Anthomyza vockerothi Roháćek & Barber 2016, sp. nov.

Anthomyza vockerothi sp. nov.

(Figs 338, 340, 342, 357, 358, 361–375, 379)

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♂, “CAN: ON: Hwy #17, ~8.5kmNW Marathon, 16.vi.2007, KNBarber, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile with Carex sp. 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W ” and “ Holotypus ♂ Anthomyza vockerothi sp. n., J. Roháček & K. N. Barber det. 2014” (red). The specimen (dark form) is in perfect condition, with well visible gonostyli (see Fig. 340) (DEBU, intact). PARATYPES: CANADA: ALBERTA: Banff, 24.vi.1922, 1 ♀, C. B. D. Garrett leg., 11.vii.1924, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 12.vii.1924, 1 ♂, 21.vii.1924, 1 ♀, E. Hearle leg., 4500', 28.vii.1967, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. (all CNCI); Banff, 29.vi.1925, 2 ♀♀, 1.vii.1925, 1 ♂, 13.vi.1928, 1 ♀, O. Bryant leg. (USNM); 9.0 mi W Banff, 12.vii.1966, 1 ♂; 9.5 mi W Banff, 12.vii.1966, 1 ♂, both K. Valley leg.; Banff, Vermillion Lake, 4500', 17. viii.1925, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, O. Bryant leg. (all USNM); Banff Nat. Pk., 11 mi W Banff, 4500', 11.vii.1955, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, G. E. Shewell leg. (CNCI); Banff N. Pk., Mt. Eisenhower, 27.vii.1967, 1 ♂, B. A. Foote leg. (USNM, genit. prep.); ~21.9 km W Bearberry, Hwy #734, 51°56.18'N 115°11.76'W,sweeps, wet roadside, Equisetum ssuviatile, 24.vii.2008, 25 ♂♂ 19 ♀♀; ~ 22.7 km S Bellevue, Hwy 774, 49°22.62'N 114°22.58'W, sweeps, roadside ditch, mostly Carex spp., Equisetum, grasses, 17.vii.2011, 18 ♂♂ 13 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Bilby, 15.vii.1924, 1 ♂, O. Bryant leg. (CASC); Calgary, Fish Creek Prov. Pk., 50°55.61'N 114°07.43'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata & Equisetum ssuviatile, 12.vii.2011, 1 ♀, J. E. Swann & K. N. Barber leg. (BDUC); ~2.5 km SE Canmore, 51°03.42'N 115°16.46'W, sweeps, ditchside, mostly Equisetum ssuviatile, 25.vii.2008, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Cypress Hills Prov. Pk., Elkwater, 5.vii.2001, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, S. A. Marshall leg. (DEBU 00362461, -74); Dunvegan, north shore of Peace River, sweep vegetation along shoreline, 12.vii.1997, 16 ♂♂ 31 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0039627, -671, -683, -684, -699, -700, -707, -709–712, -715–720, -724, -725, -767, -769–772, -781–783, -799–802, -811–813, -815, -830–837, -842–844, -846); Dunvegan, n. shore of Peace River, sweep grasses at edge of agricultural neld, 13.vii.1997, 40 ♂♂ 27 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0039657, -670, -672–682, -685–698, -701, -702, -726–759, -762–765, 2 ♂♂ genit. prep.), 14.vii.1997, 1 ♂ 5 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0039827, -821–823, -845, -848), all T.A. Wheeler leg.; Edmonton, Ft. Edmonton Pk., 53°30.3'N 113°34.2'W, sweeps, veg. banks of N. Sask. R., 14.vii.1999, 13 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀ (1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); same locality but 53°30.32'N 113°34.29'W, sweeps, riverside vegetation, 21.vii.2008, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, sweeps, Equisetum palustre, Eleocharis sp., 21.vii.2008, 9 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, sweeps, Equisetum palustre, 21.vii.2008, 3 ♂♂, all K. N. Barber leg.; Elkwater Park, 31.vi.1952, 1 ♂, L. A. Konotopetz leg.; [Fort] McMurray, 6.vii.1953, 3 ♂♂, W. J. Brown leg., 11.vi.1953, 1 ♀, 22.vii.1953, 2 ♀♀, 30.vii.1953, 5 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀ (1 ♀ with head glued to pin), G. E. Ball leg. (all CNCI); 40 km S Grand Prairie, Hwy 40, on Carex, 7.vii.1987, 1 ♀, S. Marshall leg. (DEBU); Halfway Slough, 59°56.049'N 111°44.344'W, sweep, 5.vii.2012, 1 ♀, S. & K. Williamson leg. (BDUC); ~ 3.4 km SSW Hinton, Hwy #40, 53°21.27'N 117°37.32'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile, 22.vii.2008, 3 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀; ~ 4.4 km SSW Hinton, Hwy #40, 53°20.77'N 117°36.83'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile, Carex sp. [C. aquatilis], 22.vii.2008, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; ~ 15 km SSW Hinton, gas right-of-way nr. Wildhorse Lake P[rovincial] R[ecreation] A[rea], 53°16.65'N 117°44.57'W, sweeps, roadside Equisetum palustre, 23.vii.2008, 8 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); 2 mi S Jasper, 30.vii.1967, 1 ♀; 7 mi W Jasper, 30.vii.1967, 1 ♀, both S. Whitney leg. (both USNM); ~ 4.4 km NNE Kananaskis Village, Mt. Lorette Ponds, 50°58.11'N 115°06.59'W, sweeps, mostly Equisetum ssuviatile, 25.vii.2008, 6 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. (DEBU); Lake Louise, 23.vii.1938, 1 ♀, G. S. Walley leg. (CNCI); Slave Lake, 14.viii.1924, 1 ♀, O. Bryant leg. (CASC); Spray Valley P. Pk., 50°48.95'N 115°09.84'W, sweeps, fen, Carex utriculata ? and Poa sp., 13.vii.2011, 4 ♂♂ (DEBU 01502852–55); W.A. Switzer P. Pk., Hay River Rd. W., 53°31.94'N 117°50.06'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile, 22.vii.2011, 9 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (DEBU 01503814–24) all K. N. Barber leg.; 10 km N Whitecourt, Sakwatamau R., 54°12'03"N 115°46'40"W, sweep sedges & grass at upper beach, 18.vii.2003, 20 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0040382, -383, -387–390, -392, -393, -412–423, -425–430); same locality but Hwy 32 at Sakwatamau River, 54°10'N 115°42'W, sweep vegetation at river edge, 15.vii.1997, 7 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0039611– 622, -760, -761, -766, 1 ♂ genit. prep.), all T. A. Wheeler leg. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Atlin, 2200', 18.vii.1955, 1 ♀, 22.vii.1955, 1 ♀, 29.vii.1955, 2 ♀♀, 31.vii.1955, 1 ♂, 22.viii.1955, 1 ♀ (head glued to pin), B. A. Gibbard leg. (CNCI);Atlin L., Warm Bay, 29.v.1981, 1 ♀, R.A.Cannings leg. (RBCM ENT 991-20283); S of Atlin, Warm Springs, sweep vegetation at warm stream margin, 2.vi.1997, 5 ♂♂, T. A. Wheeler leg. (LEMQ 0039703–706, -713); same locality but sweep grasses in open neld near stream, 2.vi.1997, 1 ♂, S. Boucher leg. (LEMQ 0039775); 23 km S Atlin, Warm Spring, 59°23'N 133°32'W, sweep vegetation stream, 25.vi.1997, 5 ♂♂, T. A. Wheeler leg. (LEMQ 0039803, -16, -28, -29, -40); Banks Island, 53°34'18"N 130°31'31"W, inlet with brackish waterways & meadow of Carex, cinqfoils, Angelica, Juncus, 21.vi.2005, 1 ♀, C. Copley leg. (RBCM); Brisco, 19.vi.1932, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, O. B[ryant] leg. (USNM); vicinity Cache Creek, Highway 97, lake, 18.viii.1978, 1 ♀, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC); 26 mi W Castlegar, 4800', 10.vii.1988, 1 ♂, R. Hurley leg. (MTEC); Chilliwack Lake Rd., 46°06'N 121°36'W, 800 m, roadside vegetation, 15.vi.2000, 1 ♀, Goulet & Gillespie leg (DEBU 00278826); 18 km ENE Cranbrook, 49°33'N 115°29'W, 2700', swept/aspirated, lake bank, dry coniferous forest, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1527), 12.viii.2002, 7 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ (1 ♀ with head separated from body); ~ 3 km E Crowsnest Pass, Hwy #3, ~ 49°05'N ~ 117°00'W, swept/ aspirated, ditch & slope, Cyperaceae / Juncus, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1532), 3.viii.2002, 7 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, all M. v. Tschirnhaus leg. (all ZSMC, all in ethanol); Cultus Lake, 1.vii.1948, 1 ♂, 12.vii.1948, 1 ♀, 15.vii.1948, 2 ♂♂, 20.vii.1948, 2 ♂♂ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), 26.vii.1948, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), H. R. Foxlee leg.; Departure Bay, 2.vi.1925, 1 ♀, A. P. Macdougall leg. (all CNCI); Dundas Is., Boat Harbour, lake, 200 m inland, (I.R.32 B), 25.vii.1987, 1 ♂, C. Guppy leg. (RBCM ENT 987-374); E. C. Manning P. Pk., ~ 42 km SE Hope, Hwy #3, ~ 49°10'N ~ 120°57'W, 1352 m, swept/eclector, roadside veg. incl. Juncus, Carex, Equisetum, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1535), 16.viii.2002, 20 ♂♂ 13 ♀♀, M. v. Tschirnhaus leg. (ZSMC, in ethanol); Exchamsiks River, 58 km SW Terrace, 54°20.00'N 129°17.81'W, 18.viii.2008, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, S. E. Brooks leg. (CNCI); Fernie, Annex Pk., 49°30'43"N 115°04'07"W, 2.viii.2010, 6 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, S. M. Paiero leg. (DEBU 00334412, -13, -21, -23, -29, -35, -06, -25, -41, -45, -71, -85, -86); Fernie, Annex Pk., 49°30.72'N 115°04.13'W, sweeps, wet ditch, mostly Equisetum arvense & E. laevigatum, 17.vii.2011, 1 ♀, sweeps, wet ditch, Carex utriculata, 17.vii.2011, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, 18.vii.2011, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), 19. vii.2011, 2 ♂♂; Fernie, Annex Pk., 49°30.66'N 115°04.16'W, sweeps, pond margin, Carex utriculata, 18.vii.2011, 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, all K. N. Barber leg.(all CNCI); Klondike Hwy near Fraser, White Pass railway crossing, sweep grasses, 5.vii.1997, 12 ♂♂ 16 ♀♀, T. A. Wheeler leg. (LEMQ 0039776–780, -786–792, -794–798, -804–810, -817–820); Glacier N. Pk., Rogers Pass, creek margin, 30.vi.1968, 2 ♂♂, W.W. Wirth leg. (USNM); 11 km E Golden, waterfall, 15.vii.1974, 1 ♂, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC); ~ 2.9 km NNW Golden, Anderson Rd., 51°19.49'N 116°58.81'W, sweeps, roadside, mostly Equisetum ssuviatile & E. palustre, 19.vii.2011, 14 ♂♂ 17 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Graham Is., Lepas Bay, meadow above beach, 15.vii.1988, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, T. A. Wheeler leg. (DEBU); Graham Is., Queen Charlotte Is., Lepus [sic] Bay, intertidal, 15.vii.1988, 2 ♀♀, sand/intertidal, 15.vii.1988, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, S. A. Marshall leg. (DEBU); Graham Is., QCI, 3 mi S Pure L., 4.vii.1981, 1 ♀, G. G. E. Scudder leg. (UBCZ); Graham Is. near Queen Charlotte City, QCI, sweep, logging road, 10–23.vii.1988, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, S. A. Marshall leg. (DEBU, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); [Graham Is.], Queen Charlotte City, QCI, 6.viii.1957, 1 ♂, E. E. MacDougall leg. (CNCI); Graham Is., Rennell Sound at Gregory Ck., estuarine meadow, 17.vii.1988, 1 ♀, 18.vii.1988, 1 ♂; Graham Is., Slatechuck Mt., roadside sweep, 12.vii.1988, 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.), all T. A. Wheeler leg.; Graham Is., Queen Charlotte Is., Tlell River edge, 13.vii.1988, 1 ♀; Graham Is., QCI, Tow Hill, sweep above beach, 14.vii.1988, 1 ♀, both S. A. Marshall leg. (all DEBU); Haida Gwaii, 09U 305510 5940293, 4 m, (CC 09-03), 23.vii.2009, 1 ♂, R. Bennett, M. Connelly, C. & D. Copley, J. DeWaard, J. Heron, S. Kirk & J. Kiskelly leg. (RBCM ENT 009-005093); Hatzic Lake, 10.vii.1953, 5 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, 16.vii.1953, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, G. J. Spencer leg., 10.vii.1953, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, 18. vii.1953, 1 ♂, 20.vii.1953, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, 26.vii.1953, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, 30.vii.1953, 1 ♂, W. R. M. Mason leg.; 42 km NE Hope, CD1370, 2.viii.1991, 2 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, A. Borkent leg.; Horseshoe Bay, 0–300', 25.v.1961, 1 ♂, 30.v.1961, 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg.; Juskatla, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 12.vi.1957, 1 ♀, 14.vi.1957, 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg. (all CNCI); Kaslo, 29.v. [-], 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, 13.vi. [-], 1 ♂, H. G. Dyer leg., 11.vi. [-], 2 ♀♀, 25.vi. [-], 1 ♀, R. P. Currie leg.; Kaslo Cr., 18.vi. [-], 1 ♂ 1 ♀, R. P. Currie leg. (all USNM); Kimpton Creek, Hwy 93, 23.vi.1982, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, B. V. Peterson leg. (CNCI); Kinbasket Lake, BC Hydro drawdown study, Malaise trap (SDG 02-01), 13.vi.2008, 1 ♀, (WIL 83-01), 18.vii.2008, 2 ♂♂, (00 MCOT 01), 4–5.viii.2009, 3 ♀♀, (00 MCOT 15), 4–5.viii.2009, 1 ♀, (00 MLRT 01), 4–5.viii.2009, 2 ♀♀, (00MRFTb01), 10.vii.2010, 1 ♀, (00 MTRT 15), 4–5.viii.2009, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, (08 MCOT 15), 12.vi.2010, 1 ♀, (34 MLRT 01), 12–13.vii.2009, 1 ♀, (84 MCOT 01), 4–5.viii.2009, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, (84 MTRT 01), 4–5. viii.2009, 3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, (88 MCOT 01), 29–30.vii.2009, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, (88 MCOT 15), 29–30.vii.2009, 8 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, (91 MCOT 01), 10–11.vii.2009, 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, (91 MTRT 01), 10–11.vii.2009, 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, (91 MTRT 15), 10–11. vii.2009, 2 ♂♂ 14 ♀♀, pan trap (00MPRFTb15), 10.vii.2010, 1 ♀, Cooper Beauchesne &Assoc. Ltd. leg. (RBCM); ~ 7.9 km SE Valemount, edge of Kinbasket Lake, 52°46.70'N 119°10.44'W, sweeps, mixed graminoids & Equisetum, 23.vii.2011, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀; ~8.0 km SE Valemount, edge of Kinbasket Lake, 52°46.65'N 119°10.38'W, sweeps, mostly Carex utriculata, 23.vii.2011, 3 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀; ~ 9.6 km SE Valemount, edge of Kinbasket Lake, 52°45.74'N 119°09.68'W, sweeps, mostly Carex spp., 23.vii.2011, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, all K. N. Barber leg.; King Salmon L., 58°43'N 132°54'W, 1750', Carex, grass, Equisetum, beside lake, 3.vii.1960, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 17.vii.1960, 3 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, W. W. Moss leg., around camp veg‘n, garbage, 14.vii.1960, 1 ♀, in camp grounds, 4.viii.1960, 1 ♂, R. Pilfrey leg. (all CNCI); Kootenay Region, Arrow Lake, 11U 417725E 5513833N, sweeping/searching, 14.vii.2010, 1 ♀; same locality but 435 m, (EA 01 T), 11U 433823E 5549603N, pitfall trap, 21.v.2010, 1 ♀; same locality but 437 m, (BE 002), 11U 449421E 5623320N, sweeping/searching, 5.vi.2010, 1 ♂, all J. K. Sharkey (LGL Ltd.) leg. (all RBCM); Lac Le Jeune, 25.vi.1973, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, H. J. Teskey leg.; MacGillivray [sic McGillivray] Creek Game Reserve, near Chilliwack, 15.vi.1953, 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, 14.vii.1953, 1 ♀, G. J. Spencer leg., 15.vii.1953, 1 ♀, W. R. M. Mason leg.; Manning Pk., 6400', 29.vi.1973, 1 ♂, H. J. Teskey leg.; Masset, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 20.vii.1957, 1♀, E. E. MacDougall leg.; McQueen Lake, 10 mi N Kamloops, 18.vi.1973, 1 ♂, H. J. Teskey leg. (all CNCI); Merritt, Lundbom Lk., 1.5 km NE, 1.vii.1988, 1 ♂, G. E. Hutchings leg. (RBCM ENT 991-6111); Miracle Beach, nr. Oyster River, 11.vi.1955, 2 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), J. R. McGillis leg., 13.vi.1955, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, R. Coyles leg.; Mission City, 3.vi.1953, 2 ♂♂, 6.vi.1953, 1 ♀, 8.vi.1953, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, 18.vi.1953, 1 ♀, 22.vi.1953, 1 ♂, 28.vi.1953, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, W. R. M. Mason leg., 8.vi.1953, 1 ♂, 14.vi.1953, 2 ♀♀, 29.vi.1953, 1 ♀, E. Mason leg., 26.vii.1953, 1 ♀, 27.vii.1953, 1 ♂, G. J. Spencer leg. (all CNCI); Monashee, McIntyre L., 30.vi.1980, 1 ♂, R. A. Cannings leg. (RBCM); Moresby Camp, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 29.vi.1957, 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg. (CNCI, 2 ♂♂ genit. prep.); Moresby Is., Mosquito Lk., meadow nr. lake, 20.vii.1988, 5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, T.A. Wheeler leg. (DEBU, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Mt. Robson Prov.Pk., Hwy #16, small road towards Mt. Robson, 53°03'N 119°15'W, forest noor, swamp, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1519), 6.viii.2002, 2 ♂♂, M. v. Tschirnhaus leg. (ZSMC, in ethanol); Nanaimo, 2.vi.1955, 2 ♀♀, R. Coyles leg. (CNCI); Nanaimo, Buttertubs Marsh, sweeps in graminoids, 12.v.2005, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. Klymko leg. (DEBU 00258081, -82); Nanaimo Lakes, bog vegetation, 11.vi.1988, 1 ♂ (RBCM ENT 991-11699), forested area, 11.vi.1988, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (RBCM ENT 991-11819, -11821), G. E. Hutchings leg.; Nancy Greene Lake (Blueberry Creek), S of Hwy #3, ~ 24 km WSW Castlegar, ~ 49°14'N ~ 118°W, swept, aspirated, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1534), 14.viii.2002, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, M. v. Tschirnhaus leg. (ZSMC, in ethanol); Oliver, 20.iv.1923, 1 ♀, C. B. Garrett leg., 14.v.1959, 1 ♂, E. E. MacDougall leg. (CNCI); Parson, Crestbrook Rd., 51°03.68'N 116°39.06'W, sweeps, wet ditch, Carex utriculata with Equisetum palustre & E. × litorale, 18.vii.2011, 40 ♂♂ 40 ♀♀ (CNCI 37 ♂♂ 40 ♀♀, 1 ♂ genit. prep., SMOC 3 ♂♂), 19. vii.2011, 2 ♂♂, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); 37 km NE Pipe Pass, Highway 97, creek, 25.vi.1978, 1 ♀, P. H.Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC); Pitt Meadows, 15.v.1979, 1 ♀, G. G. E. Scudder leg. (UBCZ); Pitt Meadow[s], 16.vi.1960, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, A. Clancy leg.; Pitt Meadows, peat bog, 21.vii.1953, 1 ♀, G. J. Spencer leg.; Port Clements, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 20.vi.1957, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg.; Port Edward, 18.vii.1960, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, W. R. Richards leg.; 5 km NE Port Renfrew, CD1341, 5.vii.1991, 2 ♂♂ (1 ♂ genit.prep.),A. Borkent leg.(all CNCI); Prince George, noodplain, 50 sweeps, 2 ♂♂, 31.viii.1926, [no collector] (AMNH, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Prince Rupert, 4.vi.1960, 2 ♀♀, W. W. Moss leg., 18.vii.1960, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, W. R. Richards leg., Ledum / Kalmia bog, 4.vi.1960, 6 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, J. G. Chillcott leg., 4.vi.1960, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, R. Pilfrey leg., wet grassy marsh, 18.vii.1960, 1 ♂, C. H. Mann leg. (CNCI); Prince Rupert, 0–100 m, 7.vii.1970, 1 ♀, N. L. H. Krauss leg. (USNM); Princeton, 13.vii.1973, 1 ♀, H. J. Teskey leg. (CNCI); Prizzie L., QCI, 28.vii.1980, 1 ♂, J. Shepard leg. (RBCM ENT 991-20361); Qualicum, 19.vi.1955, 14 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.), 21.vi.1955, 6 ♂♂ 15 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), G. E. Shewell leg. (CNCI); Qualicum Beach, Little Qualicum River Estuary Regional Conservation Area, ex. Carex spp., 3.vi.1980, 1 ♀, Canadian Wildlife Service leg. (RBCM ENT 991-17145); Revelstoke, 2.vii.1973, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀, H. J. Teskey leg. (CNCI); Robson, 21.v.1953, 1 ♀, 13.v.1957, 1 ♀, 21.viii.1957, 1 ♂, 9.v.1958, 1 ♀, 13.v.1958, 1 ♀, 15.v.1958, 1 ♂, 7.vi.1960, 1 ♂, 14.vi.1960, 2 ♂♂ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), 27.vi.1964, 1 ♀, 5.vii.1967, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, H. R. Foxlee leg. (UBCZ); Hwy #3B, NNW Rossland, ~ 49°12'N ~ 117°53'W, 1575', swept/eclector, ditch with Juncus, Castilleja, (Universität Bielefeld, Ca1533), 14.viii.2002, 15 ♂♂ 12 ♀♀, M. v. Tschirnhaus leg. (ZSMC, in ethanol); Saanich, Rithet’s Bog, 21.vi.1988, 1 ♂, G. E. Hutchings leg.(RBCM ENT 991-11546); Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lk., shore, 13.vii.1949, 1 ♂, H. B. Leech leg. (CASC); Sawmill Lk., Telegraph Ck., 1100', Carex, grass, Equisetum, beside lake, 2.vii.1960, 1 ♀, R. Pilfrey leg.; 8 km NE Sicamous, CD1410, 22.v.1992, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, A. Borkent leg. (all CNCI); Silver Lake, Hope, 2.vii.1968, 1 ♀, W. W. Wirth leg. (USNM); Silver & Skagit Rd., 49°14'N 121°23'W to 49°08'N 121°15'W, 450–600 m, clover & nowers, 22.vi.2000, 1 ♀, Goulet & Gillespie leg. (DEBU 00278871, genit. prep.); Smith River Bridge, Alaska Hwy, DC-514, 11.viii.1978, 1 ♂, P.H.Arnaud Jr.leg.(CASC);Terrace, 9.vi.1960, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, R.J. Pilfrey leg. (DEBU); Terrace, 5.vi.1960, 1 ♂, 10.vi.1960, 1 ♀, 17.vii.1960, 1 ♀, C. H. Mann leg., 15.vii.1960, 3 ♂♂, 21.vii.1960, 2 ♂♂, W. R. M. Mason leg., 26.vii.1960, 1 ♀, W. R. Richards leg.; Terrace, marshy meadow, 11.vi.1960, 1 ♂ 5 ♀♀, J. G. Chillcott leg.; Terrace, under Skeena River bridge, 19.vii.1960, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, C. H. Mann leg., 220', 19.vii.1960, 1 ♂, B. Heming leg.; 10 mi W Terrace, farm plot, 13.vii.1960, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, C. H. Mann leg.; 32 mi SW Terrace, on Rubus species, 6.vi.1960, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), W. W. Moss leg.; 32 mi SW Terrace, 100', 13.vii.1960, 1 ♀, B. Heming leg.; 40 mi SW Terrace, marginal sedges, 9.vii.1960, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, J. G. Chillcott leg. (all CNCI); Gagnon Rd., 6 mi W Terrace, 13.vii.1960, 1 ♀, G. E. Shewell leg., 29.vi.1960, 1 ♂, in marshy clearing, 8.vi.1960, 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg.; Lakelse nr. Terrace, hot springs, 30.v.1960, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, J. G. Chillcott leg.; Lakelse nr. Terrace, 300', 14.vi.1960, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), W. W. Moss leg.; Lakelse Lake nr. Terrace, 300', 14.vi.1960, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, R. Pilfrey leg.; Lakelse Lake bog nr. Terrace, 14.vi.1960, 4 ♀♀, J. G. Chillcott leg., 14.vi.1960, 1 ♂, 11.vii.1960, 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, C. H. Mann leg.; Lakelse bog, 18 mi S Terrace, 11.vii.1960, 1 ♀, G. E. Shewell leg. (all CNCI); Remo, 7 mi SW Terrace, nowers of Heracleum, 13.vi.1960, 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg.; Shames, 17 mi W Terrace, 13.vii.1960, 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg.; Shames, 18 mi SW Terrace, 23.vi.1960, 1 ♂, 24.vii.1960, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, C. H. Mann leg.; Spring Creek, Terrace, 29.vi.1960, 1 ♂, J. G. Chillcott leg., 220', 3.vi.1960, 2 ♀♀, 11.vi.1960, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, R. Pilfrey leg.; Tlell, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 25.vi.1957, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 26.vi.1957, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, E. E. MacDougall leg.; Toad River Lodge, mi. 422 Alaska Hwy, 4500', 20.vii.1959, 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg. (all CNCI); Tsawwassen Beach, 7. vii.1962, 1 ♂, G. G. E. Scudder leg. (UBCZ, genit. prep.); 50 km E Vancouver, 3.vii.1988, 1 ♀, A. Freidberg leg. (TAUI); Vancouver, Point Grey, 21.viii.1972, 1 ♂, 9.ix.1972, 1 ♂, 24.iv.1973, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), 8.iv.1973, 1 ♂, 20.vii.1973, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, on tidal nat, 19.ix.1972, 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. (CNCI); Vancouver Is., Cowichan Bay, 12.vii.1924, 1 ♂, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM); Vancouver Is., Cowichan Lk., 17 km W Youbou, 48°55.34'N 124°24.30'W, ex. muddy pond margin, 10.viii.2008, 2 ♂♂; Vancouver Is., Mt. Washington area, trail to Battleship Lake, 49°43.90'N 125°18.84'W, 1150 m, 13.viii.2008, 1 ♀, all J. M. Cumming leg. (all CNCI); Zayas Is., bog near lake, 23.vii.1987, 1 ♂, C. Guppy leg. (RBCM ENT 987-138). MANITOBA: ~ 6 km SW Shilo, 49°45.19'N 99°41.28'W, edge of wet area, sweeps, incl. Equi. ssuviatile, Carex, Calamagrostis, Impatiens, 10.vii.2011, 4 ♂♂, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI). NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: Aklavik, 5.viii.1930, 1 ♀, O. Bryant leg. (CASC); Aklavik, Lot 110, 5. viii.1930, 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (USNM 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, SMOC 1 ♀ Sabrosky det. as A. gracilis), Lot 241, 24.vi.1931, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Lot 291, 2.vii.1931, 4 ♀♀, Lot 292, 5.vii.1931, 1 ♀, Lot 245, 8.vii.1931, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Lot 305, 18.vii.1932, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (1 ♂ Malloch det. as A. gracilis) (USNM), all Bryant leg.; [Fort] Good Hope, Mackenzie River (1929 Trip Lot 73), 23.viii.1929, 2 ♂♂, O. Bryant leg. (USNM 1 ♂, SMOC 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Hay River, 5.vii.1951, 1 ♂, P. R. Ehrlich leg.; Norman Wells, 2.vii.1969, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; Wrigley, 14.vi.1969, 9 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.); Yellowknife, road nr. Stock Lake, 16.vi.1966, 1 ♂, all G. E. Shewell leg. (all CNCI). ONTARIO: Dubreuilville, along Magpie River, 48°21.12'N 84°34.04'W, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile, Carex, 10.vii.2010, 2 ♂♂, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); same locality but sweeping Equisetum ssuviatile, Carex spp. on muddy river bank, 10.vii.2010, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. Roháček leg. (SMOC, 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Hwy #17, ~ 8.5 km NW Marathon, 48°47.69'N 86°26.07'W, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile, 12.viii.2006, 1 ♂ 1 ♀; same locality but 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile, 16.vi.2007, 29 ♂♂ 33 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), 31.vii.2008, 3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, sweeps, Equisetum ssuviatile on saturated gravel, 16.vi.2007, 16 ♂♂ 16 ♀♀ (all CNCI), sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile with Carex sp., 12.viii.2006, 33 ♂♂ 26 ♀♀ (CNCI 29 ♂♂ 22 ♀♀, SMOC 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀), 16.vi.2007, 121 ♂♂ 131 ♀♀ (AMNH, BDUC, BYUC, CLEV, CMNH, CSUC, DEBU, INHS, LACM, MCZN, MEMU, MTEC, NMPC, PMAE, SEMC, UBCZ, UGCA, USNM, WFBM 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ each; CNCI 45 ♂♂ 55 ♀♀), 26.viii.2007, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, sweeps, emergent Carex sp., 16.vi.2007, 9 ♂♂ 12 ♀♀ (CNCI), all K. N. Barber leg; Hwy #17, ~ 8.5 km NW Marathon, 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W, 28.iv.2012, ex Equisetum ssuviatile, [reared] misted daily, 22°C, 16L:8D, 60–70% RH, dry stalks on surface, bulk pails, [various emergence dates 14.v.–10.vi.2012], 27 ♂♂ 24 ♀♀; same locality and data but wet stalks on [sic! “near”] surface, bulk pails, [various emergence dates 15.v.–28.vi.2012], 51 ♂♂ 35 ♀♀; Hwy #17, ~ 8.5 km NW Marathon, 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W, 28.iv.2012, ex Equisetum ssuviatile, [reared - each with empty puparium in gelatin capsule] 22°C, 16L:8D, 60–70% RH, larva dissected: 29.iv.–1.v.2012, dry stalks on surface, puparium: 12.v.2012, adult: 23.v.2012, 1 ♀; same locality and data but wet stalks near surface, [various pupariation dates 3–19.v.2012 & emergence dates 14–29.v.2012], 6 ♂♂ 12 ♀♀, all K.N. Barber leg.(all CNCI); Moosonee, 51.27717°N 80.64778°W, Repl. 3 wet, Malaise trap, 19–22.vi.2010, 1 ♂; Moosonee, 51.28288°N 80.63926°W, Repl. 2 wet, Malaise trap, 16–19.vi.2010, 1 ♀, both NBP Field Party leg. (both LEMQ); Moosonee, 51°16.36'N 80°39.11'W, sweeps, railside ditch, mostly Equisetum ssuviatile, Carex spp., 11.vii.2014, 1 ♂, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Pancake Bay Prov. Park, 46°58.11'N 84°42.72'W, sweeping from boardwalk, mostly emergent sedges / Equisetum, 9.vii.2010, 9 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, J. Roháček leg. (SMOC, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ genit. prep., 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ photographed); Pancake Bay P. Pk., 46°58.11'N 84°42.72'W, sweeps from boardwalk, mostly emergent sedges / Equisetum, 17.vii.2004, 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (DEBU 01500316–21), 24.vii.2004, 5 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (DEBU 01500565–72), 2.viii.2004, 6 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀ (DEBU 01500859–71), 7.viii.2004, 5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (DEBU 01501078–84), 3.ix.2004, 1 ♀ (DEBU 01501323), 27.vi.2005, 64 ♂♂ 39 ♀♀ (DEBU 01501505–607), 16.vi.2007, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (DEBU 01501801–05), 7.vii.2007, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀ (DEBU 01501902–06), 29.v.2010, 6 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (DEBU 01502436–43); same locality but 46°58.10'N 84°42.71'W, sweeps, mostly Carex nr. wetland boardwalk, 24.vii.2004, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (DEBU 01500720, -21); same locality but 46°58.12'N 84°42.75'W, sweeps, mostly graminoids/ Typha near wetland boardwalk, 2.viii.2004, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (DEBU 01500964, -65), all K. N. Barber leg. QUEBEC: Great Whale River, 20.viii.1949, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. (CNCI). SASKATCHEWAN: Uranium City, 19.vi.1962, 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg. (CNCI). YUKON: 14 mi E Dawson, 1300', 1. viii.1962, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, P. J. Skitsko leg. (CNCI, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Dragon L., 21 km S on N. Canol Rd., 62°23'N 131°27'W, 11.vi.1981, 1 ♂; Eagle River, km 382 Dempster Hwy., 66°27'N 136°43'W, 21.vi.1981, 1 ♀, both C. Guppy leg. (both UBCZ); Alaska Hwy at Marsh Lake, Marsh Lake Campground, sweep vegetation at lake edge, 1.vii.1997, 1 ♀ (LEMQ 0039784); Alaska Hwy at M’[C]lintock River, 60°33.6'N 134°29.4'W, sweep river edge, 14.viii.1998, 3 ♂♂ (LEMQ 0039656, -664, -668); Alaska Hwy at M’Clintock River, sweep sedges at river edge, 4.vii.1997, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (LEMQ 0039825, -826, -847); Atlin Road, Snafu Creek Government Campground, sweep sedges along creek, 25.vi.1997, 1 ♀ (LEMQ 0039628), all T. A. Wheeler leg.; Takhini Hot springs, 31.v.1981, 2 ♂♂, L. Vasington & S. G. Cannings leg.; Tuchitua R., 6 km S on Campbell Hwy, 60°50'N 129°15'W, 13.vi.1981, 1 ♂, C. Guppy leg. (all UBCZ); Whitehorse, 20.viii.1959, 1 ♂, R. Madge leg. (CNCI); Whitehorse, Miles Canyon, 60°40'N 135°01.8'W, sweep grass/ sedges at Yukon River margin, 27.vii.1998, 2 ♂♂ (LEMQ 0039838, -39); Whitehorse, Robert Service Campground, Yukon River, sweep sedges at margin, 14.vi.1997, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0039768, -774, -785, -793); Alaska Highway at Yukon River crossing, 60°34'N 134°40'W, sweep grass/ sedges along river margin, 2.vii.1997, 17 ♂♂ 23 ♀♀ (LEMQ 0039624–26, -29–55, -58–63, -65–67, -69, 1 ♂ genit. prep.), all T. A. Wheeler leg.; Alaska Highway at Yukon River crossing, sweep sedges and grasses along river, 2.vii.1997, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀, S. Boucher leg. (LEMQ 0039708, -14, -21–23). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: ALASKA: Anchor River at Sterling Hwy, 1 ♀, 11.vii.1954, R. Coleman leg.