Mucronotus schwabei Ruta 2021

Mucronotus schwabei (Pic, 1938)

(Figs 10D–E, 11A, 13D, 17–18)

Type material. Lectotype (present designation), male (SDEI, Fig. 6B): “Puerto Puyuhuapi \ Süd-Chile \ leg. H. Schwabe ”; “W13 [illegible] \ 27.12.37” [handwritten]; “ Holotypus ” [red label, printed]; “type” [handwritten by Pic]; “ Pic det.” [printed]; “ Cyphon \ schwabei \ n sp” [handwritten by Pic]; “Dtsch. Entomol. \ Institut Berlin ”; “DEI-Müncheberg \ Col—04805” [green label, printed]. Paralectotype (present designation), female (SDEI, Fig. 6C): “Puerto Puyuhuapi \ Süd-Chile \ leg. H. Schwabe ”; “W13 [illegible] \ 27.12.37” [handwritten]; “ Paratypus ” [red label, printed]; “ Pic det.” [printed]; “var” [handwritten by Pic]; “Dtsch. Entomol. \ Institut Berlin ”; “DEI- Müncheberg \ Col—04806” [green label, printed]. Paralectotype (present designation), 1 ex. (MNHN, Fig. 6D): “Puerto Puyuhuapi \ Süd-Chile \ leg. H. Schwabe ”; “W13 [illegible] \ 26.12.37” [handwritten]; “ Cyphon \ schwabei \ n sp” [handwritten by Pic]; “cotype” [handwritten by Pic].

