Phyllodoce tamoya Oliveira & Magalhães & Lana 2021, sp. nov.

Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CE71FC45-A3C8-4B4A-BD22-AF408E157099

Figure 28

Anaitides tamoya Nonato, 1981: 77–79, no figures [unavailable in an unpublished work].—Amaral 1980: 84 [nomen nudum usage].—Amaral & Migotto 1980: 33, 35 [nomen nudum usage].— Amaral et al. 1994: 334 [nomen nudum usage].— Lana 1987: 1061 [nomen nudum usage].— Morgado & Amaral 1989: 540 [nomen nudum usage].— Pires-Vanin et al. 1997: 37 [nomen nudum usage].

Holotype. Atlantic Ocean, Margin of continental shelf in Campos Basin, Brazil, Hab 13 H03 R1, 21º43’10.3”S 40º11’30.7”W, 73 m, 09 Mar 2009 (ZUEC–POL 16391).

Paratypes. A total of 81 paratypes, length 11.9± 8.9 mm for 66.4 ± 36.4 segments. Paranaguá Bay, Paraná. From shallow sediments in Babitonga Bay, 26º53’S 48º37’W, muddy sediments, 2010 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16610); Paranaguá Bay, 25º32’48’’S 48º22’51’’W, Mar 2011 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16621); 25°33’18”S 48°23’57”W, Jul 2009, Intertidal (1 paratype, NHMD–865914); 26º53’S 48º37’W, Jul 2011, muddy sediments (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16620). Continental shelf in Campos Basin and Revizee Score South: Hab 11 B03 R3, 22º59’47.4”S 41º21’7.9”W, 78 m, 21 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16528); Hab 11 F04 R1, 22º12’37.5”S 40º13’18.7”W, 100 m, 24 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16448); Hab 11 F04 R3, 22º12’37.3”S 40º13’18.7”W, 99 m, 24 Feb 2009 (1 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16650); Hab 11 G02 R2, 21º59’3.7”S 40º25’10.1”W, 52 m, 25 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16368); Hab 11 G02 R3, 21º59’3.9”S 40º25’10.2”W, 52 m, 25 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16336); Hab 11 G02 R1, 21º59’4.2”S 40º25’10.1”W, 52 m, 25 Feb 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16646); Hab 11 G03 R2, 22º3’45.3”S 40º9’59.6”W, 60 m, 25 Feb 2009 (1 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16647); Hab 11 E02 R1, 22º6’56.2”S 40º38’58.2”W, 53 m, 26 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16356); Hab 11 D02 R2, 22º12’53.0”S 40º51’12.0”W, 52 m, 26 Feb 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16373); Hab 11D02 R02, 22º12’53.4”S 40º51’12.4”W, 52 m, 26 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, NHMD–865915); Hab 11 E02 R2, 22º6’55.7”S 40º38’58.2”W, 53 m, 26 Feb 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16433); Hab 11 B02 R1, 22º37’35,3”S 41º21’51.5”W, 53 m, 27 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16413); Hab 11 C02 R3, 22º37’31.8”S 41º21’51.8”W, 54 m, 27 Feb 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16439); Hab 11 A01 R2, 22º55’7.5”S 42º0’49.2”W, 29 m, 28 Feb 2009 (2 paratypes, NHMD–865940); Hab 11 A01 R2, 22º55’7.5”S 42º0’49.2”W, 29 m, 28 Feb 2009 (3 paratypes, NHMD–865919); Hab 11 A01 R3, 22º55’7.5”S 40º0’49.2”W, 29 m, 28 Feb 2009 (3 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16355); Hab 11 A01 R3, 22º55’7.5”S 42º0’49.2”W, 29 m, 28 Feb 2009 (1 paratype, NHMD–865939); Hab 13 Foz 29 R1, 21º24’43.6”S 40º25’18.6”W, 33 m, 7 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16667); Hab 13 Foz 29 R2, 21º24’43.5”S 40º25’18.6”W, 33 m, 7 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16538); Hab 13 H02 R2, 21º44’19.3”S 40º17’15.5”W, 49 m, 9 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16401); Hab 13 H04 R1, 21º42’53.7”S 40º10’15.2”W, 98 m, 9 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16651); Hab 13 Foz 03 R1, 21º28’2.5”S 40º56’20.4”W, 16 m, 10 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16544); Hab 13 Foz 18 R3, 23º33’53.0”S 42º42’55.6”W, 21 m, 10 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16656); Hab 13 Foz 21 R3, 22º6’21.9”S 40º43’39.4”W, 47 m, 12 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16526); Hab 13 Foz 12 R3, 21º39’11.0”S 40º48’49.7”W, 22 m, 11 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16508); Hab 13 Foz 21 R1, 22º6’21.2”S 40º43’39.3”W, 47 m, 