(USNM);Anchorage, 15.vi.1921, 1 ♂, J. M.Aldrich leg. (USNM, 1 ♂ Aldrich det. as A. gracilis); Big Delta, 30.vi.1951, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Mason leg. (CNCI); Fairbanks, 4.vii.1921, 3 ♂♂, J. M.Aldrich leg.; Gulkana River, 19.3 km N Glenallen, 62°16.1'N 145°23.1'W, 9.vii.2006, 1 ♂, D. & W. N. Mathis leg. (all USNM); Homer, on marsh grass weed, 24.vii.1945, 1 ♂, J. C. Chamberlin leg. (OSAC, genit. prep.); Juneau, 15.vi.1979, 1 ♀, H. O. Lund leg. (UGCA); Juneau, 8.vi.1988, 1 ♂, F. Brodo leg. (CNCI, genit. prep.); Kenai, Arc Lake, 3.2 km W Soldotna, 60°27'N 151°06.3'W, 5.vii.2006, 3 ♂♂, D. & W. Mathis leg.; Kenai, Kenai Fjord N. Pk., Exit Glacier, 60°11.7'N 149°35.8'W, 30.vii.2002, 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Kenai, Lowell Point, 6.5 km S Seward, 60°03.9'N 149°26.6'W, 31.vii.2003, 1 ♂, all D. & W. N. Mathis leg. (all USNM); Kenai NWR [National Wildlife Reserve], ~ 0.5 mi E of Berg Lk., LTEMP [Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program] site 3271, wetland, sweep net sample, 20.vi.2004, 1 ♀, S. Grimes leg. (KNWR, ID:3873); Kenai Peninsula Borough, Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program, 3064, ~1/ 4 mi W of Chickaloon R. & ~ 3 mi S of Chickaloon Bay, Section 17, marsh at edge of Chickaloon Flats, sweep net sample, 15.vi.2006, 1 ♂, A. Wu leg. (KNWR, ID:6043); same locality and program, 3089, ~ 2 mi ENE of Snipe Lk., SE ¼ of Section 19, meadow, sweep net sample, 25.vi.2006, 1 ♂, T. Burke leg. (KNWR, ID:5787); Kenai River near Seward, 60°28'59"N 150°03'49"W, 16.vi.2005, 2 ♂♂, J. & R. Skevington leg. (CNCI, Diptera #884, 888); King Salmon, Naknek, on tundra, 20.vii.1952, 1 ♀; King Salmon, Naknek River, 6. vii.1952, 1 ♂, 13.vii.1952, 1 ♀, 19.vii.1952, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 23.vii.1952, 1 ♂, 31.vii.1952, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 1.viii.1952, 2 ♀♀, 4.viii.1952, 1 ♂, 11.viii.1952, 1 ♂, all W. R. Mason leg. (all CNCI); Savanoski, Naknek Lake, 2.vii.1919, 1 ♂, 25.vii.1919, 5 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Savanoski, Naknek Lake, National Geographic Society Katmai Expedition, 20.vii.1919, 1 ♂, all A. J. Basinger leg. (all CASC); Sebree Island, 22.vii.1965, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, D. M. DeLong leg.; Skagway, 3.vi.1921, 2 ♂♂, J. M.Aldrich leg.(all USNM); Skilak River at Skilak Lake, 60.3945°N 150.1325°W, 30.vi.2011, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, M. Bowser leg. (KNWR, 7560, -61, -63, -66); 6.5 km E Soldotna, 60°30.5'N 150°55.6'W, 1.viii.2003, 1 ♂, D. & W. N. Mathis leg. (USNM); Unalakleet, 10.vii.1961, 1 ♀, B. S. Heming leg. (CNCI); Valdez, Ruth Pond, 61°07.5'N 146°21.5'W, 8.vii.2006, 6 ♂♂, D. & W. N. Mathis leg.; Wrangell, 0– 50 m., [-]. vii.1970, 2 ♂♂, N. L H. Krauss leg. (all USNM). CALIFORNIA: Del Norte Co., Crescent City, Tell Blvd., N of Lake Earl, 41°50.80'N 124°12.30'W, sweeps, Juncus sp. in wet ditch, 2.vi.2009, 11 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Eureka, “5.6” [no other date], 1 ♂, H. S. Barber leg. (USNM, genit. prep.); Marin Co., Fort Cronkhite, 25.ix.1963, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, P. H.Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC); Mendocino Co., Inglenook Fen, dunes, 20–80', 6.ix.1972, 1 ♀, E. I. Schlinger & P. Rauch leg. (EMEC, UCIS- 215058); same localilty but fen area, 30–50', 11.viii.1972, 18 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀ (EMEC, UCIS- 215085, -087, -092, -093, 095, -105, -115, -130, -185, -196, -200, -208, -209, -223, -237, -308, -309, -314, -317, -319, -320, -341, -342, -523, -526, -527, -536, 5 ♂♂ genit. prep.), 22.viii.1972, 2 ♂♂ (EMEC, UCIS- 215633, -34, 1 ♂ genit. prep.), all E. I. Schlinger leg.; Mendocino Co., Inglenook Fen, N of Cleone, 24.vii.1975, 1 ♀, Powell leg.; Marin Co., 2 air mi W Inverness, 1.v.1976, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), J. Doyen & P. Rude leg. (both EMEC); Del Norte Co., Jedediah Smith Redwoods S. P., Enderts Beach, 41°41.99'N 124°08.52'W, sweeps, grasses on top of low bluff, 4.vi.2009, 1 ♀, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Humboldt Co., 1 mi W Kneeland, 27.vii.1969, 1 ♀, D. P. Levin leg. (LACM); Del Norte Co., Lake Earl Wildlife Area, 41°48.68'N 124°10.83'W, sweeps, grasses bordering nooded road/ marsh, 1.vi.2009, 12 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ (CNCI 9 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, 1 ♂ genit. prep., SMOC 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀); same locality but Cadra Pt. Trail, 41°48.50'N 124°12.27'W, sweeps, grasses nr. marshy border of lake, 5.vi.2009, 2 ♂♂ (both genit. prep.), all K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Humboldt Co., McKinleyville bog area nr. Azalea Avenue, 9.vii.1980, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, T. W. Davies leg. (CASC); Muir Beach, “6/8”.1950, 1 ♂ 5 ♀♀ (2 per pin); Orick, 18.ix.1934, 3 ♀♀, all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM); Humboldt Co., ~1.5 km W Orick, 41°17.02'N 124°05.44'W, sweeps, Juncus sp., standing water behind sand dune, 8.vi.2009, 18 ♂♂ 15 ♀♀ (CNCI 13 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂ genit. prep., CSCA 5 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀), sweeps, grasses, edge of standing water behind sand dune, 8.vi.2009, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (CNCI), K. N. Barber leg.; Marin Co., Point Reyes, 19.iv.1980, 15 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, S. A. Marshall leg. (DEBU, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Humboldt Co., Prairie Ck. Redwoods S. P., Davidson Rd. access, 41°19.27'N 124°02.45'W, sweeps, Scirpus sp.1, meadow edge, 8.vi.2009, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.); same locality but 41°19.29'N 124°02.38'W, sweeps, Scirpus sp.1, wet area, 8.vi.2009, 2 ♂♂, sweeps, Scirpus sp.2, wet area, 8.vi.2009, 2 ♂♂ (1 ♂ genit. prep.); Humboldt Co., Prairie Ck. Redwoods S. P., Elk Prairie Cmpgd., 41°21.63'N 124°01.73'W, sweeps, riparian Scirpus sp., 8.vi.2009, 1 ♀; Del Norte Co., ~ 8.3 km NW Requa, mouth of Wilson Ck., 41°36.29'N 124°06.04'W, sweeps, Eleocharis sp., creekside, 9.vi.2009, 12 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), sweeps, Scirpus sp., creekside, 9.vi.2009, 3 ♂♂, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Sagehen Creek, nr. Hobart Mills, 6500', 13.vii.1961, 1 ♂, J. G. Chillcott leg. (CNCI); Sierra Co., Sagehen Creek Field Station, 6. viii.1975, 1 ♀, M. E. Buelger & E. I. Schlinger leg. (EMEC); Smith River, 21.vii.1932, 1 ♀, 24.vii.1932, 1 ♀, J. M. Aldrich leg. (USNM); Placer Co., Tahoe Nat. Forest, Ward’s Canyon Meadow, 7.2 km SW Tahoe City, 2134 m, 22.vii.1983, 1 ♀, T. W. Davies leg. (CASC). COLORADO: Cameron Pass, 20.viii.1940, 1 ♀, G. F. Knowlton leg. (LACM); Summit Co., Frisco, 3.vii.2001, 1 ♂, I. S. Winkler leg. (BYUC, genit. prep.); Boulder County, Middle Boulder Creek, 16 km W Boulder, Hwy 119, 2280 m, 8.viii.1973, 1 ♂, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC, genit. prep.); 3 mi N Nederland, 8500', marshy stream margin, 2.vii.1961, 1 ♀; Jackson Co., Rabbit Ears Pass, 7.vii.1961, 1 ♀, both J. G. Chillcott leg. (both CNCI); Summit Co., Wheeler Junction, ponds nr. Tenmile Creek, 27.vi.1995, 1 ♀, S. Fitzgerald & A. Foley leg. (CSUC). IDAHO: Franklin Co., Beaver Creek, 14.vii.1977, 1 ♀, G. F. Knowlton leg. (LACM); Bovill, 17.vi.1911, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM); Camas Co., 28 mi E Featherville, 18.vi.1966, 1 ♀, M. A. Brusven leg. (WFBM); Boundary Co., Dawson Lake, 48°46.3'N 116°14.3'W, 885 m, 1 ♂, 3.vi.2006, W. N. Mathis leg. (USNM, genit. prep.); Blaine Co., Galena, 7600', 15.vii.1961, 2 ♂♂, B. H. Poole leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg. (CNCI); Latah Co., 7 mi N Harvard, 18.vi.1980, 1 ♂, G. C. Steyskal leg. (USNM); Idaho Co., Lola Pass, 2.vii.1977, 1 ♀, W. F. Barr leg.; Latah Co., Moscow Mt., “7-5”.1966, 1 ♂, H. C. Manis leg. (both WFBM); Boundary Co., Perkins Lake, 48°45.6'N 116°05.5'W, 760 m, 3.vi.2006, 2 ♂♂, W. N. Mathis leg. (USNM, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Priest Lake, [-]. viii.1919, 1 ♀, 22.viii.1919, 4 ♂♂, 3.ix.1919, 1 ♂, 20.viii.1920, 1 ♀; Priest Lake, Soldier Creek, 22.viii.1919, 2 ♀♀; Priest Lake, Tule Bay, 22.viii.1920, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM); Custer Co., Stanley, 20.vii.1965, 1 ♀, R. L. Westcott leg. (WFBM). MICHIGAN: Keweenaw Co., 27.vii.1953, 7 ♂♂ 1 ♀; Keweenaw Co., Isle Royale, 15., 17.vii.1938, 1 ♀, all G. Steyskal leg. (all USNM). MONTANA: Granite Co., No. 1, 22 mi WNW Anaconda, 3.vii.1959, 1 ♀, G. W. Byers leg. (SEMC); 1 mi W Big Fork, 25.vi.1967, 1 ♀, S. Whitney leg.; 2 mi W Big Fork, 9.vii.1967, 1 ♀, B. A. Foote leg.; 10 mi NW Big Fork, 8.vii.1966, 2 ♀♀, T. Krystowski leg. (all USNM); Lake Co., 2.3 E Bigfork, 9.viii.1972, 1 ♀, W. N. Mathis leg. (OSAC); 4.5 mi NE Polson, 31.vii.1966, 1 ♀, T. Krystowski leg. (USNM). OREGON: Brownsmead, 9.v.1936, 1 ♀, K. Gray leg.; Coos Co., Charleston, 27.v.1952, 1 ♀, V. Roth leg. (both OSAC); Deschutes Co., Deschutes River, 1 mi SW Pringle Falls, 4250', night trap, 31.vii.1970, 1 ♀, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC); Lane Co., 2 mi S Florence, 7.vii.1971, 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀; Lane Co., 8 mi S Florence, 7.vii.1971, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, 29.vi.1971, 2 ♂♂, all G. Steyskal leg. (all USNM); Lane Co., 2 mi S Florence, South Jetty Road, 7.vii.1971, 3 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀, Oman leg. (OSAC, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ genit. prep.); Benton Co., Mary’s Peak, ~ 14.2 km WSW Flynn, 44°30.63'N 123°33.15'W, sweeps, sedge meadow, 10.vi.2009, 3 ♀♀; same locality but 44°30.66'N 123°33.24'W, sweeps, sedge meadow, 10.vi.2009, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); Benton Co., McDonald Forest, 9.iv.1977, 1 ♀, S. Rolston leg. (OSAC); Grant Co., Moon Meadows, 12. vi.1939, 1 ♀, P. H. Arnaud leg.; Tillamook Co., 5 mi SSE Hebo, 11.vii.1971, 1 ♀, G. Steyskal leg. (both USNM); Tillamook Co., Little Nestucca River, 2 mi E Hwy 101, [no date], 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, J. D. Lattin leg. (OSAC, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Curry Co., Ophir, 42°33.34'N 124°23.48'W, sweeps, Eleocharis sp. in very wet area behind low dunes, 3. vi.2009, 28 ♂♂ 13 ♀♀ (CNCI 28 ♂♂ 11 ♀♀, 9 ♂♂ genit. prep., SMOC 2 ♀♀), sweeps, Carex sp. in moist sandy area behind low dunes, 3.vi.2009, 8 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (CNCI, 3 ♂♂ genit.prep.); Curry Co., Ophir, Coy Ck. Rd., 42°33.85'N 124°22.99'W, sweeps, mostly Scirpus sp., 3.vi.2009, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (CNCI), all K. N. Barber leg.; Tillamook Co., 2 mi SE Pacinc City, 1.v.1973, 1 ♀, J. D. Lattin leg. (OSAC); Curry Co., Samuel Boardman S. P., Lone Ranch Beach, 42°06.05'N 124°20.80'W,sweeps,veg.incl. Equisetum telmateia, 3.vi.2009, 1 ♀ (CNCI); same locality but 42°06.06'N 124°20.69'W, sweeps, mostly Equisetum telmateia, 3.vi.2009, 7 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (CNCI 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, SMOC 3 ♂♂); same locality but 42°06.07'N 124°20.76'W, sweeps, mostly Equisetum telmateia, 3.vi.2009, 15 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀, K. N. Barber leg. (CNCI); Tillamook Co., 0.9 mi W Sand Lake, 13.vi.1972, 1 ♀, Lattin leg.; Tillamook Co., 1 mi W Sand Lake, 13.vi.1972, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, W. N. Mathis leg. (all OSAC); Tillamook Co., 2 mi W Sand Lake, 1.v.1973, 3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, J. D. Lattin leg. (OSAC 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, DEBU 1 ♂ 1 ♀); Tillamook Co., 2½ mi W Sand Lake, 13.vi.1973, 3 ♀♀; Tillamook Co., 2 mi S Sand Lake, 13.vi.1973, 1 ♀, all W. N. Mathis leg.; Tillamook Co., 2½ mi S Sand Lake, 1.v.1973, 2 ♀♀, J. D. Lattin leg. (all OSAC); Waldport, 16.iv.1968, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, P. Oman leg. (1 ♂ genit. prep.); Lincoln Co., Waldport, 22.viii.1971, 1 ♀, Oman leg.; Yachats, 14.iv.1970, 1 ♀, P. Oman leg. (all OSAC). UTAH: Allen Canyon, 16.vii.1955, 1 ♂, S. L. Wood leg. (CNCI, genit. prep.); Cache Co., Ant Valley, 7.vii.1977, 1 ♀, G. F. Knowlton leg.; Weber Co., Beaver Creek, 7.vii.1977, 1 ♀, Knowlton & Hanson leg. (both LACM); Wasatch Co., 2 mi S Daniels Pass, 9.vii.1961, 8500', 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg. (CNCI, 2 ♂♂ genit. prep.); Cache Co., Franklin Basin, 13.viii.1974, 1 ♀, Knowlton & Hanson leg., 29.vi.1979, 1 ♀, G. F. Knowlton leg.; Cache Co., W. Hodges Canyon, 25–28.vii.1978, 1 ♀, Knowlton & Hanson leg.; Cache Co., Logan Canyon, 5.vi.1967, 1 ♂; Cache Co., Logan Canyon, Turner C.G. [campground], 15.vi.1984, 1 ♀, both G. F. Knowlton leg.; Cache Co., Logan River, 1.vii.1961, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀; Logan River, 1.vii.1961, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), all W. J. Hanson leg.; Cache Co., Tony Grove Jct., 14.vi.1983, 1 ♀, G. F.Knowlton leg.; Cache Co., Tony Grove Jct., Malaise trap, 12–19.vii.1983, 1 ♀, 23–30.viii.1983, 1 ♂, 3–11.vii.1984, 1 ♀, [no collector] (all LACM). WASHINGTON: Big Four Mt., 5.vii.1924, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM); Skamania Co., Carson, 6.viii.1951, 3 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, M.R.Wheeler leg.(AMNH, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ genit.prep.); Dartford, 17.v.1924, 1 ♂; Dewatto, 7.vi.1966, 2 ♀♀, all A. L. Melander leg.; Asotin Co., Fields Spr[ing] St. Pk., 10.vi.1980, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), G. C. Steyskal leg.; Pacinc Co., Ft. Canby St. Pk., 29.vi.1988, 1 ♀, W. N. & D. Mathis leg.; Friday Harbor, 29.v [?].1906, 1 ♀, J. M.Aldrich leg.; Hoquiam, 27.v.1917, 1 ♂, H. G. Dyer leg.; Pend Or[eille Co]., Ione, ca. 10 km W Rt. 20, 48°40.4'N 117°28.2'W, 975 m, 5.vi.2006, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀, W.N. Mathis leg. (all USNM); Lewis Co., Knuppenburg Lake, 17 km ENE Packwood, Hwy 12 mi. 149, 46°37'46"N 121°24'57"W, 1260 m, hemlock forest around lake, CJB04- 15, 11.vii. 2004, 1 ♀, C. J. Borkent leg. (LEMQ); Longmire, 27.vii.1935, 4 ♀♀; Mt. Constitution, 17.vii.1909, 8 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.), 22.vii.1909, 1 ♂, 31.vii.1909, 1 ♂, 7.viii.1909, 2 ♂♂, all A. L. Melander leg.; Mt. Constitution, 17.vii.1909, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. M. Aldrich leg., 17.vii.1909, 1 ♂, 31.vii.1909, 1 ♀, C. F. Baker leg., 7.viii.1909, 1 ♀, [no collector] (all USNM); Mt. Constitution, Orcas Id., 7.vii.1905, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, J. M. Aldrich leg. (USNM 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, SMOC 1 ♀); Mt. Rainier, Longmire, 20.vii.1922, 1 ♀, 30.vii.1922, 2 ♂♂; Mt. Rainier, White River, 20.vii.1924, 1 ♂ (genit. prep.), all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM); Olympic N. P., 2 mi on Hoh Rain Forest Rd., 1797/1, 29.vi.1988, 2 ♂♂, J.A. Downes leg. (CNCI); Olympic Nat.Park, Kalaloch, 8.vii.1968, 1 ♂, W. W. Wirth leg. (USNM); San Juan Co., Orcas Island, Moran St. Pk., Lily Pad Lake, 6.vii.1974, 1 ♂, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC, 1 ♂ genit. prep.); Palouse, 18.vi. [-], 1 ♂; Quilcene, 16.viii.1910, 1 ♀, both A. L. Melander leg.; Raymond, 23.viii.1951, 1 ♀, A. H. Sturtevant leg. (all USNM); Grays Harbor Co., Rayonier Park, 5 km N Humptulips, 27.vi.1974, 1 ♂, P. H.Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC); Seattle, 16.vi.1920, 1 ♂; South Bend, 23.v.1917, 4 ♀♀ (1 ♀ genit. prep.), all A. L. Melander leg.; Pend Oreille Co., Sullivan Lake, 27.vi.1968, 1 ♂, W. W. Wirth leg.; Pend Or[eille Co]., s. end Sullivan Lake, 48°47.3'N 117°17.1'W, 655 m, 5.vi.2006, 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, W. N. Mathis leg. (all USNM); Tacoma, 27.viii.1911, 3 ♀♀ (1 ♀ genit. prep., 1 ♀ with det. as Anthomyza tenuis Lw); Valleyford, 19. vi.1919, 1 ♀, 17.v.1924, 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (1 ♂ genit. prep.); Vashon, 28.v.1917, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM). WYOMING: Battle Lake Road, Sierra Madre Range, 8000', on side of stream, 18.vii.1961, 1 ♀, J. G. Chillcott leg. (CNCI); Yellowstone Pk., Lake, 18.vii.1923, 1 ♂; Yellowstone Pk., Old Faithful, 14.vii.1923, 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Yellowstone Pk., Roosevelt Sta., 5.vii.1923, 2 ♀♀; Yellowstone Pk., Spring Creek, 15.vii.1923, 1 ♂; Yellowstone Pk., Twin Lakes, 10.vii.1923, 1 ♂; Yellowstone Pk., Upper Basin, 13.vii.1923, 1 ♂; Yellowstone Pk., Yellowstone Lake, 23.vii.1934, 1 ♀, all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM).

