Analysis of Interleukin-10 (-1082) G/A Gene Polymorphism in Chronic Periodontitis among Saudi Population

Background: Periodontitis is a major oral health problem and it accounts one of the causes for tooth loss. Hereditary factors have a critical role in the development of periodontitis. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the influence of the interleukin-10 (-1082) G/A (rs1800896) polymorphism and the risk of periodontal disease among Saudi population in Makkah environ. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood leucocytes were used for extraction of DNA which was used for genotyping of interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene in 83 healthy controls and 60 unrelated Saudi patients with generalized moderate to severe periodontitis using polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results: The distribution of AA genotype was higher in periodontitis group relative to the control group while the GG genotype was higher in the control group compared with the patients with periodontitis (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.44-8.17, P = 0.006). The AG genotype did not show significant difference between controls and periodontitis group (OR = 1.951, 95% CI: 0.85-4.47, P = 0.14). The distribution of A allele was higher in periodontitis relative to the controls while the G allele was higher in control group compared with the periodontitis group (OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.20-5.27, P = 0.013). Conclusion: These results suggested that the AA genotypes and A allele of IL-10 (-1082) G/A polymorphism may be associated with periodontitis among Saudi population while the GG genotype and the G allele may be associated with decreased risk of periodontitis.