN in 1839. This specimen was originally identified as Parus Sibiricus ? var. (ZIN label), being later re-identified as Parus rufescens Towns., and still later as Parus rufescens rufescens Towns. (NHMW label data).
Remarks. Pražák (1895b: 92) described this form as a “ var. nova ”, stating on p. 93 that “Ich wage es mit diesem geringen Materiale nicht, eine neue Subspecies aufzustellen, glaube aber, dass die von Ochotsk und Kamtschatka angeführten P. rufescens eigentlich die hier erwähnten Vögel sein dürften”. (“I hesitate to create a new subspecies on the basis of such a meager material, but I believe that specimens from Ohotsk and Kamchatka listed as P. rufescens may represent the form mentioned here.”) Herewith Pražák explicitly stated that he created alascensis as an infrasubspecific name, which has no standing in zoological nomenclature (Art. 10.2 of the Code; see also Dickinson et al. 2006: 73, footnote). However, Grinnell (1900: 59) used Pražák’s infrasubspecific name for a tit subspecies, being followed e.g. by Ridgway (1904: 411), AOU Committee (1910: 351) and Hellmayr (1911: 37, 1934: 77). Due to Grinnell’s (1900) action, and following the provisions of Art. 45.6.4.1 of the Code, alascensis is available from Pražák (1895b).
Hellmayr (1934: 77, footnote) believed that Pražák “probably never examined a specimen himself” and that he based his account solely on the figure in Turner (1886, pl. 10). Pražák (1895b: 92) indeed referred to a figure in Turner’s Contributions [= Turner 1886, pl. 10], but also presented measurements of a specimen from “Alaska” and a specimen from “Ochotsk”, adding (p. 93) that also a bird or birds from “Kamtschatka” listed as P. rufescens belong in his alascensis. I was not able to find any specimens or references mentioning Parus cinctus and/or Parus rufescens from Kamchatka (see also Hellmayr 1934: 77, footnote), but in reporting that P. c. alascensis occurs at Ohotsk Pražák (1895b: 92–93) may have been inspired by Lundahl (1848: 5–6), who described Parus ferrugineus on the basis of some 30 specimens collected by Reinhold Ferdinand Sahlberg (1811–1874) at Ohotsk and Sitka in 1839–41 (see Renvall 1869: 175–176). Their current deposition is unknown. Pražák (1895b: 88–89) cited Lundahl's (1848) paper in connection with Parus lapponicus Lundahl, 1848, but omitted (intentionally?) any reference to Lundahl (1848) when he described his Poecile cincta alascensis (Pražák 1895b: 92–93). The absence of a reference prevents Lundahl’s specimens from being parts of the type series upon which Pražák (1895b) based his P. c. alascensis. Nevertheless, the NHMW possessed a specimen of Parus rufescens from Alaska at the time when Pražák studied its tit collections (NHMW 65141) and it is likely that he examined it. Pražák’s Poecile cincta alascensis was thus based on two syntypes listed above. Hellmayr’s (1934: 77, footnote) opinion that Pražák (1895b) based P. c. alascensis solely on the figure in Turner (1886) has the power of designating the bird figured by Turner (1886) as the lectotype (Art. 74.6 of the Code). Herewith, the specimen NHMW 65141 became a paralectotype.
Hellmayr’s (1934: 77, footnote) lectotypification of the Turner bird solved the taxonomic identity of P. c. alascensis and automatically restricted its type locality to “St. Michael, Norton Sound, Alaska” (Art. 76.2 of the Code).
Kittlitz (1836: 268, 1858: 200) named the chickadee of Sitka Parus sitchensis, but this is a nomen nudum in both cases (no description or indication). Accordingly, the specimen NHMW 65141, although collected by Kittlitz, has no name-bearing function with respect to Kittlitz’s sitkensis.
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Related works
- Is part of
- Journal article: 10.5281/zenodo.202788 (DOI)
- Journal article: http://publication.plazi.org/id/8C624B4333691B4EFFAFA53BFFC2FFC6 (URL)
- Is source of
- https://sibils.text-analytics.ch/search/collections/plazi/705B333B33671B40FF38A5ACFCA4F8AF (URL)
Biodiversity
- Family
- Paridae
- Genus
- Poecile
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Scientific name authorship
- Prazak
- Species
- alascensis
- Taxon rank
- subSpecies
References
- Prazak, J. P. (1895 b) Versuch einer Monographie der palaarktischen Sumpfmeisen (Poecile Kaup). Ornithologisches Jahrbuch, 6, 8 - 59, 65 - 99.
- Stresemann, E. (1949) Birds collected in the North Pacific area during Capt. James Cook's last voyage (1778 and 1779). Ibis, 91, 244 - 255.
- Dickinson, E. C. (2003) The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 3 rd rev. ed. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp.
- Hellmayr, C. E. (1934) Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands. Part VII. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 13, i - vi, 1 - 531.
- Turner, L. M. (1886) Contributions to the Natural History of Alaska. [US] Senate, Washington, DC, 225 pp.
- Ridgway, R. (1878) Three additions to the avifauna of North America. Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, 3, 37 - 38.
- Brandt, J. F. von (1891) Ueber die Vogelfauna der Aleuten, Kurilen und der russisch-amerikanischen Colonien. Journal fur Ornithologie, 39, 235 - 271. [From bequested notes edited by H. Schalow.]
- Dickinson, E. C., Loskot, V. M., Morioka, H., Somadikarta, S. & van den Elzen, R. (2006) Systematic notes on Asian birds. 50. Types of the Aegithalidae, Remizidae and Paridae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 80 - 5, 60 - 111.
- Grinnell, J. (1900) Birds of the Kotzebue Sound region. Pacific Coast Avifauna, 1, 1 - 80.
- Ridgway, R. (1904) The birds of North and Middle America. Part 3. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 50 (3): iii - xx, 1 - 801.
- Hellmayr, C. E. (1911) Fam. Paridae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed), Genera avium. Part 16. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Brussels.
- Lundahl, C. (1848) Anmarkningar om tvenne med Parus sibiricus Gmel. forvexlade mes-arter [Remarks on two tit species confused with Parus sibiricus Gmel.]. Notiser ur Sallskapets pro Fauna et Flora Fennica Forhandlingar, 1, 1 - 6. [In Swedish.]
- Renvall, R. A. (1869) Biografiska anteckningar ofver det Finska Universitetets larare, embets- och tjansteman, fran det flyttning till Helsigfors ar 1828 till nuvarande tid [Biographical notes on the teachers, directors and employees of the Finish University from its moving to Helsinki till the present time]. Finska Litteratursalskapets Tryckeri, Helsigfors [= Helsinki], xxiv + 248 pp. [In Swedish.]