Other material examined (not included in type series). CANADA: ALBERTA: Banff N. Pk., Mt. Eisenhower, 27.vii.1967, 1 ♀, B.A. Foote leg. (USNM, headless); Dunvegan, north shore of Peace River, sweep vegetation along shoreline, 12.vii.1997, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, T.A. Wheeler leg. (LEMQ 0039773, -814, -841, all headless). BRITISH COLUMBIA: Atlin, 2200', 7.vii.1955, 1 ♂, B.A. Gibbard leg. (headless); Hatzic Lake, 10.vi.1953, 1 ♀, G. J. Spencer leg. (tattered wings); Juskatla, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 14.vi.1957, 1 ♀, E. E. MacDougall leg. (1 wing attached to pin, other missing); Miracle Beach, nr. Oyster River, 11.vi.1955, 1 ♀, J. R. McGillis leg. (headless); Prince Rupert, Ledum / Kalmia bog, 4.vi.1960, 1 ♂, J. G. Chillcott leg. (headless); Qualicum, 19.vi.1955, 1 ♂, G. E. Shewell leg. (headless, genit. prep.), (all CNCI). ONTARIO: Hwy #17, ~ 8.5 km NW Marathon, 48°47.69'N 86°26.11'W, sweeps, emergent Equisetum ssuviatile with Carex sp., 16.vi.2007, 1 ♂, K. N. Barber leg. (SMOC, headless); Pancake Bay Prov. Park, 46°58.11'N 84°42.72'W, sweeping from boardwalk, mostly emergent sedges / Equisetum, 9.vii.2010, 2 ♂♂, J. Roháček leg. (SMOC, used for molecular work). YUKON: Alaska Hwy at M’Clintock River, sweep sedges at river edge, 4.vii.1997, 1 ♂, T.A. Wheeler leg. (LEMQ 0039824, headless). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: ALASKA: Kenai NWR [National Wildlife Reserve], ~ 0.5 mi E of Berg Lk., LTEMP [Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program] site 3271, wetland, sweep net sample, 20.vi.2004, 1 ♂, S. Grimes leg. (KNWR, ID:3886, BOLD ID: DKNWR 061-11, dirty); Kenai Peninsula Borough, Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program, 3364, ~ 0.4 km W of Nikolai Ck., W of Windy Lk., section 6, grassy area, sweep net sample, 22.vi.2004, 1 ♂, J. Lewis leg. (KNWR, ID:2249, crushed, dirty). CALIFORNIA: Mendocino Co., Inglenook Fen, fen area, 30–50', 22.vii.1972, 1 ♂, E. I. Schlinger leg. (EMEC, UCIS- 215635, 1 ♂ headless, genit. prep.). IDAHO: Priest Lake, 3.ix.1919, 1 ♂, [-]. viii.1919, 1 ♂; Priest Lake, Soldier Creek, 22.viii.1919, 1 ♂, all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM, all headless). MONTANA: Gallatin Co., Gallatin R., 2 mi N Gallatin Gtwy [Gateway], 4100', 23.vi.2001, 1 ♀, J. B. Runyon leg. (MTEC, tip of abdomen crushed). OREGON: Curry Co., Ophir, 42°33.34'N 124°23.48'W, sweeps, Eleocharis sp. in very wet area behind low dunes, 3.vi.2009, 1 ♂, K. N. Barber leg. (SMOC, used for molecular work). UTAH: Cache Co., Logan Canyon, Turner C.G. [campground], 23.vii.–3.viii.1985, 1 ♂, W. J. Hanson leg. (LACM, salt deposition). WASHINGTON: Everett, 19.vi.1920, 1 ♂, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM, headless); Asotin Co., Fields Spr[ing] St. Pk., 10.vi.1980, 1 ♀, G. C. Steyskal leg. (USNM, wingless); Mt. Constitution, 17.vii.1909, 1 ♀, J. M. Aldrich leg. (USNM, headless); San Juan Co., Orcas Island, Moran St. Pk., Lily Pad Lake, 6.vii.1974, 1 ♀, P. H. Arnaud Jr. leg. (CASC, headless); Palouse, 18.vi. [-], 1 ♂; South Bend, 23.v.1917, 1 ♀; Valleyford, 17.v.1924, 2 ♀♀, all A. L. Melander leg. (all USNM, all headless). WYOMING: Yellowstone Pk., Twin Lakes, 10.vii.1923, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM, headless).

