Strandesia

Taxonomy of Strandesia

Bradleycypris obliqua (Brady, 1868) was placed in Strandesia by Karanovic (2005), but we reject this decision, as characteristics of this species do not conform to those of Strandesia s.s. As was mentioned above, B. obliqua, (the type species of this monospecific genus) has a strongly oblique carapace in frontal view and no inner list on the LV. Martens et al. (2008) accounted for 134 species in Strandesia s.l. worldwide. Here, we retain a subset of these species in Strandesia s.s. (Table 5). Eleven species of Strandesia are allocated to Bradleystrandesia (Table 6) because of the presence of the Triebel’s loop in the dorsal branch. The following comments can be added.

Bradleystrandesia crassa (Klie, 1939)

Bradleystrandesia dani (George & Martens, 1993)

Bradleystrandesia decorata (Sars, 1903)

Bradleystrandesia lineata (Victor & Fernando, 1981) Syn.: Strandesia amati (Martens, 1984)

Bradleystrandesia parva (Hartmann, 1964)

Bradleystrandesia tolimensis (Roessler, 1990)

Bradleystrandesia trichurensis (Victor et al., 1980)

Bradleystrandesia trispinosa (Pinto & Purper, 1965) Syn.: Strandesia trispinosa galantis (Broodbakker, 1983)

Bradleystrandesia tuberculata (Hartmann, 1964)

Bradleystrandesia umbonata (Victor & Fernando, 1981)

Bradleystrandesia weberi (Moniez, 1892)

Strandesia amati (Martens, 1984) strongly resembles Strandesia lineata Victor & Fernando, 1981, in valve ornamentation and in shape of the carapace. These species were considered by Martens (1984) as different taxa, owing to a number of different morphological features, e.g. the relative length of A2-claws, the length of the A2-aesthetasc, the shape of the Triebel’s loop and the number of rays on T1-respiratory plate. However, a comparison of the original descriptions of S. amati and S. lineata, as well as new material from Thailand, reveals that these two taxa should be considered synonyms. Although there is some morphological variability in the chaetotaxy mentioned above, as well as in the setae on the T2-terminal segment, this is most likely owing to the fact that S. lineata was described from last juvenile stage specimens (Victor & Fernando 1981) in which limbs and setae are not yet completely developed. Strandesia amati is thus sunk in to the synonymy of S. lineata and the latter species is transferred to Bradleystrandesia.

Strandesia bicornuta was described from India (Hartmann 1964). The original description and illustrations were incomplete and even questionable in some features, so that the position of this enigmatic species remained uncertain. Martens & George (1992) redescribed the species on material from Kerala (India). These authors mentioned that the species has more affinities with the South African Cypricercus lineage than with Strandesia, relying on the presence of anterior and posterior spines and the absence of a dorsal protuberance. However, after rechecking materials in the R.B.I.N.Sc. which were collected from Kerala State, India by Martens & George (1992) (specimes O.C. 1661–1670), it can be confirmed that this species belongs to Strandesia s.s., as it has the typical characters of Strandesia described above.

Strandesia trispinosa, previously in Cyprinotus, was described from southern Brazil by Pinto & Purper (1965). This species was divided into 2 subspecies, S. trispinosa trispinosa and S. trispinosa galantis, by Broodbakker (1983). Although the morphology of the soft parts of both forms was identical, Broodbakker (loc. cit) decided to erect this new subspecies because of the geographical distance. However, this view is ruled out since S. trispinosa galantis has recently also been recorded from the Paraná River (Brazil) (Higuti et al. 2007). Based on a comparison of the descriptions of these two subspecies and on a reexamination of material of S. trispinosa from Brazil, we conclude that the variation in length of the anterior and posterior spines is insufficient to warrant distinction between subspecies. Hence, S. trispinosa galantis is here considered a synonym of the nominotypical form. In addition, we lodge S. trispinosa in Bradleystrandesia, because of the presence of the Triebel’s loop in the dorsal branch of the caudal ramus attachment.

