Published March 17, 2021
| Version v1
Taxonomic treatment
Open
Prionace glauca
Description
Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758)
Blue Shark
Squalus glaucus Linnaeus, 1758: 235. No types known. Type locality: northeastern Atlantic (localities include England and Italy).
Local synonymy: Carcharias (Prionodon) glaucus: Lampe, 1914: 213. Carcharhinus glaucus: Barnard, 1925: 26; Barnard, 1947: 9. Glyphis glaucus: Fowler, 1936: 54, fig. 13; Fowler, 1941: 178; Smith, 1949a: 42, fig. 10; D’Aubrey, 1964a: 24, pl. 10; Smith, 1965: 42, fig. 10. Eulamia glaucus: von Bonde, 1934: 14. Prionace glauca: Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948b: 282; D’Aubrey, 1964a: 24, pl. 10; Bass et al., 1975b: 32, fig. 20, pl. 6; Compagno, 1984b: 521, fig.; Bass et al., 1986: 84, fig. 9.32, pl. 1; Compagno, 1988a: 349; Compagno et al., 1989: 70, pl.; Compagno et al., 1991: 88; Compagno, 1999: 120; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 61; Compagno et al., 2005: 316, fig., pl. 51; Ebert et al., 2013 a: 495, fig., pl. 62; Mann, 2013: 42; NPOA, 2013: 43; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 27, fig.; da Silva et al., 2015: 246; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 146; Compagno, 2016: 1323; Weigmann, 2016: 861.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 6123 [ex ORI 1722], SAIAB 25716, SAIAB 27167, SAIAB 44228, SAIAB 46921, SAIAB 51222.
South African distribution: Entire coastline from the Orange River (NC) to the KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: Prionace glauca has one of the widest known ranges of any cartilaginous fish and occurs in all temperate and most subtropical seas. Off the west coast, it is quite abundant and appears to migrate around the south Atlantic between the African and South American continents depending on the size, sex, and life stage (da Silva et al., 2010).
Conservation status: NT (2019).
Notes
Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
Files
Files
(3.1 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:8c786ba753caf1977da6477dc3c4fe23
|
3.1 kB | Download |
System files
(25.1 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:2337a57f9c6bb742e7b862ea78242831
|
25.1 kB | Download |
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Carcharhinidae
- Genus
- Prionace
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Carcharhiniformes
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Scientific name authorship
- Linnaeus
- Species
- glauca
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) sec. Ebert, Wintner & Kyne, 2021
References
- Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542
- Lampe, M. 1914. Die fische der Deutschen S ʾ dpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. 3. Die hochsee- und k ʾ stenfische. Deutsch S ̡ dpolar-Expedition, 15 (2), 203 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148
- Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418.
- Barnard, K. H. (1947) A Pictorial Guide to South African Fishes. Marine and Freshwater. Maskew Miller Ltd, Cape Town, 226 pp.
- Fowler, H. W. (1936) The marine fishes of West Africa based on the collection of the American Museum Congo expedition, 1909 - 1915. Part 1. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 70 (1), 1 - 605.
- Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer " Albatross " in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp.
- D'Aubrey, J. D. (1964 a) Preliminary guide to the sharks found off the east coast of South Africa. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 8, 1 - 95.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp.
- von Bonde, C. (1934) Shark fishing as an industry. Union of South Africa, Department of Commerce and Industry, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Investigational Report, Series 2, 1 - 19.
- Bigelow, H. B. & Schroeder, W. C. (1948 b) Sharks. Fishes of the Western North Atlantic Part 1. Memoirs of the Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Series 1, 1, 56 - 576.
- Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 b) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. III. The families Carcharhinidae (excluding Mustelus and Carcharhinus) and Sphyrnidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 38, 1 - 100.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 b) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655.
- Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1988 a) Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 486 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406
- Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp.
- Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp.
- Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp.
- Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343.
- NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp.
- Ebert, D. A. & Dando, M. (2014) On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. SmartFish Programme, FAO, Rome & Indian Ocean Commission, Port Louis, 109 pp.
- da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. & Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471
- Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730
- Compagno, L. J. V. (2016) Sharks. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 2. Bivalves, Gastropods, Hagfishes, Sharks, Batoid Fishes, and Chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1122 - 1336.
- Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874
- da Silva C., Kerwath, S. E., Wilke, C. G., Meyer, M. & Lamberth, S. J. (2010) First documented southern transatlantic migration of a blue shark Prionace glauca tagged off South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 3, 639 - 642. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2010.540777