Neparholaspis

Key to the females for the world species of the genus Neparholaspis

The key provided for separation of 17 Neparholaspis world species is based on original illustrations, descriptions and examination of the paratype of N. evansi Krantz, 1960. The descriptions and figures of N. caelebs (Vitzthum, 1926) are based only on the male and do not allow inclusion this species in the key. Distribution data in China of N. unicus based on Bei et al., 2009 and N. serratichela Ishikawa, 1979 on Tseng, 1993; distribution of N. arcuatus and N. simplex in Korea reported by Kontschán et al., 2015.

1. Sternal St3 setae whip-like, three times as long as St2; free metasternal shields without St4 setae..................................................................................... N. crispus (Willmann, 1940) (Balkans: Slovenia)

- Sternal St3 setae acicular, similar in length or not more than twice as long as St2; metasternal shields or fused to the sternal and/ or endopodal shields; St4 setae present................................................................... 2

2. Metasternal shields fused to the sternal and/or endopodal shields............................................... 3

- Metasternal shields free, not fused to the sternal or endopodal shields........................................... 5

3. Dorsal setae spatulate distally; metasternal shields fully fused to sternal and endopodal shields....................... 4

- Dorsal setae acicular; metasternal shields fused to endopodal shields and separated from sternal shield by an oblique fissure............................................................. N. simplex Evans, 1956 (Malaya Peninsula; Korea)

4. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of distally spatulate setae; z1 absent; 17 pairs of podonotal and 13 pairs of opisthonotal setae; expulsory vesicles present........................................ N. spathulatus Evans, 1956 (Malaya Peninsula)

- Dorsal shield with 29 pairs of setae: 28 pairs long, pilose, distally spatulate and j1 setae short and distally spatulate; z1 absent; 17 pairs of podonotal and 12 pairs of opisthonotal setae; expulsory vesicles absent.............................................................................................. N. orbicularis Ishikawa, 1976 (Malaya Peninsula)

5. Peritrematal shield with one or two enlarged poroid-like sructures............................................. 14

- Peritrematal shield without any enlarged poroid-like structures................................................ 6

6. Ventri-anal region of idiosoma with expulsory vesicles (gv2 glands) behind IV coxae............................... 7

- Ventri-anal region of idiosoma without expulsory vesicles...................... N. bisunensis Lee & Lee, 2000 (Korea)

7. Dorsal shield with more than 40 pairs of setae, lateral soft integument with neotrichoid setation: about 25 pairs of setae; ventrianal shield with six pairs of pre-anal setae................................. N. marginipilis (Evans, 1956) (Singapore)

- Dorsal shield with 29–30 pairs of setae, lateral soft integument with normal setation; ventri-anal shield with four pairs of preanal setae........................................................................................... 8

8. Expulsory vesicles located postero-laterad to coxae IV....................................................... 9

- Expulsory vesicles located elsewhere..................................................................... 13

9. Sternal shield with arcuate line; bases of St2 and St3 setae located at the arcuate line............................... 10

- Sternal shield ornamented otherwise...................................................................... 12

10. Sternal shield with long vertical ridge connected anterior sclerotised band with posterior arcuate line................. 11

- Sternal shield with short vertical ridge separated anterior sclerotised band from posterior arcuate line........................................................................................ N. subarcuatus Ma & Yan, 2001 (China)

11. Setae St1, St3 on sternal shield about equal in length, St2 seta the shortest, 0.5 times as long as St1 and St3; sternal shield reticulated in areas between medial vertical ridge................................... N. monticola Ishikawa, 1979 (Japan)

- Setae St1, St2 on sternal shield about equal in length, St3 seta the longest, twice as long as St1 and St2; sternal shield without reticulation in areas between medial vertical ridge.. N. arcuatus Petrova, 1977 (Russia, Kurile islands: Kunashir; Korea; Iran)

12. Two pairs of presternal shields; epistome with smooth, distally rounded medial projection; expulsory vesicles located behind first pair of pre-anal Jv1 setae; a pair of large trapezoid exopodal shields IV jointed to peritrematal and ventri-anal shields by narrow connection........................................................ N. shinanonis Ishikawa, 1979 (Japan)

- One pair of presternal shields; epistome with serrated medial projection; expulsory vesicles located at level of second pair of pre-anal Zv1 setae; large trapezoid exopodal shields IV absent..... N. cardioides Petrova, 1977 (Russia: Sikhote-Alin Ridge)

13. Expulsory vesicles located behind posterior angles of genital shield; peritremato-podal shields fused with ventri-anal shield without split between them............................................... N. chenpengi Ma & Yin, 1999 (China)

- Expulsory vesicles located laterad to posterior margins of IV coxae, between peritrematal and ventri-anal shields; peritrematopodal shields fused with ventri-anal shield with split behind coxae IV........................................................................................ N. unicus Petrova, 1967 (Russia: The Far East and East Siberia; China)

14. Peritrematal shields with two pairs of enlarged poroid-like sructures............. N. evansi Krantz, 1960 (U.S.A.: Oregon)

- Peritrematal shields with one pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures............................................ 15

15. The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located between II–III coxae, antero-laterad to stigmata................................................................. N. dubatolovi sp.n. (Russia: Sikhote-Alin Ridge)

- The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located posterior to stigmata...................... 16

16. The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located at level of middle and laterad to coxae IV; ventri-anal shield with expulsory vesicles; movable digit of chelicera multidentate (two large and a number of small teeth)..................................................................... N. serratichela Ishikawa, 1979 (Japan; China: Taiwan)

- The pair of enlarged poroid-like sructures at peritermatal shields located postero-laterad to posterior margins of IV coxae; ventri-anal shield without expulsory vesicles; movable digit of chelicera bidentate.................................................................................................... N. longiligulatus Tseng, 1993 (China: Taiwan)