STUDY TO DETERMINE THE VARIOUS TYPES OF INFECTION IN PRIMARY NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

Purpose: To determine the types of infections in primary nephrotic syndrome.

Study design: A case series.

Place and duration of study: In the Pediatric Department of Services Hospital, Lahore for one-year duration from November 2019 to November 2020.

Subjects and methods: The study included 100 patients with infections in primary nephrotic syndrome admitted to both departments. Children 1-15 years old, first developing nephrotic syndrome and meeting the criteria of the International Study of Kidney Diseases of Children (ISKDC) (generalized edema, severe proteinuria> 40 mg / m2 / h, Hypoalbuminemia <2.5 gm / dL, hypercholesterolemia> 250 mg / dL) were recorded in this study. Separate pro-forma was completed for each patient, which included an appropriate clinical history and examination, basic research, especially for case diagnosis and screening for signs of infection.

Results: Of the 100 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome infections, 56% were male and 44% female, most of the patients younger than 5 years of age. The most common infections in this study were acute respiratory infections and urinary tract infections, occurring in 47% and 25%, respectively. Diarrhea was responsible for 12%, skin infections 5%, peritonitis 3%, and other infections (sepsis, pulmonary tuberculosis, intestinal fever, meningitis, chickenpox) 8%. Edema was found in all patients, fever in 86 patients, cough in 47 patients, dysuria in 20, vomiting in 13, diarrhea in 12, abdominal pain in 06, skin infection in 05, dehydration in 03 and seizures in 02 patients.

Conclusion: Respiratory tract infection and urinary tract infection were two common infections in primary nephrotic syndrome.

Key words: primary nephrotic syndrome, acute respiratory infection, urinary tract infection