Cladorhizidae Dendy, 1922 Cladorhizeae Dendy 1922
Description
Family CLADORHIZIDAE Dendy, 1922 Cladorhizeae Dendy, 1922:58 Cladorhizidae de Laubenfels, 1936:122.
Diagnosis. Carnivorous sponges adapted to feeding on small, typically crustacean, prey. Adaptations to carnivory include partial or complete reduction of the aquiferous system, erect habit with radiating processes with either a basal disc or root (rhizoid) processes for anchoring in soft sediment. Axial or abaxial skeleton composed of monactinal or diactinal megascleres, from which extend extra-axial branches. Microscleres include palmate, arcuate and anchorate (an)isochelae and their derivatives, including placochelae and cercichelae; sigmas, forceps or micro(subtylo)styles (microspined, and also spear-shaped in a few cases), and trochirhabds (from Hestetun et al. 2016b).
Type species. Cladorhiza abyssicola Sars, 1872:65.
Remarks. Nine genera (Abyssocladia Lévi, 1964, Asbestopluma Topsent, 1901, Cercicladia Rios et al., 2011, Chondrocladia Thomson, 1873, Cladorhiza Sars, 1872, Euchelipluma Topsent, 1909, Koltunicladia Hestetun et al., 2016a, Lollipocladia Vacelet, 2008, Lycopodina Lundbeck, 1905) and five subgenera are currently recognised in the family (Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) Topsent, 1901, Asbestopluma (Helophloeina) Topsent, 1929, Chondrocladia (Chondrocladia) Thomson, 1873, Chondrocladia (Meliiderma) Ridley & Dendy, 1887, Chondrocladia (Symmetrocladia) Lee et al., 2012) (Van Soest et al., 2019).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Cladorhizidae
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Poecilosclerida
- Phylum
- Porifera
- Scientific name authorship
- Dendy, 1922 Cladorhizeae Dendy
- Taxon rank
- family
- Taxonomic concept label
- Cladorhizidae Dendy, 1922 sec. Ekins, Erpenbeck & Hooper, 2020
References
- Dendy, A. (1922) Report on the Sigmatotetraxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Sealark' in the Indian Ocean. In: Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. Vol. 7. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 18 (1), pp. 1 - 164, pls. 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00547. x
- Laubenfels, M. W. de (1936) A Discussion of the Sponge Fauna of the Dry Tortugas in Particular and the West Indies in General, with Material for a Revision of the Families and Orders of the Porifera. In: Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication 467. Tortugas Laboratory Paper, 30, pp. 1 - 225, pls. 1 - 22.
- Hestetun, J. T., Pomponi, S. A. & Rapp, H. T. (2016 b) The cladorhizid fauna (Porifera, Poecilosclerida) of the Caribbean and adjacent waters. Zootaxa, 4175 (6), 521 - 538. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4175.6.2
- Sars, G. O. (1872) Spongiae. In: Kongelige Norske Universitet (Ed.), On some remarkable forms of animal life from the great depths off the Norwegian coast. I. Partly from posthumous manuscripts of the late professor Dr. Michael Sars. Brogger & Christie, Christiania, pp. 1 - 82, pls. I-VI., pp. 62 - 82, pl. VI.
- Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale. Galathea Report. Scientific Results of The Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 52, 7, 63 - 112.
- Topsent, E. (1901) Spongiaires. Resultats du voyage du S. Y. ' Belgica' en 1897 - 99 sous le commandement de A. de Gerlache de Gomery. Expedition antarctique belge. Zoologie, 4, 1 - 54, pls. I-VI. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 18721
- Rios, P., Kelly, M. & Vacelet, J. (2011) Cercicladia australis, a new carnivorous sponge with novel chelae from the Tasman Basin and the Argentine Patagonian Margin (Porifera, Cladorhizidae). Zootaxa, 3131 (1), 52 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3131.1.3
- Thomson, C. W. (1873) The Depths of the Sea. Macmillan and Co., London, 527 pp.
- Topsent, E. (1909) Etude sur quelques Cladorhiza et sur Euchelipluma pristina n. g. et n. sp. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco, 151, 1 - 23, pls. I-II.
- Hestetun, J. T., Vacelet, J., Boury-Esnault, N., Borchiellini, C., Kelly, M., Rios, P., Cristobo, F. J. & Rapp, H. T. (2016 a) The systematics of carnivorous sponges. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution, 94, 327 - 345. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2015.08.022
- Vacelet, J. (2008) A new genus of carnivorous sponges (Porifera: Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the deep N-E Pacific, and remarks on the genus Neocladia. Zootaxa, 1752 (1), 57 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1752.1.3
- Lundbeck, W. (1905) Porifera. (Part II.) Desmacidonidae (pars.). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. 6 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 219, pls. I-XX.
- Topsent, E. (1929) Notes sur Helophloeina stylivarians n. g. n. sp., Mycaline a desmes des Canaries. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 533, 1 - 8.
- Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1887) Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger', 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 20 (59), i-lxviii + 1 - 275, pls. I-LI, 1 map.
- Lee, W. L., Reiswig, H. M., Austin, W. C. & Lundsten, L. (2012) An extraordinary new carnivorous sponge, Chondrocladia lyra, in the new subgenus Symmetrocladia (Demospongiae, Cladorhizidae), from off of northern California, USA. Invertebrate Biology, 131 (4), 259 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / ivb. 12001
- Van Soest, R. W. M., Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., de Voogd, N. J., Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Manconi, R., Schonberg, C., Klautau, M., Picton, B., Kelly, M., Vacelet, J., Dohrmann, M., Diaz, M. - C., Cardenas, P., Carballo, J. L., Rios, P. & Downey, R. (2019) World Porifera database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (27 September 2019)