CO2 NEE and ER + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Arctic tundra, Ny Ålesund (Svalbard, NO) - summer 2019

The dataset “fluxes_meteoclimate_NyAlesund” is a .csv file reporting CO2 fluxes and basic meteoclimatic variables measured in the Bayelva Basin near Ny Ålesund, in the Brøgger peninsula, Spitsbergen, Norway (78°55’24’’ N, 11°55’15’’E) during the 2019 growing season peak (July-August). Average coordinates of the measuring site are: 78°55’25.7” N,11°53’29.4” E. Fluxes were measured using the flux chamber method: the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) was measured with a transparent flux chamber, while the Ecosystem Respiration (ER) with a shaded chamber. Three types of sampling were performed: at a fixed point during 24h ('point' in column sampling); in points randomly distributed over a site ('site' in column sampling); and in points covered with specific species ('species' in column sampling). Flux data are complemented by measurements of soil temperature (Ts, in Celsius degrees), soil volumetric water content (VWC, in %), atmospheric pressure (Pr, in hPa), air temperature (Ta, in Celsius degrees), air moisture (RH, in %), and solar radiance (rs , in W/m2). The Green Fractional Cover (GFC, between 0 and 1) of the vegetation inscribed within the sampling surface was estimated from digital RGB pictures taken at nadir. Measurements were divided into 4 classes, depending on the prevailing cover type: bare soil (BS), vascular vegetation (V), non-vascular vegetation (NV, including lichens, mosses and bacterial soil crust) and mix of vascular and non-vascular vegetation (MIX). Class V was further split into 5 subclasses: Carex spp. (CX), Dryas octopetala (DR), Salix Polaris (SL), Saxifraga oppostifolia (SX) and Silene acaulis (SI).