AGEING BRAIN AND ITS EFFECT'S - REVIEW

As our brains age , we tend to experience cognitive decline and are at greater risk of neurodegenerative disease and dementia. Aging of human brain is most incapacitating with its fallout on quality of life, general health and psychosocial implications.The aging of brain entails several structural biochemical and functional changes in brain as well as various cognitive changes . These changes that may affect on cognition behavior occur at molecular intracellular intercellular and neuronal tissue levels.

As we age, our brain shrink in volume particularly in frontal cortex, as our vasculature ages our BP rises the possibility of stroke and ischaemia increases and our white matter develop lesions, memory decline also occur with ageing and brain activation becomes more bilateral for memory task. While there is a strong evidence from cross sectional studies for a link between sensory acuity and cognitive performance in old age.

Therefore, the genetics, neurotransmitter, hormones all have a part to play in brain ageing the protective factor are healthy diet low moderate alcohol intake regular exercise. There are the most studies have focused on simple sensory measure (visual & auditory) perceptual activities  show a link with cognition. The review evidence given the importance of fully accounting for perception deficits and investigating brain decreasing multiple factor including changes in cerebral vasculature , causes cognitive decline.

Keywords: Alzheimer disease(AD), Mild cognitive impairment(MCI), cognition, perception.