Osmosis generates an electrical current that is harnessed by membrane proteins

Gerald Pollack has proven that osmosis is powered by the movement of protons, along the electrical gradient that forms spontaneously at contact zones thanks to adsorbed gel-phase of water (Zhao, 2009). I derived from his work that osmosis is likely the movement of protons only, not water, and that the oxygen evolution reaction that follows from loss of protons in alkaline (water) compartment will release electrons, that will move in the same direction as the protons (down their electrical gradient. ) In the presence of oxygen, the electrons and protons will combine with the oxygen.