12 Mar 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16503); Hab 13 Foz 24 R2, 21º50’20.9”S 40º31’39.5”W, 27 m, 13 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16511); Hab 13 Foz 25 R2, 21º39’30.5”S 40º32’27.0”W, 28 m, 13 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16546); Hab 13 Foz 23 R3, 22º1’10.8”S 40º31’53.4”W, 49 m, 13 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16657); Hab 13 Foz 41 R1, 21º45’14.2”S 40º14’7.9”W, 67 m, 14 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16549); Hab 13 Foz 41 R3, 21º45’13.9”S 40º14’7.1”W, 67 m, 14 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16551); Hab 13 D03 R1, 22º19’32.0”S 40º37’18.9”W, 75 m, 15 Mar 20 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16438); Hab 13 Foz 34 R2, 22º01’22.7”S 40º20’15.7”W, 59 m, 15 Mar 2009 (1 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16668); Hab 13 Foz 34 R3, 22º1’22.6”S 40º20’15.6”W, 60 m, 15 Mar 2009 (3 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16548); Hab 13 Foz 43 R3, 22º12’17.5”S 40º14’39.7”W, 97 m, 15 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16545); Hab 13 B01 R1, 22º41’47.0”S 40º53’46.4”W, 30 m, 16 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16450); Hab 13 B06 R2, 22º41’46.6”S 41º53’46.1”W, 30 m, 16 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16385); Hab 17 I02 R2, 21º22’58.3”S 40º19’41.2”W, 53 m, 21 Mar 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16547); Hab 11 D01 R2, 22º06’42.1”S 40º54’44.1”W, 29 m, 26 Mar 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16664); Hab 11 C02 R1, 22º37’32.0”S 41º21’52.0”W, 53 m, 27 Mar 2009 (1 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16666); Hab 16 B04 R3, 23º10’5.0”S 41º3’7.5”W, 107 m, 2 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16405); Hab 16 C04 R3, 22º52’2.1”S 40º57’29.0”W, 92 m, 3 Jul 2009 (3 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16419); Hab 16 E03 R1, 22º8’9.3”S 40º27’27.5”W, 65 m, 4 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16458); E03 R2. 22º8’9.2”S 40º27’27.7”W, 66 m, 4 July 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16507); Hab 16 F04 R2, 22º12’38.2”S 40º13’18.9”W, 99 m, 5 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16553); Hab 16 F03 R2, 22º7’43.3”S 40º18’46.3”W, 73 m, 6 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16509); Hab 16 H02 R2, 21º44’19.5”S 40º17’15.6”W, 50 m, 8 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16410); Hab 17 H01 R3, 22º55’8.6”S 40º0’49.5”W, 29 m, 15 Jul 2009 (1 paratypes, ZUEC–POL 16660); Hab 17 B02 R3, 22º45’49.0”S 41º45’33.3”W, 53 m, 16 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16465); Hab 17 Foz 09 R3, 22º11’34.7”S 40º55’24.9”W, 44 m, 17 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16440); Hab 17 F0z06 R1, 21º47’12.7”S 40º57’37.3”W, 16 m, 18 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16378); Hab 17 I02 R1, 21º22’58.7”S 40º19’44.4”W, 53 m, 21 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, NHMD–865941); Hab 17 I02 R3, 21º22’58.6”S 40º19’41.0”W, 53 m, 21 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16510); Hab 17 I03 R2, 21º23’38.2”S 40º15’38.6”W, 89 m, 21 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16423); Hab 17 I03 R2, 21º23’37.6”S 40º15’38.6”W, 88 m, 21 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16456); Hab17 Foz34 R3, 22º1’22.3”S 40º20’14.9”W, 60 m, 24 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC–POL 16594); AMBES7 D01 R1, 19º35’37.2”S 39º41’19.6”W, 21 m, 19 Jan 2012 (1 paratype, NHMD–86591942); AMBES7 D01 R2, 19º40’25.8”S 39º36’18.8”W, 34 m, 19 Jan 2012 (3 paratypes, NHMD–865943). Atlantic Ocean, Brazilian continental margin, Ilha Grande (Angra dos Reis), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21°19’S 40°57’W, 182—F2, 15 Jun 1967, in muddy sand bottoms with shell fragments (1 paratype, ColBioUSP-POL 00001).

Diagnosis. Proximal part of proboscis with non-papillated medio-dorsal area. Dorsal cirri of anterior segments cordiform; median segments with dorsal cirri abruptly truncated on distal ends.

