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Published June 21, 2021 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Catching the First Wave in the Pandemic: A Retrospective Evaluation of Chest CT Images for COVID-19

Creators

  • 1. Department of Radiology, Mehmet Akif Inan Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
  • 2. Department of General Surgery, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
  • 3. Department of Radiology, 19 Mayıs Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
  • 4. Department of Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Description

Abstract

Pandemics generally begin in small areas and subsequently spread widely. In order to detect an outbreak in its early stage, observation of the data for small regions is important. The aim of this study to investigate the presence of COVID-19-like pneumonia findings in computed tomography (CT) taken before the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. The chest CTs performed in our hospital between December 1, 2019 and March 10, 2020 (study group) and those performed between December 1, 2018 and March 10, 2019 (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 1,432 chest CT images in the study group and 1,443 chest CT images in the control group were evaluated for COVID-19. The lesion characteristics on CT, length of hospital stay (LOS), and mortality rate were investigated. Typical lung involvement defined for COVID-19 was present in 1.39% (n=20/1,432) of CTs in the study group and 0.49% (n=7/1,443) in the control group (p=0.011). Seventy-five percent (n=15/20) of the study group were male, and the mean age of the patients was 51.8 (±17.1) years. All the patients in the study group had at least one of the symptoms of COVID-19, such as fever, cough, and respiratory distress. Ninety percent (n=18/20) of the patients in the study group had ground-glass opacities that showed a predominantly peripheral distribution. Five of these had accompanying consolidation and one had a reverse halo sign. According to clinical records, in-hospital mortality developed in seven of 20 patients (35%), the LOS was 5.5±6.2 days, and the median time from the symptom onset to admission was 4 (range: 1-12) days. Our study reveals that the onset of COVID-19 or a similar disease is more likely to occur earlier than first reported in the country.

Özet

Pandemiler genellikle küçük alanlarda başlar ve daha sonra geniş bir alana yayılırlar. Bir salgını erken aşamada tespit etmek için küçük bölgelerdeki verilerin gözlemlenmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'de COVID-19 pandemisinden önce çekilen bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) görüntülerinde COVID-19 benzeri pnömoni bulgularının varlığını araştırmaktır. Hastanemizde 1 Aralık 2019-10 Mart 2020 (çalışma grubu) ve 1 Aralık 2018-10 Mart 2019 (kontrol grubu) tarihleri arasında yapılan göğüs BT'leri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Çalışma grubundaki toplam 1.432 göğüs BT görüntüsü ve kontrol grubundaki 1.443 göğüs BT görüntüsü COVID-19 için değerlendirildi. BT'de lezyon özellikleri, hastanede yatış süresi (HYS) ve mortalite oranı araştırıldı. COVID-19 için tanımlanan tipik akciğer tutulumu, çalışma grubundaki BT'lerin %1.39'unda (n=20/1,432) ve kontrol grubunun %0.49'unda (n=7/1,443) mevcuttu (p=0.011). Çalışma grubunun yüzde yetmiş beşi (n=15/20) erkek olup, hastaların yaş ortalaması 51.8’dir (±17,1). Çalışma grubundaki tüm hastalarda ateş, öksürük ve solunum sıkıntısı gibi COVID-19 semptomlarından en az biri vardı. Çalışma grubundaki hastaların yüzde doksanı (n=18/20) ağırlıklı olarak periferik dağılım gösteren buzlu cam opasitelerine sahipti. Bunlardan beşinde bu bulgulara konsolidasyon eşlik ederken ve birinde ters hale işareti vardı. Klinik kayıtlara göre 20 hastanın yedisinde (%35) hastane içi mortalite gelişti, HYS 5.5±6.2 gün ve semptom başlangıcından başvuruya kadar geçen medyan süre 4 (aralık: 1-12) gündü. Çalışmamız, COVID-19 veya benzeri bir hastalığın başlangıcının ülkemizde ilk bildirilenden daha erken ortaya çıkma olasılığının yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Notes

Pandemide İlk Dalgayı Yakalamak: COVID-19 için Göğüs BT Görüntülerinin Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi

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Additional details

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