Genius loci: the evaluation of places between instrumental and intrinsic values

This paper aims to provide an analysis of cultural heritage, in both its tangible and intangible dimension, as an ecosystem. It discusses the theories of value underlining the need to overcome the traditional assessment approach based on instrumental values and to propose a new avenue to talk and assess cultural heritage, specifically focusing on its genius loci. Clearly, there is the need to take into account intrinsic values as well. How to improve the effectiveness of recovery, restoration and valorization interventions on cultural heritage and landscapes? The lens of ecology is here introduced in planning conservation. A complex notion of value of cultural heritage is proposed, which will imply specific consequences on evaluation processes. We propose such reflection on methods for valuation of cultural heritage and landscapes in an ecosystemic perspective to inform policy making and physical and spatial planning for sustainable management of cultural heritage and landscapes.