Other A. pallida -group material of questionable identity (Anthomyza sp. cf. vockerothi). CANADA: ALBERTA: [Fort] McMurray, 30.vii.1953, 1 spec., G. E. Ball leg. (CNCI, abdomen and hind legs missing). BRITISH COLUMBIA: Kimpton Creek, Hwy 93, 23.vi. 1982, 1 ♀, B. V. Peterson leg.; Mission City, 29.vi.1953, 1 ♂, W. R. M. Mason leg.; Tlell, Q[ueen] C[harlotte] Islands, 26.vi.1957, 1 ♂, E. E. MacDougall leg. (all CNCI, all missing abdomen). NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: Aklavik, Lot 245, 8.vii.1931, 1 ♂, Bryant leg. (USNM, abdomen damaged). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: IDAHO: Bovill, 17.vi.1911, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM, abdomen missing). WASHINGTON: Mt. Rainier, White River, 20.vii.1924, 1 ♀, A. L. Melander leg. (USNM, abdomen missing).

Description. Male. Total body length 2.22–3.10 mm; general colour widely variable as in A. concolor but most specimens largely dark brown (Figs 340, 357) with only head (partly) and extremities yellow, rarely partly to largely yellow (cf. female on Fig. 342) with various pale brown to dark brown darkenings on head, thorax and abdomen. Head about as long as high, anteriorly somewhat angular in pronle as in A. concolor, largely yellow but frons and occiput with brown to blackish brown darkenings of various extent. Occiput slightly concave medially, in (rare) pale specimens yellow with brown crescent-shaped areas surrounding medial pair of silvery white microtomentose spots but not reaching eye margin; in (more common) dark specimens these areas darkened and enlarged even to the extent of covering most of occiput, leaving yellow only on ventralmost part behind postgena and small spots in dorsal part of medial silvery microtomentose areas. Frons relatively narrow, largely dull yellow; pale specimens with only ocellar triangle brownish; darker specimens with brown area darker and covering most of frontal triangle (except for narrow anterior corner), and orbits behind posterior ors, and ocellar triangle blackish brown; frontal triangle subshining, with sparse whitish to grey (posteriorly) microtomentum, the latter denser and darker on ocellar triangle. Orbits pale yellow with silvery whitish microtomentum, but in dark specimens orbits brownish and with greyish microtomentum posteriorly (between posterior ors and vti). Frontal triangle relatively narrow but elongate, with long acute anterior corner reaching to anterior nfth (or more) of frons. Frontal lunule small but distinct, yellow. Face as in A. concolor, light yellow to yellow and separated from parafacialia by dark yellow to orange ochreous and somewhat golden glittering marginal stripe (narrower than in A. concolor) also reaching onto ventral margin of gena; parafacialia and gena whitish yellow, with dense silvery white microtomentum; postgena yellow; mouthparts pale yellow, clypeus (small) and prementum dark yellow to ochreous. Cephalic chaetotaxy resembling that of A. concolor but pvt often longer; vte usually almost as long as vti; sometimes 1 additional microsetula in front of shorter anterior ors setula; 1–2 pairs of medial microsetulae in anterior third of frons; postocular setulae (6–7) sparse, situated mainly dorsally; 3–4 relatively long but nne peristomals. Palpus also as in A. concolor, including chaetotaxy. Eye formed as in A. concolor, with longest diameter about 1.3 times as long as shortest. Gena slightly smaller, with shortest height 0.13–0.15 times as long as shortest eye diameter. Antenna similar to that of A. concolor, entirely yellow, at most 1st nagellomere with small circular darkening surrounding base of arista. Arista about 2.0 times as long as antenna, with basal segments yellow to ochreous and distal setiform part dark brown, with cilia shorter than those on 1st nagellomere.