Additional material examined. 2 exx. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Valdivia \ 34 km WNW La Union \ 17.XII.84-7. II.85 \ S&J Peck, 700m, FIT \ mixed evergr. forest”. 1 ex. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Osorno: Puyehue \ Nat. Pk; Aquas Calientes \ 18.XII.84-8.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 600m, malaise \ Nothofagus forest”. 3 exx. (CMNC), 2 exx. (FMNH): “ CHILE: Malleco; Puren \ Contulmo Natur Mon \ 11.XII.84-13.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 350 m \ mixed evergr. forest”. 1 ex. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Palena Prov. \ 37 km SE Chaiten \ 28.XII.84-30.I.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 60m \ riverside 2nd forest”. 3 exx. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Cautin; 21km NE \ Pucon, Lago Caburga \ 15.XII.84-10.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 600m \ mixed forest remnant”. 3 exx. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Lago Chapo \ 34 km E Pto. Montt \ 24.XII.84-2.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 300m, FIT \ 2nd growth Nothofagus ”. 2 exx. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Cautin, 10kmS \ Pucon, Vol. Villarrica N. P. \ 15.XII.84-10.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 900m \ Nothofagus grove on ash”. 3 exx. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Malleco: Princesa \ 20 km W Curacautin \ 12.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 1000m \ Nothofagus forest”. 2 exx. (CMNC): “ CHILE: Aisen; 16 km NW \ Cisnes Medio, Rio Grande \ 30.XII.84-28.I.85 \ S&J Peck, 200m, FIT \ mature beech forest”. 2 exx. (CMNH): “ Villarrica \ Cautin \ II-III-1979 \ Coll. L. E. Pena ”; “CMNH Acc. \ No. 31811”. 3 exx. (DBET): “ CHILE W, Reg. X \ Chiloe Isl. SE, 20 km \ NNW of Quellon \ 216 m, 42.58, 73.45 \ 31.1.2005, Snižek lgt.”. 1 ex. (DBET): “ CHILE E, reg. X \ E of PUERTO MONTT \ SE of LAGO CHAPO \ 30.1.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK”. 1 ex. (DBET): “ CHILE CW, reg. X \ W of LA UNION \ E of EL MIRADOR \ 27.1.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK”. 2 exx. (DBET): “ CHILE W, Reg. X \ W of Pargua \ 40 m 29.I.2005 \ M. Snižek lgt.”. 1 ex. (DBET): “ CHILE \ Huerquehue NP. \ nr Tingika L \>= 780m \ 20- 26.12.2013 ”, “ S 39°10’ \ W 71°44’ \ leg. E. Lukasievich ”. 2 exx. (EMEC): “54- CHILE X REGION \ Oncol Park, Fogging 14:36 PM \ 300cc/l, 08.I. 2007, 576m 19°C \ S39°41.973 / W73°18.917 \ Sexegothaea conspicua 40m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “62- CHILE X REGION \ Chaihuin, Hueicolla Way Fog- \ ging 12:42 PM, 12.I.2007 107m \ 18°C, S39°59.926 / W73°38.976 \ Nothofagus dombeyi 20 m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 3 exx. (EMEC): “61- CHILE X REGION \ Chaihiun Hueicolla Way, Fogging \ 12:23 PM, 12.I. 2007, 107 m, 18°CS \ 39°51.926/ W73°38.976 \ Nothofagus dombeyi 20 m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “56- CHILE X REGION \ Punta Curinanco, Fogging \ 12:44 PM, 09.I. 2007, 177m \ 17°C, S39°42.788 / W73°24.323 \ Aextoxicon punctatum 25m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 3 exx. (EMEC): “70- CHILE X REGION \ Chaihuin Res. Costera Valdivi- \ ana, Fogging 11:44AM, 14.I.2007, \ 191m 21°C, S39°59.986 / W73°38. \ 971, Nothofagus nitida 35 m, \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 3 exx (EMEC): “66.-Chile X Region, Chaihuin \ Res. Costera Valdiviana_ 362m \ Las Garzas Way Fogging 11:27 AM \ 12/I/2007 17°C Nothofagus nitida \ S39°59.700 / W73°34.663 \ Arias et al Berkeley”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “59- CHILE X REGION \ Oncol Park, Quitaqui Way Fog- \ ging 12:03 PM, 10.I. 2007, 526m \ 19°C, S39°42.009 / W73°18.558 \ Sexegothaea conspicua 40m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “53- CHILE X REGION \ Oncol Park, Bonifacio Way \ Fogging 12:43 PM 300cc/l \ 08.I. 2007, 606m 17.6°C \ S39°41.979 / W73°18.938 \ Saxegothaea conspicua 40 m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 3 exx. (EMEC): “69- CHILE X REGION \ Chaihuin Res. Costera Valdivi- \ ana, Las Garzas Way Fogging \ 09:13 AM, 14.I. 2007, 210m 19°C, \ S40°00.026 / W73°38.962, Nothofagus \ dombeyi 20m, Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “ CHILE, X Region Los Rios, \ Oncol Park, 19.01/ 1.02.2007 \ Malaise trap T2 \ Arias et Ruiz UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genera \ sp. 1 \ det. J. E. Barriga-Tuñon 2008”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “ CHILE, X Region Los Rios, \ Oncol Park, 6- 20.03.2007 \ Malaise trap T2 \ Arias et Ruiz UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genera \ sp. 1 \ det. J. E. Barriga-Tuñon 2008”. 1 ex. (EMEC): “37°48’12’’S/73°01’28.5’’W \ CHILE, IX Region, vic. Naheulb \ pitfall traps, 7-25:i:2003 \ Colls. K. Will, S. Lew ”; “ Cyphon \ sp. \ det. J. E. Barriga ”; “ U. C. Berkeley \ EMEC 107091”. 1 ex. (FMNH): “ CHILE: Llanquihue Pr.: \ P. N. Vicente Perez Bos- \ ales, 9.2 km NE Ensen- \ ada on road to Petrohué,”, “ 125m, 41°10.20’S, \ 72°27.10’W, 2- 28.\ 1997, Valdivian rainfor. \ with Nothofagus spp. ”, “FMHD 97-9, carrion \ trap (squid), A. Newton \ & M. Thayer 987 \ FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.”. 2 exx. (FMNH): “ CHILE: Llanquihue \ Prov., Lenca, 45 km SE \ Pto Montt., 100m \ 25.XII.1984 ”, “FMHD #85-947, forest \ remnant, leaf stick \ litter, S.&J. Peck, \ P#85-63, berlese \ FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST”. 1 ex. (FMNH): “DUHATAO \ Is. Chiloe W. \ 16-21-I-81 \ Coll. M. Marin ”, “FMNH, 1986 \ L. E. Pena Coll. \ Acc. # 17-422”. 1 ex. (FMNH): “CUCAO \ Is. Chiloe \ 23-15-11-81 \ Coll. M. Marin ”, “FMNH, 1986 \ L. E. Pena Coll. \ Acc. # 17-422”. 