Published September 6, 2007 | Version v1
Journal article Open

A Complete Late Cretaceous Iguanian (Squamata, Reptilia) from the Gobi and Identification of a New Iguanian Clade

Description

CONRAD, JACK L., NORELL, MARK A. (2007): A Complete Late Cretaceous Iguanian (Squamata, Reptilia) from the Gobi and Identification of a New Iguanian Clade. American Museum Novitates 3584 (1): 1-48, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3584[1:ACLCIS]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)3584%5B1%3AACLCIS%5D2.0.CO%3B2

Files

source.pdf

Files (7.4 MB)

Name Size Download all
md5:d07b8ef92b7d11db48614f6d80c849eb
7.4 MB Preview Download

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

LSID
urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:D07BFFF92B7DFFDB48614F6DFFC8FFEB

References

  • Abdala, V., and S.A. Moro. 2003. A cladistic analysis of ten lizard families (Reptilia: Squamata) based on cranial musculature. Russian Journal of Herpetology 10: 53-78.
  • Alifanov, V.R. 1989a. More ancient gekkos (Lacertilia, Gekkonidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1: 124-126.
  • Alifanov, V.R. 1989b. New priscagamids (Lacertilia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia and their systematic postion among Iguania. Paleontological Journal 1989: 68-80.
  • Alifanov, V.R. 1989c. The most ancient gekkos (Lacertilia: Gekkonidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1: 57-74.
  • Alifanov, V.R. 1993. New lizards of the family Macrocephalosauridae (Sauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia, critical remarks on the systematics of the Teiidae (sensu Estes, 1983). Paleontological Journal 27: 70-90.
  • Alifanov, V.R. 1996. Lizard families Priscagamidae and Hoplocercidae (Sauria, Iguania): phylogenetic position and new representatives from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 1996: 100-118.
  • Alifanov, V.R. 2000. The fossil record of Cretaceous lizards from Mongolia. In M.J. Benton, M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin and E.N. Kurochkin (editors), The age of dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia: 368-389. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Barrows, S., and H.M. Smith. 1947. The skeleton of the lizard Xenosaurus grandis (Gray). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 31: 227-281.
  • Bauer, A.M. 2003. Lizards. In H.G. Cogger and R.G. Zweifel (editors), Encyclopedia of reptiles & amphibians: 126-173. San Francisco: Fog City Press.
  • Bell, G.L., Jr. 1997. A phylogenetic revision of North American and Adriatic Mosasauroidea. In J.M. Callaway and E.L. Nicholls (editors), Ancient marine reptiles. San Diego: Academic Press.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1983. The early phylogeny of Anguimorpha as implicated by craniological data. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 28: 5-105.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1984. Anguimorphans and related lizards from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 46: 5-105.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1985. Carolinidae, a new family of xenosaurid-like lizards from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 30: 151-176.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1988. Globaura venusta gen. et sp. n. and Eoxanta lacertifrons gen. et sp. n.-non-teiid lacertoids from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 33: 211-248.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1990. Gobekko cretacicus gen. et sp. n., a new gekkonid lizard from the Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 35: 67-76.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1996. The Late Cretaceous lizard Pleurodontagama and the origin of tooth permanency in Lepidosauria. Acta Herpetologica Polonica 41: 231-252.
  • Borsuk-Bialynicka, M., and S.M. Moody. 1984. Priscagaminae, a new subfamily of the Agamidae (Sauria) from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 29: 51-81.
  • Branch, W.R. 1982. Hemipeneal morphology of platynotan lizards. Journal of Herpetology 16: 16-38.
  • Caldwell, M.W. 1999. Squamate phylogeny and the relationships of snakes and mosasauroids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 125: 115-147.
  • Camp, C.L. 1923. Classification of the lizards. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 48: 289-481.
  • Conrad, J.L. 2006a. Postcranial skeleton of Shinisaurus crocodilurus (Squamata: Anguimorpha). Journal of Morphology 267: 759-775.
  • Conrad, J.L. 2006b. An Eocene shinisaurid (Reptilia, Squamata) from Wyoming, U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26: 113-126.
  • Conrad, J.L. In press. Phylogeny and systematics of Squamata (Reptilia) based on morphology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
