Precision Medicine and Public Health: New Challenges for Effective and Sustainable Health
Creators
- Traversi Deborah1
- Pulliero Alessandra2
- Izzotti Alberto3
- Franchitti Elena1
- Iacoviello Licia4
- Gianfagna Francesco5
- Gialluisi Alessandro6
- Izzi Benedetta6
- Agodi Antonella7
- Barchitta Martina7
- Calabrò Giovanna Elisa8
- Hoxhaj Ilda8
- Sassano Michele8
- Sbrogió Luca Gino9
- Del Sole Annamaria10
- Marchiori Francesco11
- Pitini Erica12
- Migliara Giuseppe12
- Marzuillo Carolina12
- De Vito Corrado12
- Tamburro Manuela13
- Sammarco Michela Lucia13
- Ripabelli Giancarlo13
- Villari Paolo14
- Boccia Stefania15
- 1. Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
- 2. Department of Health Sciences School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy
- 3. Department of Health Sciences School of Medicine and Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy
- 4. Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- 5. Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy and Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
- 6. Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- 7. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
- 8. Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- 9. Dipartimento di Prevenzione, Az. ULSS3 Serenissima, Venice, Italy
- 10. Dipartimento di Prevenzione, SIAN, Az. ULSS5, Rovigo, Italy
- 11. Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
- 12. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- 13. Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
- 14. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- 15. Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health-Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy and Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Description
The development of high-throughput omics technologies represents an unmissable oppor- tunity for evidence-based prevention of adverse effects on human health. However, the applicability and access to multi-omics tests are limited. In Italy, this is due to the rapid increase of knowledge and the high levels of skill and economic investment initially necessary. The fields of human genetics and public health have highlighted the relevance of an implementation strategy at a national level in Italy, including integration in sanitary regulations and governance instruments. In this review, the emerging field of public health genomics is discussed, including the polygenic scores approach, epigenetic modulation, nutrigenomics, and microbiomes implications. Moreover, the Italian state of implementation is presented. The omics sciences have important implications for the prevention of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases, especially because they can be used to assess the health status during the whole course of life. An effective population health gain is possible if omics tools are implemented for each person after a preliminary assessment of effectiveness in the medium to long term.
Files
jpm-11-00135-v2-2.pdf
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