From Nationalism to Multiculturalism: Ideology of Interethnic and Interreligious Relations Novels in Bali

This article discusses the ideology of Indonesian novels that represent inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations in Bali. The main question posed in this article is what ideology is contained behind the novels of interethnic and interreligious relations in Bali in Indonesian literature. There are 14 novels of interethnic and interreligious relations in Bali that are studied in this article, published from the 1930s to the 2010s. The novels were analyzed by Michel Foucault's theory of discourse power with the descriptive-analytic analysis method. The results of the analysis show that the novels of interethnic and interreligious relations in Bali imply two tendencies of ideas that underlie the birth of the text. First, there is an effort to sow the spirit of Indonesianness, especially in the novels of the colonial period. Second, awareness of the values of multiculturalism as a response to the multicultural facts of the nation. This awareness is strongly reflected in the novels of the post-reformation period.