Zolus subopacus Broun 1915

Zolus subopacus Broun, 1915, reinstated

Fig. 19, 66, 157

Zolus subopacus Broun, 1915: 277. Holotype: female (BMNH) labeled: “Type (circular red-bordered label; typed) / 3689. [female symbol] (hand-written) / New Zealand. Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482. (white label with red horizontal line; typed) / [OL] Ben Lomond. Dec.1912. (hand-written) / Zolus subopacus. [female symbol]. (hand-written).” Original combination reinstated

Oopterus subopacus: Jeannel 1940: 92.

Zolus subopacus: Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 79.

Oopterus subopacus: Larochelle and Larivière 2007: 45.

Description. Body length 7.1–7.7 mm. Head, pronotum, elytra, and abdomen mostly dark brown; apex of head reddish; lateral margins, suture, and apex of elytra reddish; abdomen reddish laterally and apically; antennae, palpi, and legs reddish; femora dark brown. Microsculpture very strong, isodiametric. Iridescence absent. Dull, without metallic luster. Head. Labrum strongly transverse, subtruncate anteriorly. Antennae subfiliform, very long: segment 1 (scape) moderately long, about 2x longer than its maximum width. Frontal furrows wide, shallow, convergent. Eyes strongly convex; two setiferous punctures on inner side of each eye. Tempora not inflated. Mentum: medial tooth entire, acute apically, moderately shorter than lateral lobes. Paraglossae membranous, prominent, about as long as ligula. Thorax. Pronotum slightly convex, impunctate, wrinkled across base, subquadrate, widest about middle; apex emarginate; anterolateral angles well developed, obtusely rounded; anterior bead incomplete, obsolete medially; sides moderately rounded, slightly sinuate posteriorly; lateral grooves very deep, very long (about as long as adjoining foveae); a single setiferous puncture on each side (posteriorly); posterolateral angles rectangular; posterolateral carinae blunt, very long (longer than adjoining foveae); laterobasal foveae well defined, impunctate, moderately deep, very wide, oblong, prolonged forward, simple; posterior bead absent; base emarginate, about as wide as pronotal apex and elytral base. Legs. Moderately long. Elytra. Moderately convex, subovate, widest about middle. Basal margin incomplete, reaching about interval 4. Shoulders obtuse. Sides moderately rounded. Scutellar striole obsolete. Striae almost complete, feebly impressed, shallow, finely punctate; stria 3 or interval 3 with three setiferous punctures. Recurrent stria long, sharp, directed apically toward stria 6. Intervals depressed. Sutural apices strongly rounded. Abdomen. Last visible sternum (sternum VII): male with two apical ambulatory setae; female with four apical ambulatory setae. Aedeagus. Lateral view (Fig. 66): unusually strongly arcuate, widest medially, narrowed in apical half; base strongly convex dorsally; middle strongly convex dorsally, strongly concave ventrally, with dorsal membranous area narrow (wide in other Zolus species) and short; apex slender, moderately concave dorsally, slightly concave ventrally, with extreme tip unusually slender. Dorsal view: moderately wide, asymmetrical (ostium of membranous area deflected to right); apex straight; basal orifice narrow, closed anteriorly, very distant from membranous area. Parameres with four apical setae.

Material examined. 59 specimens (AMNZ, BMNH, JNNZ, LUNZ, MONZ NZAC).

Geographic distribution (Fig. 157). South Island: CO, FD, OL, SL.

Ecology. Lowland, montane, subalpine. Epigean. Forests (beech, broadleaf, podocarp). Shaded ground. Nocturnal; hides during the day under logs, fallen trees, and stones. Gregarious.

Biology. Seasonality: December–March, August. Predacious (based on mouthpart morphology).

Dispersal power. Subapterous (incapable of flight). Moderate runner.

Collecting techniques. Lifting logs, fallen trees, and stones; pitfall trapping.

References. Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 79 (as Zolus subopacus; catalogue; biology, dispersal power, ecology, geographic distribution, references), 2007: 45, 118 (as Oopterus subopacus; taxonomy), 2016: 21 (as Oopterus subopacus; list).