Nucula sulcata Bronn 1831
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Description
Nucula sulcata Bronn, 1831
Fig. 2a–b
Nucula sulcata Bronn, 1831 (p. 109, n. 633).
Nucula sulcata Bronn—Jeffreys 1879 (p. 583); Hidalgo 1917 (p. 501); Tebble 1966 (p. 25, pl. 1, fig. c; text-fig. 14d); Di Geronimo & Panetta 1973 (p. 93).
Nucula (Nucula) sulcata Bronn, 1831 — Robba 1968 (p. 480, pl. 37, fig. 1).
Nucula sulcata (Bronn, 1831) — Nordsieck 1969 (p. 4, pl. 1, fig. 00.12).
Nucula sulcata Bronn, 1831 — Barash & Danin 1992 (p. 230, fig. 236); Cossignani et al. 1992 (fig. 255); Poppe & Goto 1993 (p. 37, pl. 1, fig. 17); Salas 1996 (p. 35, figs. 1–3); Giannuzzi-Savelli et al. 2001 (p. 46, figs. 18–24); Repetto et al. 2005 (p. 282, top left fig.); La Perna 2007 (p. 114, pl. 5, figs. 6–7; pl. 6, figs. 1–9); Oliver et al. 2016 (online resource).
Diagnostic characters. Ovate triangular shell; crenulated inner ventral margin; wavy commarginal cordlets crossed by weak radial striae. Prodissoconch: not available.
Remarks. A single, heavily worn specimen is at hand, apparently reworked from Pleistocene deposits. The species is based on an Eocene fossil (Malatesta 1974); conspecificity of the living N. sulcata with the fossil type is currently under debate. According to La Perna (2007), N. sulcata may be a complex of species rather than a single taxon.
Occurrence. Box-corer sample BC06 (1 specimen). Length: 9 mm.
Distribution and habitat. Nucula sulcata is widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean, from Norway to West Africa (Senegal, Guinea and Angola), and in the Mediterranean Sea. It is regarded as an infralittoral to bathyal species, dwelling in mud, clay or very muddy sand and gravel (Tebble 1966; Poppe & Goto 1993; La Perna 2003; Ceregato et al. 2007; Oliver et al. 2016). It has been found living in the bathyal of Taranto, characterizing the Abra- Nucula biocoenosis (Di Geronimo & Panetta 1973).
Fossil record. Middle to Upper Miocene of Portugal, Italy, Austria and Poland; Pliocene and Pleistocene of Italy; Pleistocene of Denmark; Holocene of Denmark and the North Sea (Monterosato 1872; Seguenza 1877; Robba 1968; Malatesta 1974; Di Geronimo & Bellagamba 1985; Di Geronimo & La Perna 1997; Monegatti & Raffi 2001; La Perna 2003, 2007; Petersen 2004; Di Geronimo et al. 2005).
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References
- Bronn, H. G. (1831) Italiens Tertiar-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlusse. Karl Groos, Heidelberg, XII + 176 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59236
- Hidalgo, J. G. (1917) Fauna Malacologica de Espana, Portugal y las Baleares. Trabajos del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Zoologia, 30, 1 - 752.
- Tebble, N. (1966) British bivalve seashells. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, Edinburgh, 213 pp.
- Di Geronimo, I. & Panetta, P. (1973) La Malacofauna Batiale del Golfo di Taranto. Conchiglie, 9 (5 - 6), 69 - 121.
- Robba, E. (1968) Molluschi del Tortoniano-tipo (Piemonte). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia, 74 (2), 457 - 646.
- Nordsieck, F. (1969) Die europaischen Meeresmuscheln (Bivalvia) vom Eismeer bis Kapverden, Mittelmeer und Schwarzes Meer. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, XIII + 256 pp.
- Barash, A. & Danin, Z. (1992) Annotated list of mediterranean molluscs of Israel and Sinai. In: Fauna Palaestina, Mollusca I. Keterpress Enterprises, Jerusalem, pp. 1 - 405.
- Cossignani, T., Cossignani, V., Di Nisio, A. & Passamonti, M. (1992) Atlante delle conchiglie del medio Adriatico. L'Informatore Piceno Editore, Ancona, 120 pp.
- Poppe, G. T. & Goto, Y. (1993) European Seashells. Volume II. (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda). Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden, 221 pp.
- Salas, C. (1996) Marine Bivalves from off the southern Iberian Peninsula collected by the Balgim and Fauna 1 expeditions. Haliotis, 25, 33 - 100.
- Giannuzzi-Savelli, R., Pusateri, F., Palmeri, A., Ebreo, C. †, Coppini, M., Margelli, A., Bogi, C. (2001) Atlante delle conchiglie marine del Mediterraneo. Vol. 7 (Bivalvia: Protobranchia-Pteriomorphia). Evolver, Roma, 246 pp.
- Repetto, G., Orlando, F. & Arduino, G. (2005) Conchiglie del Mediterraneo: 1770 specie illustrate con distribuzione e frequenza. Amici del Museo " Federico Eusebio ", Alba, 392 pp.
- La Perna, R. (2007) Revision of the Nuculidae (Bivalvia: Protobranchia) from the Cerulli Irelli collection (Mediterranean, Pleistocene). Palaeontographia Italica, 91, 109 - 140.
- Oliver, P. G., Holmes, A. M., Killeen, I. J. & Turner, J. A. (2016) Marine Bivalve Shells of the British Isles (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum Wales. Available from: http: // naturalhistory. museumwales. ac. uk / britishbivalves. (Accessed 25 August 2016)
- Malatesta, A. (1974) Malacofauna pliocenica umbra. Memorie per servire alla descrizione della carta geologica d'Italia, 13, 1 - 498.
- La Perna, R. (2003) The Quaternary deep-sea protobranch fauna from the Mediterranean: composition, depth-related distribution and changes. Bollettino Malacologico, 39 (1 - 4), 17 - 34.
- Ceregato, A., Raffi, S. & Scarponi, D. (2007) The circalittoral / bathyal paleocommunities in the Middle Pliocene of Northern Italy: The case of the Korobkovia oblonga - Jupiteria concava paleocommunity type. Geobios, 40, 555 - 572. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2006.08.004
- Monterosato, T. A. di (1872) Notizie intorno alle conchiglie fossili di Monte Pellegrino e Ficarazzi. Ufficio Tipografico Michele Amenta, Palermo, 44 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50743
- Seguenza, L. (1877) Nuculidi terziarie rinvenute nelle provincie meridionali d'Italia. Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Memorie della Classe di Scienze Fisiche, series. 3, 1, 1163 - 1201. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12578
- Di Geronimo, I. & Bellagamba, M. (1985) Malacofaune dei dragaggi BS 77 - 1 e BS 77 - 2 (Sardegna nord orientale). Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 24 (2 - 3), 111 - 129.
- Monegatti, P. & Raffi, S. (2001) Taxonomic diversity and stratigraphic distribution of Mediterranean Pliocene bivalves. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 165, 171 - 193. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / s 0031 - 0182 (00) 00159 - 0
- Petersen, K. S. (2004) Late Quaternary environmental changes recorded in the Danish marine molluscan faunas. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, 3, 1 - 268.
- Di Geronimo, I., Messina, C., Rosso, A., Sanfilippo, R., Sciuto, F. & Vertino, A. (2005) Enhanced biodiversity in the deep: Early Pleistocene coral communities from Southern Italy. In: Freiwald, A. & Murray Roberts, J. (Eds), Cold-water Corals and Ecosystems, Springer, Berlin, pp. 61 - 86. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 3 - 540 - 27673 - 4 _ 4