Published January 10, 2022 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Efficacy of Clinical and Chest Radiography Features in Predicting Patient Prognosis in Children with ‎COVID-19‎

  • 1. Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
  • 2. Department of Radiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
  • 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.

Description

Abstract

The findings of chest radiography (CXR) have not been confirmed in evaluating the ‎prognosis of ‎pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we aimed to analyze the ‎prognostic value of the CXR infiltration severity ‎scoring system at the initial presentation of pediatric patients ‎with COVID-19. Hospitalization and long-term data were recorded.‎ The admission CXR data of 310 patients ‎aged 1 month to 18 years who ‎presented to our hospital between March 2020 and January 2021 with the ‎diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed by the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR‎) test were ‎‎included in the study. The CXR images of each patient were evaluated in terms of the presence, type and ‎localization of lesions by a radiologist, and the lung severity scores were calculated. Clinical and ‎laboratory ‎variables were also noted. The relationship between clinical parameters, imaging ‎findings and patient ‎outcomes was statistically evaluated. The median age was 9.1±5.2 years, and 59.7% of the patients ‎‎(185/310) were male. Abnormal CXR findings ‎were found in 6.5% (20/310) of the patients. CT was ‎performed in 25 patients (8.1%), of whom 20 had normal CT findings. The time between the onset of ‎complaints and ‎admission to the hospital was 2.8±1.1 days in patients with abnormal CXR findings 3.0±1.4 ‎days in those with normal findings, indicating no statistically significant difference (p=0.58). The duration of ‎hospital ‎stay of the patients with abnormal and normal CXR findings was 9.75±2.6 vs 9.47±2.0 days, ‎respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ‎‎(p=0.78). None of the patients required ‎intubation, and all had a ‎good prognosis.‎ For patients aged 1 month-18 years presenting to the emergency ‎department with COVID-‎‎19, CXR presents as a useful modality in the diagnosis of associated pneumonia and ‎it has similar results compared with CT. Our results revealed that CXR could be used in symptomatic children ‎to assess COVID-19 ‎pneumonia. We suggest that CT should be used for the further analysis of possible ‎pathologic findings or complications on CXR, if ‎clinically indicated‎‎‎‎‎.

Özet

Pediatrik COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) hastalarında prognozun ‎değerlendirilmesinde göğüs radyografisi (chest radiography, CXR) bulguları doğrulanmamıştır.‎ Bu çalışmada COVID-19'lu çocuk hastaların ilk başvurularında CXR ‎infiltrasyon şiddeti skorlama sisteminin prognostik değerini analiz etmeyi amaçladık. Hastaneye yatış ve uzun dönem verileri kaydedildi. Çalışmaya Mart 2020 - Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçek zamanlı ters ‎transkriptaz polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (RT-PCR) testi ile doğrulanmış COVID-19 tanısı ile hastanemize başvuran 1 ay ile‎‎ 18 yaş arası 310 hastanın kabul CXR verileri dahil edildi. Her hastanın CXR görüntüsü lezyonların varlığı, lezyon tipi ve ‎lokalizasyonu açısından bir radyolog tarafından değerlendirildi ve ‎akciğer şiddet skorları hesaplandı. Klinik ve laboratuvar değişkenleri kaydedildi. Klinik ‎parametreler, görüntüleme bulguları ve hasta sonuçları arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak ‎değerlendirildi.‎ Medyan yaş 9.1±5.2 yıl idi ve hastaların %59.7’si (185/310) erkekti. Hastaların %6.5’inde (20/310) anormal CXR bulguları saptandı. Yirmi beş hastaya (8.1%) BT çekildi ve bunların 20'sinin BT görüntüleri normaldi. Şikayetlerin ‎başlaması ile hastaneye başvuru arasındaki süre anormal ve normal CXR bulguları olan hastalarda sırasıyla 2.8±1.1 gün ve 3.0±1.4 gündü ve gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p=0.58). Anormal ve normal CXR bulguları olan hastaların hastanede kalış ‎süreleri sırasıyla 9.75±2.6'ya karşı 9.47±2.0 gündü ve fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ‎değildi (p=0.78). Hastaların hiçbiri entübasyona ihtiyaç duymadı ve tümünün prognozu iyi idi.‎ COVID-19 ile acil servise başvuran 1 ay-18 yaş arası hastalarda, COVID-19 pnömonisi tanısında‎ CXR yararlı bir modalite olup BT ile karşılaştırıldığında benzer sonuçlar sunmaktadır. Çalışma verilerimiz semptomatik çocuklarda COVID-19 pnömonisini değerlendirmede CXR’nin kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermekte olup, ‎BT’nin CXR'deki olası patolojik bulguların veya komplikasyonların ileri değerlendirmesi için ve klinik olarak endike olduğunda ‎kullanılmasını öneriyoruz‎.

Notes

COVID-19'lu Çocuklarda Klinik ve Göğüs Radyografisi Özelliklerinin Hasta Prognozunu Öngörmedeki ‎Etkinliği

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