FIGURE 3. a–c Cladonia confusa. a in The Family Cladoniaceae (Lecanorales) in the Galapagos Islands

FIGURE 3. a–c Cladonia confusa. a thalli of both forms growing side by side, upper pale greenish yellow thallus of C. confusa f. confusa, lower, white thallus with brownish tinge of C. confusa f. bicolor (Bungartz 3985, 3986, scale 10 mm); b close-up of C. confusa f. bicolor, the epithet bicolor justified by the more brownish, sun-exposed parts and the whitish pale underside of the podetia (Bungartz 3986, scale 3 mm); c close-up of the UV+ chemotype of C. confusa f. confusa, the inset shows a predominantly trichotomous branching pattern and an arachnoid granular surface of the podetia (Nugra 261, scale 3 mm); d close-up of the UV– chemotype of C. confusa f. confusa, the inset shows a predominantly dichotomous branching pattern with a uneven podetial surface (Cavagnaro 26, scale 3 mm); e Cladonia corniculata (Sipman L-45, scale 5 mm); f Cladonia corymbites (Bungartz 8334, scale 3 mm).