  • Conrad, J.L., and M.A. Norell. 2006. Highresolution x-ray computed tomography of an Early Cretaceous gekkonomorph (Squamata) from Oosh (Ovorkhangai; Mongolia). Historical Biology 18: 405-431.
  • Conrad, J.L., O. Rieppel, and L. Grande. In press. An Eocene iguanian (Squamata: Reptilia) from Wyoming, U.S.A. Journal of Paleontology
  • Cope, E.D. 1864. On the characters of the higher groups of Reptilia Squamata-and especially of the Diploglossa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 16: 224-231.
  • Costelli, J., Jr., and M.K. Hecht. 1971. The postcranial osteology of the lizard Shinisaurus: the appendicular skeleton. Herpetologica 27: 87-98.
  • de Beer, G. 1937. The development of the vertebrate skull. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 554 pp.
  • DeBraga, M., and R.L. Carroll. 1993. The origin of mosasaurs as a model of macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Evolutionary Biology 27: 245-322.
  • Estes, R. 1964. Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation eastern Wyoming. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49: 1-180.
  • Estes, R. 1983. Sauria terrestria, Amphisbaenia. New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 249 pp.
  • Estes, R., K. de Queiroz, and J. Gauthier. 1988. Phylogenetic relationships within Squamata. In R. Estes and G. Pregill (editors), Phylogenetic relationships of the lizard families, 119-281. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Etheridge, R. 1967. Lizard caudal vertebrae. Copeia 1967: 699-721.
  • Etheridge, R., and K. de Queiroz. 1988. A phylogeny of Iguanidae. In R. Estes and G. Pregill (editors), Phylogenetic relationships of the lizard families: 283-367. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Evans, S.E. 1993. A re-evaluation of the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) reptile Euposaurus (Reptilia: Lepidosauria) from Cerin, France. Geobios 27: 621-631.
  • Evans, S.E. 1994. A new anguimorph lizard from the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of England. Palaeontology 37: 33-49.
  • Evans, S.E. 1998. Crown group lizards (Reptilia, Squamata) from the Middle Jurassic of the British Isles. Palaeontographica; Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte der Vorzeit. Abt. A 250: 123-154.
  • Evans, S.E., and L.J. Barbadillo. 1997. Early Cretaceous lizards from Las Hoyas, Spain. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 119: 23-49.
  • Evans, S.E., and D. Sigogneau-Russell. 1997. New sphenodontians (Diapsida: Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Early Cretaceous of North Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17: 45-51.
  • Evans, S.E., and L.J. Barbadillo. 1998. An unusual lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Early Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Spain. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 124: 235-265.
  • Evans, S.E., and D.C. Chure. 1998. Paramacellodid lizard skulls form the Jurassic Morrison Formation at Dinosaur National Monument, Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18: 99-114.
  • Evans, S.E., and Y. Wang. 2005. Early Cretaceous lizard Dalinghosaurus from China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50: 725-742.
  • Evans, S.E., G.V.R. Prasad, and B.K. Manhas. 2001. Rhynchocephalians (Diapsida: Lepidosauria) from the Jurassic Kota Formation of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133: 309-334.
  • Evans, S.E., P. Raia, and C. Barbera. 2004. New lizards and rhynchocephalians from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49: 393-408.
  • Evans, S.E., Y. Wang, and C. Li. 2005. The early Cretaceous lizard genus Yabeinosaurus from China: resolving an enigma. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 4: 319-335.
  • Fraser, N.C. 1982. A new rhynchocephalian from the British Upper Trias. Palaeontology 25: 709-725.
  • Frost, D.R., and R. Etheridge. 1989. A phylogenetic analysis and taxonomy of iguanian lizards (Reptilia: Squamata). University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, Miscellaneous Publications 81: 1-65.
  • Frost, D.R., R. Etheridge, D. Janies, and T.A. Titus. 2001. Total evidence, sequence alignment, evolution of polychrotid lizards, and a reclassification of the Iguania (Squamata: Iguania). American Museum Novitates 3343: 1-38.
  • Gao, K.-Q., and L. Hou. 1995. Iguanians from the Upper Cretaceous Djadochta Formation, Gobi Desert, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15: 57-78.
  • Gao, K.-Q., and L. Hou. 1996. Systematics and taxonomic diversity of squamates from the Upper Cretaceous Djadochta Formation, Bayan Manahu, Gobi Desert, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33: 578-598.
