Synthesis of Zinc Oxide, Titanium Dioxide and Magnesium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Their Prospective in Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Applications

The use of nanoparticles for the therapeutic purpose is gaining pronounced importance. In the
last two decades, a number of nanomedicines received regulatory approval and several showed
promises through clinical trials. In this content, it is important to synthesize nanoparticles from
various sources and to check its efficiency, especially its antibacterial activity. In today’s scenario
number nanomedicines are proving useful to control multidrug resistance and since the mechanism
of action of nanoparticles is totally different from the small molecules like antibiotics it obviates the
chances of drug resistance. In this review, we discussed three metal-based nanoparticles prepared
from various reducing sources namely Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle (ZnO NPs), Titanium Dioxide
Nanoparticle (TiO2
 NPs) and Magnesium Dioxide Nanoparticle (MnO2 NPs). The focus also made
towards the safety assessment of the several nanoparticles. In addition, the exact interaction of the
nanoparticles with the bacterial cell surface and the resultant changes also been highlighted. The
review put forward the sources, method, and antibacterial success of these nanoparticles so that
future nanomedicines could be put forward.