Prevalence of conduct problems and social risk factors in ethnically diverse inner-city schools
Creators
- 1. Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK
- 2. Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK; Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
- 3. Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK; ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
- 4. Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK; National Childrens Bureau, London, UK
- 5. Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- 6. The McPin Foundation, London, UK
- 7. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- 8. Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK; ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK; ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
- 9. Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
Description
Background
In the UK, around 5% of 11–16-year olds experience conduct problems of clinical importance. However, there are limited data on prevalence of conduct problems by ethnic group, and how putative social risk factors may explain any variations in prevalence. This study has two main aims: (1) to estimate the prevalence and nature of conduct problems overall, and by ethnic group and gender, among adolescents in diverse inner-city London schools; (2) to assess the extent to which putative risk factors - racial discrimination, socioeconomic status, parental control, and troublesome friends - explain any observed differences in prevalence of conduct problems between ethnic groups.
Methods
This study uses baseline data from REACH, an accelerated cohort study of adolescent mental health in inner-city London. Self-report questionnaire data were collected on conduct problems and a range of distinct putative social risk factors (including racial discrimination, free school meals, troublesome friends, and parental care and control). A total of 4353 pupils, 51% girls, aged 11–14 participated. We estimated prevalence of conduct problems and used multilevel logistic regression to examine differences by ethnicity and gender and associations with putative risk factors.
Results
Prevalence of conduct problems in inner-city schools was around three times higher than reported in national studies (i.e., 16% [95%CI: 15·2–17·5] vs. 5% [95%CI 4·6–5·9]). Compared with overall prevalence, conduct problems were lower among Indian/Pakistani/Bangladeshi (RR: 0.53 [95% CI:0.31–0.87]) and white British (RR: 0.65 [0.51–0.82]) groups, and higher among black Caribbean (RR: 1.39 [95%CI:1.19–1.62]) and mixed white and black (RR: 1.29 [95% CI: 1.02–1.60]) groups. Risk of conduct problems was higher among those who were exposed to racial discrimination compared with those who were not (RR: 1.95 [95% CI: 1.59–2.31]).
Conclusions
Conduct problems are markedly more common in inner-city schools, and variations in the prevalence of conduct problems are, to some extent, rooted in modifiable social contexts and experiences, such as experiences of racial discrimination.
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Prevalence of conduct problems and social.pdf
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Additional details
Related works
- Is cited by
- Journal article: 10.1186/s12889-021-10834-5 (DOI)
- Journal article: PMC8091508 (pmcid)
- Journal article: 33941137 (PMID)