Taxonomic notes on Euptychia modesta Butler, 1867, Neonympha alcinoe C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 and Euptychia pamela Hayward, 1957 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), with descriptions of three new genera, five new species and two new subspecies from Central and South America

The identity, status and taxonomic position of seven species of Neotropical satyrine butterflies are discussed and defined: Euptychia modesta Butler, 1867, Euptychia nebulosa Butler, 1867, Neonympha alcinoe C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867, Euptychia mimas Godman, 1905, Euptychia mimula Hayward, 1954, Euptychia pamela Hayward, 1957 and Cissia gomezi Singer, DeVries & Ehrlich, 1983. These taxa lately remained in genera such as Cissia Doubleday, 1848, Magneuptychia Forster, 1964 and Yphthimoides Forster, 1964. Based on the particular combination of selected morphological characters and comparative DNA analysis of these and other evidently related species, three new genera (with seven new combinations), five new species and two new subspecies are proposed, diagnosed and described: Modestia Viloria & Benmesbah, gen. nov., with four taxa, M. modesta (Butler, 1867), comb. nov., M. gomezi (Singer, DeVries & Ehrlich, 1983), comb. nov., M. remypignoux Benmesbah & Viloria, sp. nov. and M. remypignoux shueyi Benmesbah & Viloria, ssp. nov.; Malaveria Viloria & Benmesbah, gen. nov., with nine taxa, M. alcinoe (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867), comb. nov., M. nebulosa (Butler, 1867), comb. nov., M. mimas (Godman, 1905), comb. nov., M. ballofi Benmesbah & Viloria, sp. nov., M. rodriguezi Benmesbah & Viloria, sp. nov., M. rodriguezi risaralda Benmesbah & Viloria, ssp. nov., M. bottoi Benmesbah & Viloria, sp. nov., M. duponti Benmesbah & Murienne, sp. nov. and M. mimula (Hayward, 1954), comb. nov.; and Koutalina Viloria & Murienne, gen. nov., for a single known species, K. pamela (Hayward, 1957), comb. nov. Lectotypes of Euptychia modesta, Neonympha alcinoe and Neonympha sylvina C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867, are designated. Variability in morphology and aspect of the male genitalia is discussed, as well as number of pupils in ocelli and the occasional presence of supernumerary anal ocellus on ventral hindwing.