5 exx. (FMNH): “LLANQUIHUE \ Hornohuinco \ Lag. Chapo”, “ Dec. 1968 \ L. E. Peña ”, “FMNH, 1986 \ L. Peña Coll. \ Acc. #17.422”. 1 ex. (FMNH): “ENCO 1100m \ Valdivia CH. \ II-78 \ Coll: L.E. Pena ”, “FMNH, 1986 \ L. Peña Coll. \ Acc. #17.422”. 1 ex. (FMNH): “Prov. Malleco \ Rio Blanco \ Curacautin ”, “Febr. 1964 \ Coll. L. E. Pena ”, “FMNH, 1986 \ L. Peña Coll. \ Acc. #17.422”. 2 exx. (MHNG): “ CHILE: X Reg. Prov. Osorno \ PN Puyehue, Aguas \ Calientes, 400-500 m \ 31.XII.1990 - 1.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #25b”. 3 exx. (MHNG): “ CHILE: IX Reg. Prov. Cautin \ PN Huerquehue, 800 m \ 22- 25.XII.1990, Valdivian \ lauriphyllous forest \ Agosti & Burckhardt #17b”. 1 ex. (MHNG): “ CHILE: X Reg. Prov. Chiloé \ Cucao, 30 km SW Castro \ PN Chiloé, 30 m, temp. rain \ forest, 4-6.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #29a”. 6 exx. (MHNG): “ CHILE: X Reg. Prov. Chiloé \ Cucao, 30 km SW Castro \ PN Chiloé, 30 m, temp. rain \ forest, 4- 6.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #29b”. 1 female (MNHN): “1361” [handwritten, without other labels]. 1 male (MNHN): “9 \ 45” [round label, green on reverse], “MUSEUM PARIS \ CHILI \ CL. GAY 1845” [printed], “ Elodes \ velutinus \ Chili” [handwritten]. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: \ Laguna San Rafael \ Feb-March 1999”; “Sweeping \ herbage”; “BM-1999-107 \ P. M. Hammond \ K. A. Jackson ”. 8 exx. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “Glacier Path \ MT \ 25.xi.-12.xii.03”. 3 exx. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; „Glacier Path \ MT \ 21.xi.-12.xii.03”; “ridge \ epiphytes”. 2 exx. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “Glacier Path \ Hilltop FIT \ 30.xi.-7.xii.03”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “Litter transect \ 2: 21 m. \ xi.2003 ”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “Litter transect \ 5: 14 m. \ xi.2003 ”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond”; “Litter transect \ 7: 7 m. \ xi.2003 ”. 2 exx. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “Below base \ 1-10.xii.03 \ shrub flowers”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “Below Base \ 21.xi-12.xii.03 \ beating”. 3 exx. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “ Base area \ 21.xi.-12.xii.03 \ beating”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “ Base area \ 21.xi.-12.xii.03”; “litter at \ forest edge”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “ Base area, MT \ 21.xi.-12.xii.03”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “New Path \ 21.xi.- 12.xii.03”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: Reg. XI \ Queulat N. P. \ P. M. Hammond ”; “New path \ xi.2003 ”. 1 ex. (NHM): “ CHILE: \ Laguna San Rafael \ Feb-March 1999”; “F. I. T. 1/2 \ in forest”; “BM-1999-107 \ P. M. Hammond \ K. A. Jackson ”. 1 ex. (NHM): “Peulla. \ 12-13.xii.1926.”; „S. Chile: \ Llanquihue prov. \ F. & M. Edwards. \ B. M. 1927-63.”. 1 ex. (NHM): “Chiloe I., \ Chile. \ C. Darwin. ”; „Darwin Coll. \ 1885-119”; „Chiloe \ 2309”; „ Cyphon \ velutinus \ Solier” [written with pencil]. 2 exx. (NHMB): “Chile Prov \ Valdivia \ E. Krahmer ”; “Santo \ Domingo \ 27.XI.1977 ”. 6 exx. (NHMF): “ CHILE, prov. Valdivia, \ Chaihuín, Camino a \ Huaicolla, 12 ene 2007, \ 107mt, 39°59.926 S 73° \ 38.976W, fogging \ Nothofagus dombeyi, \ leg. J. E. Barriga-Tuñón ”. 7 exx. (NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r. 1.-3.2. \ 2005, Manzanar \ 38°28.071-71°41.873 \ 800m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 1 ex. (NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r., 9.- 11.2. \ 2005, P. N. Nahuelbuta \ 37°48.530-73°00.954 \ 1200m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 1 ex. (NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r., 4.- 5.2. \ 2005, Laguna Icalma \ 38°49.148-71°19.097 \ 1250m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 2 exx. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Valdivia \ 30 km SE Panguipulli \ 39°44’S, 72°20’W, 200m \ 15 Nov 1994. R. Les- \ chen & C. Carlton #107 \ ex: sifting leaf litter”. 1 ex. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Osorno \ 48.5 km W. Osorno \ 40°37’S, 73°45’W, 75m \ 28 Nov. 1994, R. Les- \ chen & C. Carlton #181 \ ex: sifting leaf litter”. 1 ex. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Valdivia \ 10 km NW Choshuenco \ 39°45’S, 72°20’W, 250m \ 15 Nov 1994, R. Les- \ chen & C. Carlton #102 \ ex: beating vegetation”. 3 exx. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Chiloe \ 33 km SW Chonchi \ Lago Tepuhueco, 25m \ 42°49’S, 73°55’W \ 26 Nov 1994, R. Les- \ chen & C. Carlton #163 \ ex: beating vegetation”. 1 ex. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Chiloe \ 31.4 km SW Chonchi \ Lago Tepuhueco, 50m \ 42°51’S, 73°47’W \ 26 Nov 1994, R. Leschen \ & C. Carlton #172 \ ex: sifting leaf litter”. 1 ex. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Valdivia \ 37 km SE Panguipulli \ 39°45’S, 72°20’W, 300m \ 14 Nov 1994, R. Leschen \ & C. Carlton #099 \ ex: sifting leaf litter”. 1 ex. (SEMC): “ CHILE: Llanquihue \ Lago Llanquihue, 200 m \ 3.3 km NW Ensenada \ 41°18’S, 72°29’W \ 12 Nov 1994, R. Leschen \ & C. Carlton #087 \ ex: beating vegetation”. 1 ex. (ZMUC): “ ARGENTINA, Rio Negro \ 8: Lago Nahuel Huapi \ Puerto Blest, 770 m \ 23.xii.1978 \ Mision Cientifica Danesa”. 1 ex. (ZMUC): “ ARGENTINA, Rio Negro \ 8: Lago Nahuel Huapi \ Puerto Blest, 770 m \ 1.i.1979 \ Mision Cientifica Danesa”. 1 ex. (ZMUC): “ CHILE, Osorno \ 13: Parque Nacional \ Puyehue Anticura \ 15.xii., 350 m \ Nielsen & Karsholt”. 1 ex. (ZMUC): “ CHILE, Valdivia \ 15: 20 km S Valdivia \ Rincon de la Piedra \ 14.xi. 1981, 180 m \ Nielsen & Karsholt”.