  • Gao, K.-Q., and M.A. Norell. 1998. Taxonomic revision of Carusia (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert and phylogenetic relationships of anguimorphan lizards. American Museum Novitates 3230: 1-51.
  • Gao, K.-Q., and M.A. Norell. 2000. Taxonomic composition and systematics of Late Cretaceous lizard assemblages from Ukhaa Tolgod and adjacent localities, Mongolian Gobi Desert. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 249: 1-118.
  • Gauthier, J.A. 1982. Fossil xenosaurid and anguid lizards from the early Eocene Wasatch Formation, southeast Wyoming, and a revision of the Anguioidea. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 21: 7-54.
  • Gauthier, J.A., R. Estes, and K. de Queiroz. 1988. A phylogenetic analysis of Lepidosauromorpha. In R. Estes and G. Pregill (editors), Phylogenetic relationships of the lizard families: 15-98. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Gilmore, C.W. 1942. Osteology of Polyglyphanodon, an Upper Cretaceous lizard from Utah. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 92: 229-265.
  • Gilmore, C.W. 1943. Fossil lizards of Mongolia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 81: 361-384.
  • Gradstein, F.M., F.P. Agterberg, J.G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, and S. Backstrom. 1999. On the Cretaceous time scale. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen 212: 3-14.
  • Grismer, L.L. 1988. Phylogeny, taxonomy, classification, and biogeography of eublepharid geckos. In R. Estes and G. Pregill (editors), Phylogenetic relationships of the lizard families: 369-469. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Harris, D.J., J.C. Marshall, and K.A. Crandall. 2001. Squamate relationships based on C- mos nuclear DNA sequences: increased taxon sampling improves bootstrap support. Amphibia- Reptilia 22: 235-242.
  • Harvey, M.B. 1993. Microstructure, ontogeny, and evolution of scale surfaces in xenosaurid lizards. Journal of Morphology 216: 161-177.
  • Hecht, M.K., and J. Costelli, Jr. 1969. The postcranial osteology of the lizard Shinisaurus: 1. the vertebral column. American Museum Novitates 2378: 1-21.
  • Hoffstetter, R. 1966. Les Sauria (5Lacertilia) du Jurassique superieur du Montsech (Espagne). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 7: 549-557.
  • Hoffstetter, R. 1967. Coup d'oeil sur les Sauriens (lacertiliens) des couches de Purbeck (Jurassique superieur d'Angleterre Resume d'un Memoire). Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 163: 349-371.
  • Kearney, M. 2003. Systematics of the Amphisbaenia (Lepidosauria: Squamata) based on morphological evidence from Recent and fossil forms. Herpetological Monographs 17: 1-74.
  • Kluge, A.G. 1967. Higher taxonomic categories of gekkonid lizards and their evolution. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135: 1-60.
  • Kluge, A.G. 1987. Cladistic relationships in the Gekkonoidea (Squamata, Sauria). Miscellaneous Publications: Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 173: 1-54.
  • Lee, M.S.Y. 1998. Convergent evolution and character correlation in burrowing reptiles: towards a resolution of squamate relationships. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 65: 369-453.
  • Lee, M.S.Y. 2000. Soft anatomy, diffuse homoplasy, and the relationships of lizards and snakes. Zoologica Scripta 29: 101-130.
  • Lee, M.S.Y. 2005. Squamate phylogeny, taxon sampling, and data congruence. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 5: 25-45.
  • Lee, M.S.Y., and M.W. Caldwell. 2000. Adriosaurus and the affinities of mosasaurs, dolichosaurs, and snakes. Journal of Paleontology 74: 915-937.
  • Loope, D.B., L. Dingus, and C.C. Swisher III. 1998. Life and death in a Late Cretaceous dune field, Nemegt Basin, Mongolia. Geology 26: 27-30.
  • Macey, J.R., A. Larson, N.B. Ananjeva, and T.J. Papenfuss. 1997. Evolutionary shifts in three major structural features of the mitochondrial genome among iguanian lizards. Journal of Molecular Evolution 44: 660-674.
  • Macey, J.R., J.A. SchulteII., A. Larson, N.B. Ananjeva, W. Yuezhao, R. Pethiyagoda, N. Rastegar-Pouyani, and T.J. Papenfuss. 2000. Evaluating trans-Tethys migration: an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 49: 233-256.
  • Maisano, J.A. 2003a. Gambelia wislizenii. http:// digimorph.org/specimens/Xantusia_henshawi/. Digital Morphology, Austin. Accessed 2005.
  • Maisano, J.A. 2003b. Dipsosaurus dorsalis. http:// digimorph.org/specimens/Dipsosaurus_dorsalis/. Digital Morphology, Austin. Accessed 2005.
  • Makovicky, P.J., and M. Norell. 2006. Yamaceratops dorngobiensis, a new primitive ceratopsian (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3530: 1-42.
  • McDowell, S.B., Jr., and C.M. Bogert. 1954. The systematic position of Lanthanotus and the affinities of the anguinomorphan lizards. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 105: 1-142.
