Published July 7, 2021
| Version 1.0.2
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The Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Critical Review
Authors/Creators
- Holmes, Edward C1
- Goldstein, Stephen A2
- Rasmussen, Angela L3
- Robertson, David L4
- Crits-Christoph, Alexander5
- Wertheim, Joel O6
- Anthony, Simon J7
- Barclay, Wendy S8
- Boni, Maciej F9
- Doherty, Peter C10
- Farrar, Jeremy11
- Geoghegan, Jemma L12
- Jiang, Xiaowei13
- Leibowitz, Julian L14
- Neil, Stuart J D15
- Skern, Tim16
- Weiss, Susan R17
- Worobey, Michael18
- Andersen, Kristian G19
- Garry, Robert F20
- Rambaut, Andrew21
- 1. School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- 2. Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- 3. Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada
- 4. MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- 5. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
- 6. Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- 7. Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- 8. Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK
- 9. Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- 10. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- 11. The Wellcome Trust, London, NW1 2BE, UK
- 12. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- 13. Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU), Suzhou, China
- 14. Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77807, USA
- 15. Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
- 16. Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- 17. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- 18. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- 19. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- 20. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- 21. Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 FL, UK
Description
The Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Critical Review
Holmes et al.
Since the first reports of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, there has been intense interest in understanding how SARS-CoV-2 emerged in the human population. Recent debate has coalesced around two competing ideas: a “laboratory escape” scenario and zoonotic emergence. Here, we critically review the current scientific evidence that may help clarify the origin of SARS-CoV-2.
Computer readable versions of data tables, SVG maps, and acknowledgements of sequence data used are available from:
https://github.com/sars-cov-2-origins/critical-review
Notes
v1.0.2 corrects the location of the Baishazhou market. Maps have been rebuilt using OpenStreetMap data.