Data from: Evolution and epidemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil
Creators
- Candido, Darlan S.1
- Claro, Ingra M.2
- de Jesus, Jaqueline G.2
- Souza, William M.3
- Moreira, Filipe R. R.4
- Dellicour, Simon5
- Mellan, Thomas A.6
- du Plessis, Louis1
- Pereira, Rafael H. M.7
- Sales, Flavia C. S.2
- Manuli, Erika R.2
- Thézé, Julien8
- Almeida, Luiz9
- Menezes, Mariane T.4
- Voloch, Carolina M.4
- Fumagalli, Marcilio J.3
- Coletti, Thaís M.2
- da Silva, Camila A. M.2
- Ramundo, Mariana S.2
- Amorim, Mariene R.10
- Hoeltgebaum, Henrique H.6
- Mishra, Swapnil6
- Gill, Mandev S.11
- Carvalho, Luiz M.12
- Buss, Lewis F.2
- Prete, Carlos A.2
- Ashworth, Jordan13
- Nakaya, Helder I.2
- Peixoto, Pedro S.2
- Brady, Oliver J.14
- Nicholls, Samuel M.15
- Tanuri, Amilcar4
- Rossi, Átila D.4
- Braga, Carlos K.V.7
- Gerber, Alexandra L.9
- de C. Guimarães, Ana Paula9
- Gaburo, Nelson16
- Alencar, Cecila Salete17
- Ferreira, Alessandro C.S.18
- Lima, Cristiano X.19
- Levi, José Eduardo20
- Granato, Celso20
- Ferreira, Giulia M.21
- Francisco, Ronaldo S.9
- Granja, Fabiana10
- Garcia, Marcia T.10
- Moretti, Maria Luiza10
- Tanuri, Amilcar4
- Perroud, Mauricio W.10
- Rossi, Átila D.4
- Braga, Carlos K.V.7
- Gerber, Alexandra L.9
- Castiñeiras, Terezinha M. P. P.4
- de C. Guimarães, Ana Paula9
- Gaburo, Nelson16
- Lazari, Carolina S.17
- Alencar, Cecila Salete17
- Ferreira, Alessandro C.S.18
- Lima, Cristiano X.19
- Hill, Sarah C.1
- Levi, José Eduardo20
- de Souza Santos, Andreza Aruska22
- Granato, Celso20
- Ferreira, Giulia M.21
- Francisco, Ronaldo S.9
- Simeoni, Camila L.10
- Granja, Fabiana10
- Forato, Julia10
- Garcia, Marcia T.10
- Sposito, Andrei C.10
- Moretti, Maria Luiza10
- Perroud, Mauricio W.10
- Schreiber, Angelica Z.10
- Castiñeiras, Terezinha M. P. P.4
- Lazari, Carolina S.17
- Hill, Sarah C.1
- Santos, Magnun N. N.10
- de Souza Santos, Andreza Aruska22
- de Sá, Camila Zolini19
- Simeoni, Camila L.10
- Forato, Julia10
- Sposito, Andrei C.10
- Souza, Renan P.19
- Schreiber, Angelica Z.10
- Resende-Moreira, Luciana C.19
- Santos, Magnun N. N.10
- de Sá, Camila Zolini19
- Souza, Renan P.19
- Resende-Moreira, Luciana C.19
- Teixeira, Mauro M.19
- Hubner, Josy19
- Leme, Patricia A. F.10
- Moreira, Rennan G19
- Nogueira, Maurício L.23
- Ferguson, Neil M6
- Costa, Silvia F.2
- Proenca-Modena, José Luiz10
- Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza R.9
- Bhatt, Samir6
- Lemey, Philippe11
- Wu, Chieh-Hsi24
- Rambaut, Andrew13
- Loman, Nick J.15
- Aguiar, Renato S.19
- Pybus, Oliver G.1
- Sabino, Ester C.2
- Faria, Nuno R.25
- 1. University of Oxford
- 2. Universidade de São Paulo
- 3. Universidade de Ribeirão Preto
- 4. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
- 5. Université Libre de Bruxelles
- 6. Imperial College London
- 7. Institute for Applied Economic Research
- 8. University of Clermont Auvergne
- 9. Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica
- 10. State University of Campinas
- 11. KU Leuven
- 12. Fundação Getulio Vargas
- 13. University of Edinburgh
- 14. London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
- 15. University of Birmingham
- 16. TransFrigor do Brasil (Brazil)
- 17. Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
- 18. Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte
- 19. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- 20. Hospital São Paulo
- 21. Federal University of Uberlândia
- 22. Oxford Centre
- 23. Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
- 24. University of Southampton
- 25. University of Sao Paulo
Description
Brazil currently has one of the fastest growing SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in the world. Owing to limited available data, assessments of the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on virus spread remain challenging. Using a mobility-driven transmission model, we show that NPIs reduced the reproduction number from >3 to 1–1.6 in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Sequencing of 427 new genomes and analysis of a geographically representative genomic dataset identified >100 international virus introductions in Brazil. We estimate that most (76%) of the Brazilian strains fell in three clades that were introduced from Europe between 22 February11 March 2020. During the early epidemic phase, we found that SARS-CoV-2 spread mostly locally and within-state borders. After this period, despite sharp decreases in air travel, we estimated multiple exportations from large urban centers that coincided with a 25% increase in average travelled distances in national flights. This study sheds new light on the epidemic transmission and evolutionary trajectories of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Brazil, and provide evidence that current interventions remain insufficient to keep virus transmission under control in the country.
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Related works
- Is cited by
- 10.1126/science.abd2161 (DOI)