Influence of Reinforcement Oxides on Structural and Mechanical Properties of Glass-Ceramics: A Review Article

This review studied the mechanical behaviors of Glass ceramics (GC) based on the Al2O3/SiO2 system. Glass ceramics are great interest due to their wide variety of applications, which have the ability to fulfil the recent demands of advanced mechanical, optical and biomedical applications. Glass-ceramics are typically heat-stable and have greater mechanical features than glasses. In addition, mechanical properties can be customized to provide variable volume fractions of crystalline phases by regulating nucleation and growth of the crystalline phases. The distribution of these crystalline phases in the glass matrix increases the consistency of the material and, in comparison, effectively limits the growth of cracks. The crystallization process resulted in substantial improvements in micro-hardness and density values such as sodium calcium phosphate (Na4Ca(PO3)6 and calcium pyrophosphate (β-Ca2P2O7) had sufficient properties for bone grafts and dental applications. This article outlines recent developments in the field of doping Oxides as reinforced with SiO2-Al2O3-based Glass- ceramics, to enhance the mechanical properties of Glass-ceramics combination. The research focused on the mechanical and the tribological behaviour of Biomedical, Electronics applications and selection of fabrication methods.