Description. Holotype complete 2.0 mm long, 0.3 mm wide at median part of body including parapodia and excluding chaetae for 19 segments. Body elongated, dorso-ventrally flattened and gradually tapering posteriorly. Prostomium cordiform, longer than wider; antennae and palps inserted in protuberance well outlined anteriorly (Fig. 28A). Nuchal papilla rounded, visible dorsally. Paired frontal, antennae and palps cylindrical and similar in size. Antennae and palps about as long as prostomium. A pair of large eyes, dark brown, with lenses. Proboscis basally with 30 irregular rows of papillae, containing 6–13 conical papillae, separated by unpapillated medio-dorsal area; distal part with six longitudinal rows of large tubercles. Terminal ring of proboscis with about 18 oval papillae (Fig. 28B). First segment not visible dorsally. Four pairs of cylindrical tentacular cirri, biarticulate, with short cirrophores and long cirrostyles, arranged on first three segments. Tentacular cirri of segment 1, reaching segment 5. Dorsal and ventral tentacular cirri of segment 2, reaching segments 9 and 5, respectively. Dorsal tentacular cirri of segment 3 extending to segment 10. Neuropodia and ventral cirri from segment 3. Dorsal cirri with well-developed cirrophores having dorsal expansions and present from segment 4. Anterior dorsal cirri asymmetrical, cordiform, subrectangular medially, with rounded edges and truncated distal ends, and rounded posteriorly. Parapodial lobes shorter than dorsal cirri with light brown aciculae and bundles of chaetae. Prechaetal lobe bilobate, with symmetrical supra- and subacicular lobes. Postchaetal lobe rounded. Ventral cirri horizontally orientated in relation to parapodial lobe, from segment 3, asymmetrical and dorso-ventrally flattened; ventral cirri anteriorly rounded with pointed distal tips, conical and elongated thereafter (Fig. 28 C–F). Chaetae compound spinigerous, uniform, beginning from segment 4 (Fig. 28G). Chaetal shaft with rostrum surrounded by denticles; articles with serrated outer edges (Fig. 28 G–I). Pygidium with one pair of cylindrical anal cirri; anal cirri as long as last four segments (Fig. 28 J–L). Median pygidial papilla discreetly visible (Fig. 28L).

Colour. Preserved specimens are pale yellow to opaque, except for dark pigmentation on the anterior-lateral areas of the prostomium and median-dorsal inter-segmental areas (Fig. 28A).

Habitat. Muddy substrates from intertidal regions to up to 30 m.

Etymology. The species name is derived from the tupi-guarani term Tamuía (tamoya) as a reference to the indigenous people who lived in the Rio de Janeiro coastal region, Brazil. As a homage to the late Prof. Edmundo Nonato, we have decided to keep the original name given by him to this species in his unpublished dissertation (Nonato 1981).

Distribution. Type and additional examined material were collected in the continental shelf of Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro and Paranaguá Bay and Babitonga Bay in Paraná. There are several previous records attributed to Anaitides tamoya along the southern Brazilian coast (Rio de Janeiro, S„o Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states), as summarized in Amaral et al. (2012).

Remarks. Nonato (1981) described Anaitides tamoya Nonato, 1981 in his Ph.D. dissertation, which was never formally published. Therefore, this species name is unavailable because it fails to conform to Article 8 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999). This species is herein formally named as Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov..

Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov. is most similar to P. hartmanae Blake & Walton, 1977 from California but differs especially in regards to the presence of an anal papilla in the former and because, regardless of the size, the latter species always has two black dots on either side of the ventral midline in anterior segments. Phyllodoce hartmanae has a mid-dorsal spot on every segment; there may be another pigmented spot above the base of the parapodia on either side, however, P. tamoya sp. nov. lacks these ventral dots; whereas one species lacks pigment, the other has a continuous mid-dorsal line. The proportion and shape of the tentacular cirri, dorsal and ventral cirri seem to be roughly the same between P. hartmanae and P. tamoya sp. nov. but the former is much smaller than P. tamoya sp. nov.

Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov. is very similar to Phyllodoce sp. sensu Hartman (1968) except that the chaetae were described as beginning on segment 3 instead of 4 as in P. tamoya sp. nov. Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov. is closely related in morphology to Phyllodoce malmgreni Gravier, 1900, described from the Red Sea and other tropical and subtropical seas but the dorsal cirri from median parapodia are larger and more foliaceous in P. malmgreni.

P. tamoya sp. nov. differs from P. rosea by the presence in the latter of a prostomium with anterior depression, long ventral cirri, and slender and cuspidate (tooth-like) papillae. In addition, the new species differs from P, rosea, P. pettiboneae, and P. concava sp. nov. by the presence of cuspidate papillae. Eyes are absent in P. tamoya sp. nov. and present in P. concava sp. nov., P. lamella sp. nov., and P. ovalis sp. nov. In addition, P. tamoya sp. nov. differs from these species by the characteristics of the median-dorsal area of the proboscis and dorsal cirri. Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov. shares the presence of a median pygidial papilla with P. colorata sp. nov. Phyllodoce tamoya sp. nov. differs from P. medipapillata by the presence of foliaceous parapodial cirri and clavate anal cirri in the latter species (Blake 1988, 2001).