«НЕСТАЧА» ТА «БАЖАННЯ»

Psychoanalytic criticism is based on the use of psychoanalytic techniques in the analysis of works of fiction. According to J. Lacan, the «unconscious» is not a chaos of words, but an ordered system as complex like the structure of language. I conclude that the unconscious of person has the structure of language: syntax, vocabulary, morphemes (gender differences). The aim of the study is to identify the mechanisms of «lack» and «desire», so that it is then possible to analyze other works of art to better understand the subconscious of a particular hero and the subconscious in general. «Desire», in my opinion, is the idea of realizing «something» between the will of the individual and his choice. «Lack» is the idea of the lack of «something», which does not allow to move from the will of the individual to his choice. The terms «desire» and «lack» can be explained by linguistic methods of analysis. In my opinion, «desire» and «lack» differ by «transition». In «desire» «transition» is possible (between will and choice), in «lack» «transition» is impossible. «Action» as a movement to fulfill a «desire» or «lack» is common to both.