Holcobunus Roewer 1910

Holcobunus Roewer, 1910

Holcobunus Roewer, 1910: 162; 1923: 1069; Mello-Leitão, 1932a: 22; 1938: 333; Ringuelet, 1954: 291; Roewer, 1953: 243; Crawford, 1992: 24; Cokendolpher & Lee, 1993: 8; Tourinho & Kury, 2001: 6. (type species Holcobunus nigripalpis Roewer, 1910, by original designation).

Sympathica Mello-Leitão, 1933: 101, Ringuelet, 1953: 39; Roewer, 1953: 254; Ringuelet, 1954: 301; Crawford, 1992: 44. (type species Sympathica bisignata Mello-Leitão, by original designation).

Tamboicus (part) Roewer, 1912: 157; 1923: 1073; Mello-Leitão, 1938: 333; Roewer, 1953: 253; Ringuelet, 1954: 304; Crawford, 1992: 44.

Paratamboicus Mello-Leitão, 1940: 97, Roewer, 1953: 255 Ringuelet, 1954: 297; Crawford, 1992: 37. (type species Paratamboicus bicornutus by original designation).

Emended diagnosis. Pedipalpal femur, patella and proximal half of tibia black. Eye mound dorsally armed with granules or spines with points either sharp or blunt, located on its anterior half or arranged in two parallel rows. Lateral margins of supracheliceral lamina crenulate. Dorsal scute in male trapezoidal with posterior margin convex, in female markedly pyriform. Pedipalpal tibia sinuous at base. Femoral pseudoarticular formula: 2/4-6/2-3/2-4. Winglets of penis uniformly narrow (longer than wide) along its length, borders undulated; anterior part in ventral view folding ventrally to form collar. Shaft strongly sinuous dorsoventrally, slightly bent without forming definite angle at glans. Glans globose, surface with simple pores and two or three pairs of asymmetric apical setae, stylus 40–70% of glans length. Species Holcobunus are frequently misidentified as species of Jussara and Abaetetuba. This was largely discussed by Tourinho (2004), and a table and illustrations comparing characters in each genus distributed in the Atlantic Forest were provided in an attempt to avoid future misidentification (Tourinho, 2004: table 1)

Distribution. South America: Brazil, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo.

Included species. H. bicornutus (Mello-Leitão, 1940), H. nigripalpis Roewer, 1910, H. dissimilis sp. nov., H. ibitirama sp. nov., H. uaisoh sp. nov.

Remark: Males of the four species of Holcobunus have very similar external morphology, although they can be separated by examining their color pattern. There are three yellow species included in Holcobunus. However only H. ibitirama sp. nov. is completely yellow without stains or stripes of other colors, while H. nigripalpis have anterior border of carapace with black spots. The median posterior region of the dorsal scute and anterior border of the coxae are covered by a faint black spot. Anterior median portion of scute and middle of second prosomatic tergite (metapeltidium) and carapace behind eye mound with longitudinal short stripe of same color. Holcobunus dissimilis sp.nov has a larger and longer black stripe extending from the anterior to the posterior dorsal scute. Females of H. nigripalpis have one lateral spot on each side of the posterior dorsal scute, while the female of H. dissimilis sp. nov. having a brown dorsal background with a white arch surrounding the anterior prosoma and several white spots and stripes distributed on the dorsal scute.