Diagnosis. Posterolateral angles of pronotum well marked; elytra covered with dense, large punctures; processes of trigonium longer than pala, bisinuate, with ca. 15 denticles on its dorsal edge, slightly widened at apex; anterior portion of bursal sclerite with transverse bar, hooked at sides.

Description. Male. Body moderately large (TL 4.8–8.0 mm), elongate (TL/EW 1.7–1.9), widest in the middle of elytra, moderately convex. Colouration yellowish brown to chestnut brown. Head ca. 1.5× wider than interocular space, convex, sparsely covered with granulate punctures, punctures separated by ca. 0.5–1.0× diameter of a puncture, frons with two impunctate depressions; eyes moderately large, protuberant. Pronotum transverse (PW/PL 2.1–2.6), punctation on disc not granulate, sparse, punctures separated by ca. 2.0× diameter of a puncture, punctation on sides granulate, as on head, lateral carinae of pronotum almost straight, posterolateral angles well marked, anterolateral angles subtriangular. Elytra long, 4.6–6.0× longer than pronotum, 1.4–1.5× wider than pronotum; punctation irregular, punctures large, dense, separated by ca. 0.5–1.0× diameter of a puncture. Aedeagus symmetrical, penis (Fig. 17A) large, (L 1.13 mm, W 0.53 mm) dorsoventrally flattened, pala shorter than parameroids and trigonium; trigonium bifid, each process of trigonium long, narrow, sinuate, slightly enlarged at apex, ventral edge with ca. 15 denticles; parameroids subtriangular, very long and narrow, apices subtly longer than processes of trigonium. Tegmen (Fig. 17B) large (L 1.2 mm, W 0.6 mm), elongate, without lateral processes; ventral processes narrow, digitiform; parameres lyre-shaped, subtly denticulate on outer margins. Sternite VIII (Fig. 17C) (L 0.38 mm, W 0.53 mm) widely v-shaped, with indistinct setation at apex; sternite IX (Fig. 17D) (L 0.43 mm, W 0.73 mm) oval, consisting of two subtriangular hemisternites, apical portion covered with sparse setae. Tergite VIII (Fig. 17E) elongated (L 0.77 mm, W 0.67 mm), apodemes shorter than apical plate, apical plate subrectangular, covered with microsetae, apical margin tempered, with a row of sparse, relatively long setae and much more numerous, very short, dense setae. Tergite IX (Fig. 17F) (L 0.50 mm, W 0.40 mm) with short apodemes, apical portion membranous, setation indistinct.