Thorax slightly narrower than head, variably yellow (rarely) to blackish brown (commonly), coloured as in A. concolor. Scutum colouration ranging from orange yellow with small and faint ochreous darkenings, yellow and brown spotted (both these variants rare) to blackish brown including humeral-notopleural area. Scutellum also variable, yellow, yellow-and-brown (darker medially) to blackish brown. Dorsum of thorax densely yellowish grey to grey microtomentose (tomentosity most readily seen in dark specimens, Fig. 357) and dull. Pleural part of thorax also microtomentose but more shining than scutum, rarely almost entirely orange yellow or with various brown darkenings, most often entirely blackish (Figs 340, 357) with only some sutures between sclerites ochreous. Postscutellum and postnotum ochreous orange to ochreous brown in pale specimens to blackish brown in dark ones. Thoracic chaetotaxy closely resembling that of A. concolor, differing only as follows: prs relatively well developed (up to as long as anterior npl); sa and pa subequal to prs; 5–8 dc microsetae in front of dc macrosetae, the hindmost of them markedly enlarged, sometimes only slightly shorter than anterior dc and resembling a third dc macroseta; 2 medial rows of ac microsetae long, always reaching beyond level of posterior dc, sometimes up to prescutellar position; only 3–4 upcurved setulae in dorsal half of sternopleuron and its ventral part with 4–5 longer setae. Scutellum as in A. concolor. Legs almost completely yellow, only distal half or more of last tarsal segment of all tarsi brown to dark brown, often with sides of segment darkened along entire length. f 1 with ctenidial spine about as long as maximum width of t 1; f 3 with 5–7 posteroventral setae in distal two-nfths shortened and thickened; other femoral, tibial and tarsal chaetotaxies as in A. concolor. Wing (Fig. 338) very similar to that of A. concolor, including venation. R 2+3 long, bent parallel to C but with its apex less upcurved to C; R 4+5 very slightly bent to straight, mostly parallel to M, which is similarly bent to almost straight. Discal cell (dm) with r-m usually situated slightly to distinctly in front of its middle. Other veins and alula as in A. concolor. Wing measurements: length 2.54–3.49 mm, width 0.87–1.17 mm, Cs 3: Cs 4 = 0.94–1.13, rm\dm-cu: dm-cu = 2.25–3.00. Haltere yellowish white with darker yellow stem as in A. concolor.

