Non-Invasive Electrochemical Biosensors Operating in Human Physiological Fluids
Description
Non-invasive healthcare technologies are an important part of research and development
nowadays due to the low cost and convenience oered to both healthcare receivers and providers.
This work overviews the recent advances in the field of non-invasive electrochemical biosensors
operating in secreted human physiological fluids, viz. tears, sweat, saliva, and urine. Described
electrochemical devices are based on dierent electrochemical techniques, viz. amperometry,
coulometry, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Challenges that confront researchers
in this exciting area and key requirements for biodevices are discussed. It is concluded that the
field of non-invasive sensing of biomarkers in bodily fluid is highly convoluted. Nonetheless, if the
drawbacks are appropriately addressed, and the pitfalls are adroitly circumvented, the approach will
most certainly disrupt current clinical and self-monitoring practices.
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