Published September 29, 2020
| Version v1
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Processes at the soil-root interface determine the different responses of nutrient limitation and metal toxicity in forbs and grasses to nitrogen enrichment
Creators
- 1. Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 2. Agricultural University of Hebei
- 3. University of Western Australia
Description
- Nutrient limitation and metal toxicity have been implicated in changes of grassland communities by nitrogen (N) deposition. Belowground processes, especially those at the soil-root interface, play important roles in determining variation in nutrient concentrations in plants. However, few studies have specifically focused on the roles of these processes in mineral-element acquisition in grassland plants in response to N enrichment.
- Here we investigated the contributions of belowground processes at the soil-root interface to the differential acquisition of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn) by forbs and grasses of a temperate steppe in response to N addition by combining field and glasshouse experiments.
- Nitrogen addition increased the concentrations of both leaf P ([P]) and Mn ([Mn]) and decreased leaf [Ca] of forbs, while it had little effects on leaf concentrations of these elements in grasses. Nitrogen addition led to a higher activity of acid phosphatase in the rhizosphere of forb, and greater release of protons and carboxylates from forb roots than grass roots, contributing to the differential [P], [Ca] and [Mn] in leaves of forbs and grasses. Applying oxalate to soil to simulate the release of carboxylates by N enrichment enhanced [P] and [Mn], and decreased [Ca] in the soil solution. However, addition of hydrogen-ion increased [P], [Mn] and [Ca] in the soil solution. Lime addition mitigated the N addition-induced soil acidification, while it did not abolish the stimulatory effect of short-term N addition on leaf [P] and [Mn] of forbs. Therefore, we conclude that differences in the ecophysiological processes at the soil-root interface account for changes in leaf [P], [Ca] and [Mn] under short-term N addition, and that soil acidification aggravates the responses of these elements, especially [Ca] and [Mn], to long-term N enrichment.
- Synthesis: Our results highlight the contribution of belowground processes, especially those at the soil-root interface, to variation in plant element concentrations between dominant forbs and grasses in the temperate steppe. These findings greatly enhance our mechanistic understanding of the effects of N deposition on grassland communities.
Notes
Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809
Award Number: 31870457
Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809
Award Number: 31830011
Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809
Award Number: 31570403
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