Abdomen less variable in colour than that of A. concolor, in pale specimens terga largely brownish (with yellow areas on some of them, most often on sides of T1, T4, T5) and sterna yellowish, in dark specimens terga entirely brown to dark brown (at most narrowly yellow at lateral margins) and sterna ochreous to brown (darker posteriorly, T4 and T5 usually darkest). T1–T5 subshining, greyish microtomentum less dense than on thorax; similarly formed and setose compared to A. concolor, but T3–T5 subequal in size. Preabdominal sterna relatively broad (all wider than long) and becoming wider posteriorly; S1 short and transverse, S2–S5 subequal in length or S5 longer, all distinctly transverse, 1.5 times (S2) to more than twice (S5) wider than long, suboblong to slightly trapezoidal but S5 (widest sternum) with shallow posteromedial emargination. S2–S5 nnely but not densely setose, only S1 bare and with darker posterior marginal stripe. T6 largely (medially) membranous and unpigmented, short, transverse, bare, with only small lateral parts (larger on left) yellow to pale-brown pigmented. S6–S8 pale brown with some (usually marginal) areas yellow to entirely blackish brown, S8 usually darkest. S6 and S7 with darker anterior marginal ledge; S6 with 2–3 setae, S7 with 3–4 setae; S8 longer than epandrium, setose in posterior two-thirds.

Genitalia. Epandrium (Figs 361, 363) also somewhat variable in colour, orange yellow with dorsal part brown darkened (in pale specimen) to completely blackish brown (Fig. 340), moderately long and broad (slightly narrower than in A. concolor) but relatively high, with less dense and longer setae than in A. concolor, 2–3 dorsolateral pairs of them longer and thicker; anal nssure narrow but rather high, distinctly triangular (Fig. 361). Cercus somewhat larger than that of A. concolor and with longer nne setae. Medandrium (Fig. 361) moderate, slightly narrower than in A. concolor, with dorsolateral corners little projecting, bare. Gonostylus (Figs 361, 363, 368) longer and narrower than in all other members of the A. pallida group, being as long as or slightly longer than epandrial height, rather regularly curved medially, tapered towards apex, the latter narrow, ending in 2 short blunt teeth (visible in posterior view, Figs 361, 363), micropubescent on most of outer side and with longer nne setae only on concave inner side. Hypandrium (Fig. 364) rather similar to that of A. concolor, with reduced anterior internal lobes. Transandrium (Fig. 365) slightly bent and slender as in A. concolor but with better developed and longer pair of medial sclerotizations transilient to spinose parts of basal membrane. Pregonite (Fig. 364) also most similar to that of A. concolor, with acute and relatively robust anterior tooth, but lacking a small protuberance behind it; posteriorly with usual small projection connected with basal membrane, ventrally usually with more (6–7, middle longest) setae. Postgonite (Fig. 364) closely resembling that of A. concolor but with narrower base and 1 seta situated in basal third of anterior margin; internal dorsal sclerite attached to base of postgonite well developed, widened ventrally. Basal membrane (Fig. 365) with a narrow (but wider than in A. concolor) area covered by short spines (biggest and pigmented laterally, pale and nat medially). Aedeagal part of folding apparatus (Fig. 367) laterally with elongate group of very dark tubercles (larger and more numerous than in both A. concolor and A. occidentalis) in addition to nne and short hyaline striae (as in these species). Connecting sclerite (Fig. 367) relatively strong, proximally slender and fused to phallophore, distally slightly widened and its terminal pale part with only small tubercles (thus resembling that of A. occidentalis). Phallapodeme (Fig. 367) relatively slender, with basal part deeply forked, fulcrum robust and arising relatively close to apex, the latter with wing-like lobes projecting laterally (Fig. 366). Aedeagus (Fig. 367) with short phallophore and large long distiphallus. Saccus elongate, somewhat widened distally, membranous, basally darker and with usual pair of internal sclerites, armed with 5 robust dark-pigmented spines, 3 situated rather basally and only 2 distally (Fig. 367). Filum most similar to that of A. concolor, long and strongly arched, with tooth-like subventral process (distinctly smaller than in A. concolor) in front of terminal slender part, and its curved, attenuated apex with 6–7 small spines and nnely bicuspid tip (Fig. 362); dorsobasal submembranous part of nlum with a row of nne spinulae (Fig. 367). Ejacapodeme small, pale, with darker, strongly curved terminal end (Fig. 367).

Female. Similar to male unless mentioned otherwise. Total body length 2.70–3.81 mm. Colour of head, thorax and abdomen similarly variable to that in male, but pale (Fig. 342) and intermediate specimens more frequent. Lightest specimens with darkenings on occiput and mesonotum paler, smaller and less distinct, and their preabdominal sclerites almost entirely yellow; darkest specimens with preabdominal sterna paler brown (Fig. 358). Clypeus and prementum brownish, particularly in dark specimens. Antenna with 1st nagellomere always with most of outer side brownish darkened and also its inner side usually narrowly infuscated along anterodorsal margin (as in A. concolor). f 1 with ctenidial spine as long as or slightly longer than maximum width of t 1; f 3 without posteroventral row of shortened and thickened setae. Cross-vein r-m often situated in front of the middle of cell dm. Wing measurements: length 2.74–3.89 mm, width 0.91–1.25 mm, Cs 3: Cs 4 = 0.92–1.11, rm\dm-cu: dm-cu = 2.46–2.82. Abdomen with T1–T5 variably coloured, from entirely yellow, through partly (medially) brown to entirely brown, T1–T2 usually darker and T5 paler, contrasting with always distinctly darker brown T6. T1–T5 somewhat shorter and distinctly more transverse than in male. T1–T2 narrower, T3–T5 wider and subequal in size. Preabdominal sterna whitish yellow to brown, all more or less transverse and becoming only slightly wider posteriorly, S2 and postabdominal S6 usually darker than others. S2 very slightly, S3 slightly, S4 and S5 more transverse, all suboblong to slightly trapezoidal. S5 largest and widest, about as wide as but longer than postabdominal S6.

Postabdomen (Figs 370, 374) very long and slender (much more than in all congeners of the A. pallida group, particularly in 7th and 8th segment), telescopic. T6 simple, large (but distinctly narrower than T5), smaller than in A. concolor and A. occidentalis, tapered posteriorly and hence trapezoidal, largely brown, with only short anterior and posterior marginal areas pale, relatively shortly setose in posterior two-thirds, marginal setae longest. S6 transversely suboblong to trapezoidal with anterior corners rounded, shorter and darker than S5, usually brown with all margins pale, and nnely setose. T7 much longer and narrower than in all relatives in the A. pallida group; also with distinctive posterolateral sclerotized lobes (probably secondary sclerotization of pleural membrane, Fig. 379) rendering T7 seemingly posteromedially deeply incised (Fig. 370; readily visible also in air-dried specimens). T7 dark brown, only posteriorly with pale-pigmented marginal band, slightly semiconical to semicylindrical, dorsomedially shortened (anteromedially deeply emarginate, Fig. 370), nnely setose in posterior half, largely without microtomentum (Fig. 379) and strikingly shining (Fig. 358), ventrally long, with anteroventrally projecting anterior corners (Fig. 374). S7 very elongate and narrow (Fig. 374), distinctly (possibly secondarily) separated from T7 by narrow, distinctively micropubecent membranous areas but 7th spiracle embedded in T7 far from this membrane (Fig. 379). S7 with distinctive pattern (Fig. 374), dark laterally, pale medially (of various extent), nnely setose. 8th segment very long and narrow, anteriorly largely membranous and nnely micropubescent. T8 (Figs 370, 371) also very narrow, brown, with a deep narrow anteromedial incision, with short sparse setae (except for posterolateral one) and lacking micropubescence; S8 (Figs 371, 374) also unusually long, although shorter than T8, medially divided into 2 elongate, posteriorly dorsally bent (posterodorsally slightly invaginated), nnely setose sclerites, with sparse micropubescence only in posterior third. Genital chamber (uterus) posteriorly with pigmented internal sclerotization (Figs 369, 371) formed by 2 pairs of sclerites, ventromedial pair larger and elongate, dorsomedial pair smaller, shorter and curved; 1 short, strongly curved (in pronle) annular sclerite situated in front of the former. Membranous part of genital chamber relatively long (Fig. 372), usually with some small tubercle-like sclerotizations on ventral side of distal part. Ventral receptacle (Fig. 372) hyaline, slender and tubular (also proximally) as in relatives, terminating in coiled vermicular apex. Accessory gland small, vesicular, hyaline, set on distally dilated and indistinctly ringed duct. Spermathecae (1+1) shortly subovoid (Figs 373, 375), with sparsely transversely striated surface, each with deep, narrow (almost as narrow as that of A. concolor) invagination which may be partially everted, several small pointed spines in basal part surrounding duct insertion; duct very long and ending simply in centre of spermathecal body. T10 small and narrow (Fig. 370), longer than wide, somewhat emarginate anteriorly, slightly wider posteriorly, brownish, usually with 3 pairs of setae (1 long) and almost without micropubescence. S10 pale ochreous, distinctly larger and wider than T10, elongately rounded-pentagonal in ventral view (Fig. 374), nnely setulose and micropubescent. Cercus long and slender (its basal part hidden below T10, Fig. 371), with numerous nne and moderately long setae (apical and dorsopreapical longest), but largely without micropubescence, which is restricted to ventral side.

