Investigating Genetic and Other Determinants of First-Onset Myocardial Infarction in Malaysia: Protocol for the Malaysian Acute Vascular Events Risk Study
Creators
- Rajiv Chowdhury1
- Mohd Fairulnizal Md Noh2
- Sophia Rasheeqa Ismail3
- Kim Robin van Daalen1
- Puteri Sofia Nadira Megat Kamaruddin2
- Siti Hafizah Zulkiply2
- Nur Hayati Azizul2
- Norhayati Mustafa Khalid2
- Azizan Ali2
- Izyan Mohd Idris2
- Yong Shih Mei2
- Shazana Rifham Abdullah2
- Norfashihah Faridus2
- Nur Azirah Md Yusof2
- Nur Najwa Farahin M Yusoff2
- Rahman Jamal4
- Aizai Azan Abdul Rahim5
- Abdul Kahar Abdul Ghapar6
- Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan7
- Alan Yean Yip Fong8
- Omar Ismail9
- Saravanan Krishinan10
- Chuey Yan Lee11
- Liew Houng Bang12
- Eashwary Mageswaren13
- Kauthaman Mahendran14
- Nor Hanim Mohd Amin15
- Gunavathy Muthusamy16
- Aaron Ong Hean Jin17
- Ahmad Wazi Ramli18
- Noel Thomas Ross19
- Anwar Irawan Ruhani20
- Mansor Yahya2
- Yusniza Yusoff21
- Siti Khairani Zainal Abidin13
- Laryssa Amado1
- Thomas Bolton1
- Sophie Weston1
- Jason Crawte1
- Niko Ovenden1
- Ank Michielsen1
- Md Mostafa Monower22
- Wan Rozita Wan Mahiyuddin2
- Angela Wood1
- Emanuele Di Angelantonio1
- Nur Suffia Sulaiman2
- John Danesh1
- Adam S Butterworth1
- 1. British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- 2. Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 3. Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaInstitute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 4. UKM Medical Molecular Biological Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 5. National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 6. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- 7. Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- 8. Department of Cardiology, Sarawak Heart Centre, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
- 9. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- 10. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah, Malaysia
- 11. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor, Malaysia
- 12. Department of Cardiology & Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Sabah, Malaysia
- 13. Department of General Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Selangor, Malaysia
- 14. Department of General Medicine & Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
- 15. Department of General Medicine, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Perak, Malaysia
- 16. Department of General Medicine, Hospital Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- 17. Department of General Medicine, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Perlis, Malaysia
- 18. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Terengganu, Malaysia
- 19. Department of General Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 20. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang, Malaysia
- 21. Department of General Medicine, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- 22. National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Description
Background Although the burden of premature myocardial infarction (MI) is high in Malaysia, direct evidence on the determinants of MI in this multi-ethnic population remains sparse.
Objective The Malaysian Acute Vascular Events Risk (MAVERIK) study is a retrospective case-control study established to investigate the genomic, lipid-related, and other determinants of acute MI in Malaysia. In this paper, we report the study protocol and early results. Methods: By June 2019, we had enrolled approximately 2500 patients with their first MI and 2500 controls without cardiovascular disease, who were frequency-matched by age, sex, and ethnicity, from 17 hospitals in Malaysia. For each participant, serum and whole blood have been collected and stored. Clinical, demographic, and behavioral information has been obtained using a 200-item questionnaire.
Results Tobacco consumption, a history of diabetes, hypertension, markers of visceral adiposity, indicators of lower socioeconomic status, and a family history of coronary disease were more prevalent in cases than in controls. Adjusted (age and sex) logistic regression models for traditional risk factors indicated that current smoking (odds ratio [OR] 4.11, 95% CI 3.56-4.75; P<.001), previous smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.12-1.60; P=.001), a history of high blood pressure (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.86-2.44; P<.001), a history of diabetes mellitus (OR 2.72, 95% CI 2.34-3.17; P<.001), a family history of coronary heart disease (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07-1.55; P=.009), and obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2; OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.34; P=.009) were associated with MI in age- and sex-adjusted models.
Conclusions The MAVERIK study can serve as a useful platform to investigate genetic and other risk factors for MI in an understudied Southeast Asian population. It should help to hasten the discovery of disease-causing pathways and inform regionally appropriate strategies that optimize public health action. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/31885
Files
MAVERIK Protocol Publication JMIR Feb 2022.pdf
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(1.3 MB)
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