Cyllopus magellanicus Dana 1853

Cyllopus magellanicus Dana (Fig 36)

Cyllopus magellanicus Dana, 1853: 990–991, pl. 68, fig. 1a–g.

Cyllopus danae Bate, 1862: 308, pl. 50, fig. 3.

Vibilia macropis Bovallius, 1887a: 11.

Cyllopus batei Bovallius, 1887a: 11–12.

Cyllopus armatus Bovallius, 1887a: 11–12.

Cyllopus levis Bovallius, 1887a: 12.

Cyllopus hookeri Stebbing, 1888: 1296–1300.

Vibilia serrata Stewart, 1913: 248–250, pl. 4; pl. 5, figs 1–6.

Type material

The type of C. magellanicus could not be found at the USNM or in any other major North American museum and is considered lost. Although the description and figures by Dana (1853) are poor, they are sufficient to determine this species. The type locality is Orange Bay, Tierra del Fuego, on Fucus (a brown alga).

Type material of synonyms

The type of C. danae could not be found at the BMNH or MNHN and is considered lost. However, the description and figures by Bate (1862) readily identify it with C. magellanicus.

Type material of V. macropis, C. batei, C. armatus and C. levis could not be located at the SMNH, ZMUC or in Uppsala and is considered lost. Although Bovallius (1887a) provided only brief descriptions of these species, he provided more information and figures in his monographs (Bovallius 1887 c, 1889) enabling one to determine them as synonyms of C. magellanicus. Hurley (1955) gave a detailed rational for maintaining C. macropus as a separate species, but he only had juvenile specimens (about 5 mm), and the characters he used to distinguish C. macropus from C. magellanicus are mainly as a result of ontogenetic changes (Weimann­Haass 1983).

The unique type of C. hookeri is in the BMNH (89.5.15.184). Although the specimen, on two microscope slides, is in poor condition, it appears to be the same as C. magellanicus. Stebbing (1888) relied on the inadequate description, and inaccurate drawings of Dana (1853) to distinguish his species.

Type material of V. serrata could not be located at the BMNH and is considered lost. However, it is clearly a synonym of C. magellanicus, judging by the description and figures of Stewart (1913), particularly of the gnathopods and pereopod 7.

Material examined (> 250 specimens)

Types. The unique type of C. hookeri from the South Atlantic (37º47’S, 30º20’W), surface, Challenger, 9th March 1876: on 2 microscope slides.

Other material examined. South Atlantic (mainly near Sth. Georgia): 25 lots (BMNH), 2 lots (USNM), 5 lots (ZMB), several lots (ZMUC), numerous specimens. South Pacific (near Tasman Sea): 9 lots (BMNH), 8 lots (SAMA), 1 lot (USNM), numerous specimens. Tasman Sea: 4 lots (ZMUC), numerous specimens.

Diagnosis

Body length up to 19 mm. Antennae 1 with slender, conical flagellum, with two, very small, terminal articles. Gnathopod 1 simple. Gnathopod 2; carpal process reaching to about middle of propodus. Pereopod 7 with oval basis. Uropod 1; endopod slightly longer than peduncle, sometimes reaching beyond U3.

Distribution

This is a relatively common species restricted to the cool­temperate and polar regions of the southern Hemisphere.