Discussion. Anthomyza vockerothi sp. nov. belongs to the A. concolor subgroup, and appears to be the group’s most extensively modined member, particularly with respect to the female postabdominal sclerites, which are strikingly narrowed and prolonged from the 7th segment. Because of its similarly formed structures in the male and female terminalia, A. vockerothi is considered a member of the A. concolor subgroup, forming a sister group to the A. concolor – A. occidentalis pair (see discussion under A. concolor).

The species is the most frequently collected and widest-ranging species of the A. concolor subgroup. It is similarly variable in body colouration to both of its nearest relatives but, in contrast to these, pale specimens are relatively rare, with the darker specimens prevailing in collections. However, there is an unusual series that is highly dominated by pale specimens (British Columbia: Qualicum). Anthomyza vockerothi females can be readily recognized by their slender, elongate postabdomen, combined with one pair of medial, silvery white microtomentose spots on the occiput (these are absent in externally similar females in the A. tschirnhausi group). Males can be easily confused with those of A. concolor and A. occidentalis without examination of the male genitalia, as the form of the gonostylus is particularly diagnostic, being long and very slender, tapering towards the apex. Other diagnostic characters of A. vockerothi are: frontal triangle elongate, with long projecting and acute anterior corner; aedeagal part of folding apparatus with numerous dark tubercles; saccus with 3 (of a total 5) robust spines situated near its basal part; female T7 and S7 very slender and elongate; T7 unusually glossy because of reduced micropubescence and with large posterolateral sclerotized lobes; S7 narrowly pale-pigmented medially; female T8 elongate and with narrow deep anteromedial incision; female S8 unusually long; female cercus long and dorsally without micropubescence.

Etymology. The new species is named after the late J. R. Vockeroth, an inspiring dipterist whose legacy includes the anthomyzid chapter in the “Manual of Nearctic Diptera ” and many anthomyzid specimens in the CNCI.

Biology. The results from rearing A. vockerothi from Equisetum ssuviatile in Ontario (~8.5 km NW Marathon, Figs 359, 360) are discussed below. This host relationship is further supported by the fact that all known collections from Ontario (Dubreuilville, Marathon, Moosonee, Pancake Bay P. Pk.) and the only site in Manitoba (~ 6 km SW Shilo) included E. ssuviatile, which was usually the dominant vegetative component. Adults in western Canada were also collected from pure growths of E. ssuviatile (Alberta: ~21.9 km W Bearberry, ~3.4 km SSW Hinton, W. A. Switzer P. Pk. – Hay River Rd. W.) or “mostly” E. ssuviatile (Alberta: ~2.5 km SE Canmore, ~4.4 km NNE Kananaskis Village). Combinations of E. ssuviatile with Carex species include C. utriculata (Alberta: Fish Creek P. Pk.) and C. aquatilis (Alberta: ~4.4 km SSW Hinton; Ontario: Marathon). Other species of horsetail are also possible hosts for this species, either in combination with E. ssuviatile (British Columbia: ~2.9 km NNW Golden, E. palustre L.) or in combination with C. utriculata (British Columbia: Parson, E. palustre & E. × litorale Kühlew. ex Rupr., pro sp. (E. arvense × E. ssuviatile)), with both sites also yielding small numbers of A. concolor. Equisetum palustre is implicated by collections in Alberta (Edmonton – Fort Edmonton Pk., ~ 15 km SSW Hinton) or in combination with Eleocharis (Edmonton – Fort Edmonton Pk.). In Oregon (Samuel Boardman St. Pk.), Equisetum telmateia braunii was a very dominant component of the habitat shared with A. occidentalis (n = 2) and A. concolor (n = 1). The record of a single female from a mix of E. arvense and E. laevigatum A. Braun (British Columbia: Fernie) is doubtful evidence of a host relationship, as this very small patch bordered a much larger growth of C. utriculata that yielded more specimens of A. vockerothi along with A. mcalpinei and A. pengellyi. Another site that was dominated by C. utriculata (?) and a Poa sp. (Alberta: Spray Valley P. Pk.) did not have an obvious component of Equisetum.

A common theme in the majority of collections of A. vockerothi is a habitat of moist to wet ground or even emergent vegetation. Hosts clearly include horsetails, but graminoids, particularly sedges and rushes, are also strong candidates where they occur with or without horsetails. The dune system supporting emergent Eleocharis sp. (Oregon: Ophir, Fig. 341) is a simplined habitat shared with A. concolor, but in a drier portion of this same dune system supporting Carex sp., only a few A. vockerothi were found. A nearby habitat (Oregon: Ophir – Coy Ck. Rd.) also produced A. vockerothi (to the exclusion of both A. concolor and A. occidentalis) from an unidentined Scirpus. Two species of Scirpus separately yielded A. vockerothi (California: Prairie Ck. Redwoods St. Pk.) along with larger numbers of A. concolor. A collection of A. vockerothi was also made from Juncus (California: Crescent City – Tell Blvd.), while independent collections suggest a preference for Juncus (n = 33) over grasses (n = 2) in the absence of Carex or Equisetum (California: ~1.5 km W Orick). Complex mixes of grasses, sedges and horsetails, such as the type locality for A. pullinotum (Alberta: ~22.7 km S Bellevue, Fig. 313), cannot be specincally assessed for potential host plant based solely on neld observation or label data (this site yielded A. vockerothi, A. pullinotum, and A. pengellyi).

More general references for habitat of A. vockerothi include “vegetation along shoreline” and “ grasses at edge of agricultural neld” (Alberta: Dunvegan), “ sedges and grass at upper beach” (Alberta: 10 km N Whitecourt), “ grasses ” (British Columbia: Klondike Hwy near Fraser), “grass/ sedges along river margin” (Yukon: Alaska Highway at Yukon River crossing) and “fen area” (California: Inglenook Fen).

The sampling of E. ssuviatile at the Ontario: Marathon site was intended to investigate and connrm a relationship with A. vockerothi, similar to that seen in A. equiseti (see below under that species). Since both species of ny occur together at this site (Fig. 359, A. vockerothi), there was an opportunity to look for evidence of differential use of the habitat.

Overwintered stems of E. ssuviatile were sampled on 28 April 2012. Spring melt was still nowing through from a neighbouring lake so that exposed dry stems were raked off the surface (“dry” sample) and segregated from a larger sample of wet and submerged stems (“wet” sample). Samples were transported in 20-L plastic pails and the “wet” pails were decanted several times on the trip back to the laboratory to avoid compaction. The “wet” sample was further decanted and dried using paper towels and overnight exposure to a fan, with all samples held at 22°C and 16L:8D. Although the search was focused on the nodes, stems (hollow internodes) were often quickly checked but a larva was never found within a stem, just as was found for A. equiseti at the Echo Bay Marsh site (see discussion under that species). A subsample of 50 nodes containing larvae from each of the “dry” and “wet” samples (100 nodes total) was accumulated from 29 April to 1 May 2012 and held in 4-dram pill vials at 22°C. The remainders of the samples were maintained in 20-L pails with sheer fabric fastened over the tops with shock cords for assessment of daily adult emergence.

The 100 occupied nodes yielded 101 ny larvae. These larvae, in turn, yielded 92 puparia, which produced 54 adult nies – 53 Anthomyza spp. and one female Plunomia transversa Malloch, 1940 (Chamaemyiidae). Of these 53 Anthomyza, a total of 46 had data sufncient for estimation of pupariation periods at 22°C. The larger-bodied A. vockerothi had a pupariation period of about one day shorter (3 ♂♂ 10.7 ± 0.3; 12 ♀♀ 10.5 ± 0.2 days) than that of the smaller A. equiseti (18 ♂♂ 11.7 ± 0.1; 13 ♀♀ 11.6 ± 0.1 days) in both sexes. Thirty puparia (not identined to species) were parasitized: 13 by Figitidae (Eucoilinae), 6 by Braconidae, 6 by Encyrtidae, and 5 by unknown parasitoids (did not emerge). Another 6 ny puparia died of unknown causes, one puparium was punctured and one was lost.

The 53 adult Anthomyza reared from nodes consisted of 34 A. equiseti and 19 A. vockerothi (Table 1). Most of the A. vockerothi adults were from the “wet” sample (18 of 19) while the distribution of A. equiseti was more even. The pails yielded a total of 32 A. equiseti and 138 A. vockerothi (12 May to 10 July 2012) but it is more instructive to discuss the proportional distribution of the total emergence from the nodes and pails together. From these combined data, most of the total 223 nies were A.vockerothi (157) of which 105 were from the “wet” sample compared to 52 from the “dry” sample while the combined sex ratio favoured males (84 ♂♂: 73 ♀♀). In contrast, there was no difference between “wet” and “dry” samples for A. equiseti (n = 33) and males again outnumbered females (40: 26). However, since there was a 1.3x difference in total air-dried weight of the larger “wet” (315.4 g) versus the smaller “dry” (238.8 g) samples, part of the 2.0x difference in the porportional numbers of A. vockerothi in the “wet” and “dry” samples could be explained by a difference in the size of samples. A similar correction would tip the proportions of A. equiseti from balanced toward a bias for “dry” stems.

The difference in proportional representation of the two species between the dissected nodes and the pails is probably an artefact of subsampling which did not employ a rigourously randomized approach. It is our opinion that the total yield favouring A. vockerothi is a better renection of the overall proportional representation of each species and that the larvae all resided behind the sheath at the nodes. The segregation of the “wet” and “dry” samples was initially made as a pragmatic means of handling the neld samples, but it was also recognized that these might represent different spring habitats, and the two species might differentially infest (survive in) stems that dry out at different times in the spring. There is some initial evidence here to suggest that these two species are utilizing the stems differently.

The host association for both species of ny with E. ssuviatile is established in at least Ontario, although it is not the only potential host for at least A. vockerothi (see discussion above and under A. equiseti). It should be pointed out that among species of Equisetum, only those that have annual stems that retain their sheath teeth throughout the season and fall to the duff layer in the cold season (subgenus Equisetum including E. arvense, E. ssuviatile, E. palustre, E. pratense Ehrh., E. sylvaticum L., E. telmateia braunii, E. × litorale and other hybrids, and subgenus Hippochaete with only E. laevigatum A. Braun), are likely candidates if the larval microhabitat described here can be generalized.

There were only two other adult Anthomyza that emerged from E. ssuviatile that represent other species. A single male of A. gibbiger emerged from the “dry” sample while a single female of A. gilviventris emerged from the “wet” sample.

The flight period for A. vockerothi runs from 9 April (Oregon: McDonald Forest) to 25 September (California: Fort Cronkhite).

Distribution. Anthomyza vockerothi is commonly encountered in western North America from Alaska to Northwest Territories south to California, Utah and Colorado, with only a few records found from Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and Michigan. The recorded data represent Canada: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon; United States of America: Alaska, California, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming (see Table 2).