  • McGuire, J.A. 1996. Phylogenetic systematics of crotaphytid lizards (Reptilia: Iguania: Crotaphytidae). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 32: 1-143.
  • Meszoely, C.A.M. 1970. North American fossil anguid lizards. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 139: 87-150.
  • Norell, M.A., and K. de Queiroz. 1991. The earliest iguanine lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) and its bearing on iguanine phylogeny. American Museum Novitates 2997: 1-16.
  • Norell, M.A., and K.-Q. Gao. 1997. Braincase and phylogenetic relationships of Estesia mongoliensis from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert and the recognition of a new clade of lizards. American Museum Novitates 3211: 1-25.
  • Norell, M.A., M.C. McKenna, and M.J. Novacek. 1992. Estesia mongoliensis, a new fossil varanoid from the Late Cretaceous Barun Goyot Formation of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3045: 1-24.
  • Oppel, M. 1811. Die Ordnungen, Familien, und Gattungen der Reptilien als Prodrom einer Naturgeschichte derselben. Munchen: Joseph Lindauer, 86 pp.
  • Pregill, G.K., J.A. Gauthier, and H.W. Greene. 1986. The evolution of helodermatid squamates, with description of a new taxon and an overview of Varanoidea. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 21: 167-202.
  • Reynoso, V.-H. 1996. A Middle Jurassic Sphenodon -like sphenodontian (Diapsida: Lepidosauria) from Huizachal Canyon, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16: 210-221.
  • Reynoso, V.-H. 2000. An unusual aquatic sphenodontian (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Tlayu Formation (Albian), central Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 74: 133-148.
  • Reynoso, V.-H., and G. Callison. 2000. A new scincomorph lizard from the Early Cretaceous of Puebla, Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 130: 183-212.
  • Rieppel, O. 1980a. The phylogeny of anguinimorph lizards. Basel: Naturforschenden Gesellshaft, 86 pp.
  • Rieppel, O. 1980b. The postcranial skeleton of Lanthanotus borneensis (Reptilia, Lacertilia). Amphibia-Reptilia 1: 95-112.
  • Rieppel, O. 1993. Patterns of diversity in the reptilian skull. In J. Hanken and B.K. Hall (editors), The skull: v. 2. Patterns of structural and systematic diversity: 344-390. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Rieppel, O., and H. Zaher. 2000. The braincases of mosasaurs and Varanus, and the relationships of snakes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 129: 489-514.
  • Romer, A.S. 1922. The locomotor apparatus of certain primitive and mammal-like reptiles. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 46: 517-606.
  • Romer, A.S. 1949. The vertebrate body. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 643 pp.
  • Romer, A.S. 1956. Osteology of the reptiles. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 772 pp.
  • Rougier, M.J., M.J. Novacek, M.C. McKenna, and J.R. Wible. 2001. Gobiconodonts from the Early Cretaceous of Oshih (Ashile), Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3348: 1-30.
  • Schulte, J.A., II., J.P. Valladares, and A. Larson. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships within Iguanidae inferred using molecular and morphological data and a phylogenetic taxonomy of iguanian lizards. Herpetologica 59: 399- 419.
  • Schwenk, K. 1988. Comparative morphology of the lepidosaur tongue and its relevance to squamate phylogeny. In R. Estes and G. Pregill (editors), Phylogenetic relationships of the lizard families: 569-597. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Sues, H.-D., N.H. Shubin, and P.E. Olsen. 1994. A new sphenodontian (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the McCoy Brook Formation (Lower Jurassic) of Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14: 327-340.
  • Sulimski, A. 1975. Macrocephalosauridae and Polyglyphanodontidae (Sauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 33: 25-102.
  • Sulimski, A. 1978. New data on the genus Adamisaurus Sulimski 1972 (Sauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 38: 43-56.
  • Swofford, D.L. 2001. PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, v. 4.0b10: Smithsonian Institution: Washington, DC.
  • Tchernov, E., O. Rieppel, H. Zaher, M.J. Polcyn, and L.L. Jacobs. 2000. A fossil snake with limbs. Science 287: 2010-2012.
  • Torres-Carvajal, O. 2003. Cranial osteology of the Andean lizard Stenocercus guentheri (Squamata: Tropiduridae) and its postembryonic development. Journal of Morphology 255: 94-113.
  • Townsend, T.M. 2002. Squamate molecular phylogenetics: Mitochondrial and nuclear perspectives. Ph.D. dissertation, Washington University, 282 pp.