Orcinus orca
Description
Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758) —Killer Whale, orca
Delphinus orca Linnaeus, 1758 p.77; Type locality- eastern North Atlantic (European Seas).
Orca ater Cope, 1869 p.22; Type locality- North Pacific (Oregon to Aleutian Islands).
Orca pacifica Gray, 1870 p.76; Type locality- North Pacific.
Orcinus orca : Kuroda, 1938 p.18; Won, 1958 p.435; Won, 1967 p.85; Won, 1968 p.227; Kim et al., 2000 p.84; Kim, 2004 p.237.
Range: Incidental catches of O. orca occurred in the East Sea and around Jeju Island (Cetacean Research Institute 2007; Fig. 93).
Remarks: The killer whale, an abundant, highly social species with reduced genetic variation, has no consistent geographical pattern of global diversity and no mtDNA variation within regional populations (Hoelzel et al. 2002). Because of range-wide low genetic diversity, the killer whale remains a monotypic species, even though two subspecies (resident killer whale and transient killer whale or Bigg’s killer whale) or three ecotypes have been proposed (Reeves & Read 2003; Morin et al. 2010). Compared to Antarctic and eastern North Pacific populations, which have three well-described ecotypes (Stevens et al. 1989; Pitman & Ensor 2003), populations of O. orca in the western North Pacific have been poorly studied. Both specialized piscivorous resident and mammal eating transient ecotypes inhabit the western North Pacific Ocean (Burdin et al. 2007; Pilot et al. 2010; Morin et al. 2010); the ecotype inhabiting seas around Korea remains uncertain.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Delphinidae
- Genus
- Orcinus
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Cetacea
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Scientific name authorship
- Linnaeus
- Species
- orca
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758) sec. Jo, Baccus & Koprowski, 2018
References
- Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Fol. 1. 10 th Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp. [in Latin]
- Cope, E. D. (1869) On the cetaceans of the western Coast of North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 21, 13 - 63.
- Gray, J. E. (1870) Notes on the skulls of the Genus Orca in the British Museum, and notice of a specimen of the genus from the Seychelles. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1870, 70 - 77.
- Kuroda, N. (1938) A list of the Japanese Mammals. Published by Author, Tokyo, 122 pp.
- Won, P. H. (1958) A hand list of Korean mammals. Bulletin of Kyung-Hee University, 1, 427 - 460.
- Won, P. H. (1967) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Fol. 7. Mammals. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 663 pp. [in Korean]
- Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]
- Kim, Z. G., Lee, J. U., Baik, C. I., Sohn, H. S., Park, C. S., Lee, D. W., Choi, K. H., Hong, B. Q., Kim, S. T., Park, J. H., Cho, Y. M., Cha, H. K. & Hwang, K. S. (2000) Whales and Dolphins off Korean Peninsula. National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan, 137 pp. [in Korean]
- Kim, Z. G. (2004) Suborder Pinnipedia & Order Cetacea. In: Won, B. O. (Ed.), The mammals of Korea. Dongbang Media Press, Seoul, pp. 184 - 254. [in Korean]
- Cetacean Research Institute (2007) Ecosystem Based Research of Cetacean Resources. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, 69 pp. [in Korean]
- Hoelzel, A. R., Natoli, A., Dahlheim, M. E., Olavarria, C., Baird, R. W. & Black, N. A. (2002) Low worldwide genetic diversity in the killer whale (Orcinus orca): implications for demographic history. Proceedings of the Royal Society Series B Biological Sciences, 269, 1467 - 1473. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2002.2033
- Reeves, R. R. & Read, A. J. (2003) Bottlenese dolphin, harbor porpoise, sperm whale and other toothed Cetaceans (Tursiops truncates, Phocoena phocoena, and Physeter microcephalus). In: Feldhamer, G. A., Thompson, B. C. & Chapman, J. A. (Eds.), Wild Mammals of North America: Biology, Management, and Conservation. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp. 397 - 423.
- Morin, P. A., Archer, F. I., Foote, A. D., Vilstrup, J., Allen, E. E., Wade, P., Durban, J. Parsons, K., Pitman, R., Li, L., Bouffard, P., Nielsen, S. C. A., Rasmussen, M. Willerslev, E. Thomas, M. Gilbert, P. & Harkins, T. (2010) Complete mitochondrial genome phylogeographic analysis of killer whales (Orcinus orca) indicates multiple species. Genome Research, 20, 908 - 916. https: // doi. org / 10.1101 / gr. 102954.109
- Stevens, T. A., Duffield, D. A., Asper, E. D., Hewlett, K. G., Bolz, A., Gage, L. J. & Bossart, G. D. (1989) Preliminary findings of restriction fragment differences in mitochondrial DNA among killer whales (Orcinus orca). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67, 2592 - 2595. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 89 - 365
- Pitman, R. L. & Ensor, P. (2003) Three forms of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Antarctic waters. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management, 5, 131 - 140.
- Burdin, A. M., Hoyt, E., Filatova, O. A., Ivkovich, T., Tarasyan, K. & Sato, H. (2007) Status of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Eastern Kamchatka (Russian Far East) based on photo-identification and acoustic studies. Preliminary results. IWC Report SC, 59 (SM 4), 1 - 11.
- Pilot, M., Dahlheim, M. E. & Hoelzel, A. R. (2010) Social cohesion among kin, gene flow without dispersal and the evolution of population genetic structure in the killer whale (Orcinus orca). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 23, 20 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1420 - 9101.2009.01887. x