Massicus raddei in NE

Key to parasitoids of Massicus raddei in NE China

1 Antenna with 11 antennomeres.......................................................................... 2

- Antenna with more than 12 antennomeres................................................................. 3

2 Middle coxa inserted anterior of midline of mesopleuron (mesosternum very short) (Fig. 1A in Yang et al. 2013); gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoid........................................................... Cerchysiella raddei Yang

- Middle coxa inserted distinctly posterior to midline of mesopleuron (mesosternum relatively long) (Fig. 15C); solitary koinobiont ectoparasitoid........................................................................ Metapelma sp.

3 Fore wing without vein 1-SR+M, with compound 1 st submarginal cell and 1 st discal cell present....................... 4

- Fore wing with vein 1-SR+M separating 1 st submarginal cell and 1 st discal cell..................................... 5

4 Mesoscutum with irregular sharp transverse rugae (Fig. 1B)....................... Megarhyssa praecellens (Tosquinet)

- Mesoscutum without wrinkles.............................................. Xorides (X.) sepulchralis (Holmgren)

5 Occipital carina present (Fig. 2B)........................................................................ 6

- Occipital carina absent (Fig. 10C)....................................................................... 11

6 Fore wing without vein r-m (Fig. 3D)................................................ Eubazus (E.) pallipes Nees

- Fore wing with vein r-m, although sometimes it is less sclerotized (Fig. 14E)..................................... 7

7 Hind coxa with two processes dorsally (anterior one long and posterior one short) (Fig. 35 in Cao et al. 2015)......................................................................................... Zombrus bicolor (Enderlein)

- Hind coxa normal, without such processes (Fig. 14A)........................................................ 8

8 First tergite and basal part of 2 nd tergite sculptured, other tergites smooth (Figs 14, 21 in Cao et. al. 2015)............... 9

- First tergite completely sculptured, 2 nd tergite completely or partly sculptured, basal half of 3 rd tergite sculptured, 4 th and 5 th tergites more or less sculptured basally (Figs 13F, 14G)...................................................... 10

9 Vein m-cu of fore wing antefurcal (= entering 1 st submarginal cell; Fig. 9 in Cao et al.)....... Doryctes petiolatus Shestakov

- Vein m-cu of fore wing postfurcal (= entering 2 nd submarginal cell; Fig. 15 in Cao et al.)... Rhoptrocentrus piceus Marshall

10 Basal and posterior areas of 2 nd tergite smooth, subbasal area of 2 nd tergite, basal half of 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th tergites sculptured (Fig. 14G)..................................................................... Rhaconotus formosanus Watanabe

- Second tergite completely sculptured, basal half of 3 rd tergite and small basal area of 4 th tergite sculptured (Fig. 13F)......................................................................... Hypodoryctes fuga Belokobylskij & Chen

11 First subdiscal cell of fore wing oval, vein 2-CU1 curved (Fig. 11D)................... Megalommum tibiale (Ashmead)

- First subdiscal cell of fore wing parallel-sided, vein 2-CU1 straight (Figs 6D, 8D, 9C).............................. 12

12 Vein 1-CU1 of fore wing 0.4 × as long as vein 2-CU1 (Fig. 9C).................. Euurobracon yokahamae (Dalla Torre)

- Vein 1-CU1 of fore wing less than 0.1 × as long as vein 2-CU1 or invisible (Figs 6D, 8D, 12C)...................... 13

13 Second tergite without smooth triangular areas medio-basally and baso-laterally (Fig. 12D).... Iphiaulax impostor (Scopoli)

- Second tergite with smooth triangular areas medio-basally and baso-laterally (Figs 5C, 7H)......................... 14

14 Clypeus separated from face by a carina (Fig. 7D); notauli weak, nearly absent (Fig. 7G); vein 2-SR as long as vein 3-SR or nearly so (Fig. 8D).......................................... Pseudocyanopterus raddeivorus gen. nov. et sp. nov.

- Clypeus not separated from face by a carina (Fig. 4C); notauli only visible anteriorly (Fig. 4D); vein 3-SR of fore wing much longer than vein 2-SR (Fig. 6D).................................................. Cyanopterus tricolor (Ivanov)