Published October 1, 2020 | Version 1
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Breve historia de la acuicultura y salmonicultura en el sur de Chile (1856-2000) / Brief history of aquaculture and salmon farming in southern Chile (1856-2000)

  • 1. Universidad de Aysén

Description

Tres periodos distinguen el desarrollo y evolución de la acuicultura y salmonicultura en Chile. Entre 1856 y 1920, se inicia un período de “gestión privada” influido por los incipientes mercados internacionales y de naturistas como Federico Albert. Entre 1921 y 1970, la “gestión estatal” impulsa el poblamiento de aguas a través de las investigaciones de la División de Caza y Pesca. Se crean las carreras de Biología Marina, Oceanografía e Ingeniería en Pesca y, a su vez, el gobierno estableció los organismos dedicados a la investigación en acuicultura, como el Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, IFOP. Entre 1971 y el 2000, la “gestión industrial” genera la instalación de pisciculturas con nuevas tecnologías (formas de producción) y la emergencia de la industria salmonera transnacional modifica el panorama económico y ambiental de los territorios.

Three periods distinguish the development and evolution of aquaculture and salmon farming in Chile. Between 1856 and 1920, a period of "private management" began, influenced by incipient international markets and naturists such as Federico Albert. Between 1921 and 1970, the "state management" promoted the settlement of waters through the investigations of the Hunting and Fishing Division. Careers in Marine Biology, Oceanography and Fisheries Engineering are created, and in turn, the government established bodies dedicated to aquaculture research, such as the Institute for Fisheries Development, IFOP. Between 1971 and 2000, the "industrial management" generated the installation of fish farms with new technologies (forms of production) and the emergence of the transnational salmon industry modified the economic and environmental outlook of the territories. Based on the work of Sergio Martínez (2003), a brief history of aquaculture is presented until before the salmon farming crisis occurred in 2007 and 2016.

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Journal article: 2452-5650 (ISSN)