Female. Body on average smaller (TL 5.40–6.70), setation of dorsum similar to that on males, no external differences in punctation of dorsum, structure of pronotum or adscutellar portion of elytra noticeable; ovipositor long (L 3.6 mm, Fig. 18A), without branchlets, coxites subtriangular, elongated, apices of coxites rounded, with numerous short setae, styli apical, with two patches of sensillae, bursal sclerite (L 1.38 mm, W 0.78 mm) with indistinct elongate sclerotizations and well developed transverse bar hooked at sides (Fig. 18B).

Measurements and ratios. Males (n = 10) TL 4.80–8.00 mm (6.3 mm), PL 0.80–1.40 mm (1.0 mm), PW 1.90–3.00 mm (2.4 mm), EL 4.20–7.20 mm (5.4 mm), EW 2.90–4.30 mm (3.5 mm), TL/EW 1.7–1.9 (1.7), PW/PL 2.1–2.6 (2.3), EL/EW 1.4–1.7 (1.5), EL/PL 4.6–6.0 (5.0), EW/PW 1.4–1.5 (1.5). Females (n = 10) TL 5.40–6.70 mm (6.0 mm), PL 0.90–1.10 mm (1.0 mm), PW 2.05–2.60 mm (2.32 mm), EL 4.40–5.70 mm (5.0 mm), EW 3.00– 3.90 mm (3.4 mm), TL/EW 1.7–1.9 (1.8), PW/PL 2.1–2.4 (2.2), EL/EW 1.4–1.6 (1.5), EL/PL 4.4–5.2 (5.1), EW/PW 1.4–1.6 (1.5).

Distribution. A common species, recorded from regions Bío Bío, Araucanía, Los Ríos, Los Lagos, and Aysénin of Chile and province Rio Negro in Argentina (Fig. 24B).

Biology. Most specimens were collected in Valdivian temperate forests with Aextoxicon punctatum, Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst., N. nitida (Phil.) Krasser, and Sexegothaea conspicua.

Remarks. According to the original description (Pic 1938) type specimens were collected 27.12.1937, and were deposited in DEI and the collection of Pic (now in MNHN). The specimen from the collection of MNHN bears the date 26.12.1937 but it was collected in the same locality and was designated a paralectotype. The specimen from the collection of SDEI is designated here as the lectotype in order to preserve the stability of nomenclature by selecting one specimen as the sole, name-bearing type of the taxon.