Strandesia antetuberculata Hartmann & Petersen, 1985 Strandesia asymmetros Rome, 1962

Strandesia biwaensis Okubo, 2004

Strandesia bornemiszai Klie, 1935

Strandesia brteki Rybecki, 1988

Strandesia calapanensis Tressler, 1937 Strandesia canadensis (Sars, 1926)

Strandesia caudata Klie, 1939

Strandesia cavernicola Broodbakker, 1983 Strandesia chondropherusa Rome, 1965 Strandesia clorocelis Anichini, 1967

Strandesia complexa Victor & Fernando, 1981 Strandesia denticulata Tressler, 1950 Strandesia diversicolor Klie, 1938

Strandesia donnetii (Baird, 1850)

Strandesia dorsoviridis McKenzie, 1966 Strandesia elatior (Vavra, 1897)

Strandesia elliptica elliptica (Sars, 1901) Strandesia elliptica mayor Roessler, 1990 Strandesia elongata Hartmann, 1964

Strandesia feuerborni Klie, 1932

Strandesia flavescens Klie, 1932

Strandesia freyi Victor & Fernando, 1981 Strandesia hystrix (Furtos, 1933)

Strandesia intrepida Furtos, 1936

Strandesia itapeva Tressler, 1950

Strandesia kilimensis (Daday, 1910)

Strandesia kraepelini (Müller, 1906)

Strandesia laticauda (Daday, 1910)

Strandesia mammarilorum mammarilorum Victor & Fernando, 1981 Strandesia mammarilorum sumatrana Victor & Fernando, 1981 Strandesia marmorata (Brady, 1886) Strandesia minuta Klie, 1936

Strandesia mulargiae Anichini, 1967

Strandesia mutica (Sars, 1901)

Strandesia obliqua Klie, 1940

Strandesia obtusata obtusata (Sars, 1901) Syn.: Strandesia itapeva Tressler, 1950 Strandesia obtusata roessleri Martens & Behen, 1994 Strandesia ovalis Tressler, 1950

Strandesia pedroensis Tressler, 1950

Strandesia phoenix De Deckker, 1981 Strandesia postica Rome, 1962

Strandesia prava Klie, 1935

Strandesia puncticulata (Daday, 1910) Strandesia purpurascens (Brady, 1886) Strandesia quasirotunda Hartmann & Petersen, 1985 Strandesia regularis Rome, 1962

Strandesia reticulata (Daday, 1898)

Strandesia riograndensis Tressler, 1950 Strandesia rotunda (Tressler, 1950)

Strandesia rouxi Mehes, 1939

Strandesia saetosa Hartmann, 1964

Strandesia santaeluciae (Klie, 1935)

Strandesia sexpunctata Klie, 1932

Strandesia spinulosa Bronshtein, 1958 in Akatova, 1958

Strandesia striatoreticulata Klie, 1932

Strandesia sudanica Sywula, 1970

Strandesia taeniata (Vavra, 1895)

Strandesia tenuicauda (Brady, 1886)

Strandesia thermalis Rybecky, 1988

Strandesia tietensis Tressler, 1950

Strandesia towoetensis Tressler, 1937

Strandesia uenoi Klie, 1938

Strandesia ujijensis Rome, 1962

Strandesia unguiculata Brehm, 1938

Strandesia venezolana Broodbakker, 1983

Strandesia victori Harshey & Srinivasan, 1987

Strandesia vinciguerrae (Masi, 1905) Syn.: Strandesia anterotundata Rome, 1977

Strandesia vittata (Sars, 1903)

Strandesia wierzejskii (Grochmalicki, 1915)

Strandesia wolterecki Tressler, 1937

The exact position of most of the other Strandesia and Cypricercus species remains unclear, mainly because of the incomplete descriptions of these species. In most cases, no account is provided of the appearance of the α-seta on the Md-palp and of the d-seta on the T1, which are significant taxonomic features of this group. These uncertain species are listed in Tables 4 and 7 for Cypricercus and Strandesia, respectively.