Building on scientific literacy in evolution towards scientifically responsible Europeans, COST Action CA17127
Published November 18, 2021 | Version v1
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ANIMAL AND HUMAN CORONAVIRUSES: Evolution and pathogenicity of the virus and disease prevention

Creators

  • 1. INIAV - National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, I.P.; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA-FMV), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
  • 2. INIAV - National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, I.P.; ce3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal
  • 3. INIAV - National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, I.P. Portugal
  • 4. FMV, ULisboa, CIISA-FMV, Portugal
  • 5. General Directorate of Food and Veterinary (DGAV), Portugal
  • 6. National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Portugal
  • 7. NHS, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, UK

Contributors

  • 1. INIAV - National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research, I.P.; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA-FMV), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
  • 2. GRAPHIC DESIGN AND ILLUSTRATION:

Description

The most recently discovered Human coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is certainly the best-known coronavirus of all, as it is considered a successful invader. First identified in late 2019, it generated the current pandemic of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) when it spread across the planet in only a few months. Like some other members of the same family of viruses, SARS-CoV-2 can infect different types of human cells, however, the epithelia of the lungs and larynx are the main targets thus preferentially causing respiratory infections. Mortality associated with COVID-19 alongside the impacts on health, education, the economy and individual and social well-being are currently a concern for the whole world. These are not only due to the effects of the disease, but also the pandemic control measures imposed by governments across the world, namely mandatory isolation, and we are still looking to adapt to this new way of life alongside a virus that was previously unknown. However, humans and other animal species have long lived side by side with other coronaviruses, many of which unknown to most people, some quite harmless whilst other potentially lethal. In that sense, this is no different.

This book aims to assemble and disseminate information about the origin, evolution and pathogenesis of animal and human coronaviruses in a simple and accessible way, and through this clarify readers’ doubts and fears as well as the rationale underlying transmission prevention actions.

The main text of the manuscript is accompanied by two types of additional information for optional consultation; more in-depth information about some of the mentioned concepts (know more) and a set of questions & answers, providing the reader with the opportunity to clarify doubts relating to the content of each section. For the preparation of this book, we counted on the collaboration of technicians, researchers and academics in the areas of microbiology, epidemiology, animal health and public health. During the production and editing process, a board game and cards (Beat Corona) were also produced. These further explored some of the concepts mentioned in this book, including behaviours related to life in society and their implications in the transmission of diseases caused by coronaviruses, including COVID-19. This game can be used as a pedagogical resource in the classroom context, or as a mere leisure and learning activity.

Notes

Originally published in Portuguese as "Coronavírus dos animais e do Homem: evolução e patogenia do vírus e prevenção de doença, 2020", sponsored by APBE - Associação Portuguesa de Biologia Evolutiva, Íngreme Post Production, Lda, and INIAV – National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research. https://projects.iniav.pt/coronavirus/ - Translation and adaptation (EN): Sara Portela, Margarida Duarte, Teresa Nogueira, Ana Botelho, Sandra Cavaco, Ana Duarte, Patrícia Tavares, Rita Sousa. - Traduction et adaptation du portugais (FR) : Teresa Nogueira - Traducción y adaptación (ES): Gonçalo Nieto Almeida - Traduzione dalla versione portoghese, adattamento e revisione scientifica per la versione italiana (IT): Lucia Martinelli, MUSE - Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italia - Prevod i adaptacija (SERB): Bojan Kenig - Revision and Proofreading (EN): Sara Portela - Relecture (FR) : KennisTranslations - Scientific revision of the English version (EN): Sara Portela and Margarida Duarte - Révision scientifique de la version française (FR) : Graça Belo (CHUV - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse) ACKNOWLEDGMENT For understanding the pertinence of this project and believing in it, a huge thank you to the following organisations/ bodies who funded the editing of this book and made this project possible: APBE - Associação Portuguesa de Biologia Evolutiva; INGREME Post Production, Lda.; INIAV - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. This publication is based upon work from COST Action EuroScitizen - Building on scientific literacy in Evolution towards scientifically responsible Europeans, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation. www.cost.eu

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