Tephritid Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Invasions in and out of Africa

This paper briefly presents the impact of tephritid fruit flies on the horticultural activities in Africa. It reviews the major pest species of exotic invasive fruit flies that have been introduced accidentally into Africa from their native ranges, as well as tephritid species of African origin that became established in other parts of the world. Both the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), belong to the first category, while the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), belong to the second one. In addition, the current technical limitations with regard to detection and monitoring programmes are shortly discussed.