Synthetic XCO2, CO and NO2 observations for the CO2M and Sentinel-5 satellites

The SMARTCARB project was funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) to study the use of satellite measurements of auxiliary reactive trace gases for fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission estimation. In the project, synthetic satellite observations were generated from high-resolution CO₂, CO and NO₂ fields (1×1 km² resolution) simulated with the COSMO-GHG model. The vertically integrated model fields, the synthetic satellite observations, and the code for generating additional satellite observations (Level-2 creator) were delivered to ESA as "data1 package".

This dataset is a subset of the SMARTCARB "data1 package" that includes the vertically integrated model fields and synthetic satellite observations. The satellite observations were generated for a CO₂, CO and NO₂ imaging satellite with 2 km x 2 km resolution and a 250-km wide swath and a CO and NO₂ imaging satellite with 7 km x 7 km resolution at nadir and a 2650 km wide swath. The instrument specifications are based on the Copernicus CO₂ monitoring (CO2M) mission and the Sentinel 5 instrument, respectively.

The SMARTCARB study is described in the final report of the project:

• G. Kuhlmann, V. Clément, J. Marshall, O. Fuhrer, G. Broquet, C. Schnadt-Poberaj, A. Löscher, Y. Meijer, and D. Brunner: SMARTCARB – Use of Satellite Measurements of Auxiliary Reactive Trace Gases for Fossil Fuel CarbonDioxideEmissionEstimation,FinalreportofESAstudycontractn°4000119599/16/NL/FF/mg, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4034266, 2018.

Furthermore, the following publications have been published in peer-reviewed journals:

• Brunner, D., Kuhlmann, G., Marshall, J., Clément, V., Fuhrer, O., Broquet, G., Löscher, A., and Meijer, Y.: Accounting for the vertical distribution of emissions in atmospheric CO₂ simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4541–4559, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4541-2019, 2019.
• Kuhlmann, G., Broquet, G., Marshall, J., Clément, V., Löscher, A., Meijer, Y., and Brunner, D.: Detectability of CO₂ emission plumes of cities and power plants with the Copernicus Anthropogenic CO₂ Monitoring (CO2M) mission, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 6695–6719, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6695-2019, 2019.
• Kuhlmann, G., Brunner, D., Broquet, G., and Meijer, Y.: Quantifying CO₂ emissions of a city with the Copernicus Anthropogenic CO₂ Monitoring satellite mission, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-162, in review, 2020.