SARS-CoV-2 evolution, its variants and effects-a review

Animals are helpful for people in art, food, tool, trade, magic, traditional and modern-medicine and role as a bioindicators. Human who have contact with fauna with domestic and wild animals can be at risk for diseases. Pathogen may be passed fauna to Homo sapiens as well as H. sapiens to Homo sapiens with aerosol, contact, infected droplet, oral, and vector. Coronaviruses has of single-stranded RNA virus, and enveloped. Coronaviruses are divided into 4 genera viz. “Alphacoronavirus”, “Betacoronavirus”, “Gammacoronavirus” and “Deltacoronavirus”. Betacoronavirus may originate from bats. SARS-CoV-2 is identified in bat species as well as Malayan Pangolin. Study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 most probably originate from recombination both “bat” and “pangolin” virus. As the COVID-19 disease enters in 2020, it is critical to keep a watch for novel strains and local ailment occurs. The SARS-CoV-2 evolution can provide it more infectious through mutations that enhance binding or increase affinity to host cells.