Halopteris clarkei
Creators
Description
Halopteris clarkei (Nutting, 1900)
Fig. 13a
Plumularia gracilis Clarke, 1879: 246, pl. 5, figs. 29, 30 [permanently invalid junior primary homonym of Plumularia gracilis Murray, 1860].
Plumularia clarkei Nutting, 1900: 61, pl. 3, fig. 5 [replacement name for Plumularia gracilis Clarke, 1879].
Halopteris gracilis.— Schuchert, 1997: 110, fig. 39.
Type locality. Cuba: off Havana, 175 fathoms (320 m) (Clarke 1879: 247).
Voucher material. Off St. Lucie Inlet, 27°11.8’N, 79°57.3’W, 87 m, 04.x.1986, Johnson-Sea-Link, J028/JSL 2132, one colony with several cormidia, up to 3.3 cm high, without gonophores, coll. R. Roesch, ROMIZ B1096.
Remarks. This species was originally described as Plumularia gracilis by Clarke (1879). That binomen, a junior primary homonym of Plumularia gracilis Murray, 1860, is permanently invalid (ICZN Art. 57.2). Nutting (1900) proposed Plumularia clarkei as a replacement name for the species, now currently assigned to Halopteris Allman, 1877 as H. clarkei. Nutting provided a new name in the belief that the binomen P. gracilis was preoccupied in works by Blainville (1834: 479) and Lamarck (1836: 167). However, the species referred to as P. gracilis in both of those works, and earlier in Blainville (1830: 443), was originally founded as Aglaophenia gracilis Lamouroux, 1816, and secondary homonymy with Clarke’s (1879) P. gracilis no longer exists. Nutting, and later Stechow (1923), overlooked the more nomenclaturally important primary homonymy of P. gracilis Clarke, 1879 with Murray’s (1860) use of the same binomen for a species from California.
A detailed account of this hydroid (as Halopteris gracilis) is given by Schuchert (1997), whose material included the colonies from Florida examined here (ROMIZ B1096). Halopteris clarkei has been reported infrequently, and it is known only from the warm western North Atlantic. It is immediately distinguished from the sympatric H. diaphana (Heller, 1868) and H. alternata (Nutting, 1900) in having opposite instead of alternate hydrocladia.
Reported distribution. Atlantic coast of Florida. Off St. Lucie Inlet (Schuchert 1997).
Western Atlantic. Continental shelf of Georgia (Wenner et al. 1984) to Cuba (Clarke 1879), and including the southeastern Gulf of Mexico (Calder & Cairns 2009).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- ROMIZ
- Event date
- 1986-10-04
- Family
- Stypocaulaceae
- Genus
- Halopteris
- Kingdom
- Chromista
- Material sample ID
- B1096
- Order
- Sphacelariales
- Phylum
- Ochrophyta
- Scientific name authorship
- Nutting
- Species
- clarkei
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- holotype
- Verbatim event date
- 1986-10-04
- Taxonomic concept label
- Halopteris clarkei (Nutting, 1900) sec. Calder, 2013
References
- Nutting, C. C. (1900) American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum Special Bulletin, 4 (1), 1 - 285.
- Clarke, S. F. (1879) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream and Gulf of Mexico by Alexander Agassiz, 1877 - 78. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5, 239 - 252.
- Murray, A. (1860) Description of new Sertulariadae from the Californian coast. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 3, 5, 250 - 252.
- Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 309, 1 - 162.
- Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66.
- Blainville, H. M. D. de (1834) Manuel d'actinologie ou de zoophytologie. Levrault, Paris, 694 pp.
- Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de (1836) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Edition 2. Tome 2. Bailliere, Paris, 683 pp.
- Blainville, H. M. D. de (1830) Zoophytes, Zoophyta. In: Levrault, F. G. (Ed.), Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles ... par plusiers professeurs du Jardin du Roi, et des principales ecoles de Paris. Tome 60. Le Normant, Paris, 548 pp.
- Lamouroux, J. V. F. (1816) Histoire des polypiers coralligenes flexibles, vulgairement nommes zoophytes. F. Poisson, Caen, 560 pp.
- Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 47, 29 - 270.
- Heller, C. (1868) Die Zoophyten und Echinodermen des Adriatischen Meeres. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 18, 1 - 88.
- Wenner, E. L., Hinde, P., Knott, D. M. & Van Dolah, R. F. (1984) A temporal and spatial study of invertebrate communities associated with hard-bottom habitats in the South Atlantic Bight. United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 18, 104 pp.
- Calder, D. R. & Cairns, S. D. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. & Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico. Origin, waters, and biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity. Texas A & M University Press, College Station, pp. 381 - 394.