Sphaerolaimus Bastian 1865
Description
Genus Sphaerolaimus Bastian, 1865
Diagnosis (emended from Schuurmans Stekhoven 1935, Tchesunov & Miljutin 2006): Sphaerolamidae. Cuticle finely striated or smooth under LM, lateral alae may be present. Anterior sensilla in two or three circles; inner labial sensilla usually papilliform; outer labial and cephalic setae setiform. Posterior to the cephalic setae, eight groups of subcephalic setae. Subcephalic setae absent in the first two juvenile stages while four to six are present in the third stage. Somatic setae usually present. Six movable lips. Amphids circular, in variable position in relation to the anterior end. Buccal cavity barrel–shaped; anterior portion with longitudinal ridges, posterior portion strongly sclerotized and surrounded by pharyngeal muscles. Pharynx cylindrical with cuticularized lumen. Two testes. Spicules mostly arcuate, moderately long, manubria are handle–shaped and apophyses short or absent. Tail mostly conical or conico–cylindrical with terminal setae.
Type species S. hirsutus Bastian, 1865
Other valid species
S. abeskunus Tchesunov, 1980
S. arcospiculum Allgén, 1959
S. balticus Schneider, 1906
= S. bretonicus Kreis, 1929
= S. ditlevseni Kreis, 1924
S. callisto sp. nov.
S. caspius Tchesunov, 1980
S. crenellatus Warwick, 1973
S. cuneatus Paramonov, 1929
S. ganymede sp. nov.
= S. maeoticus sensu Gerlach, 1957
= S. maeoticus sensu Timm, 1963
S. glaphyrus Vitiello, 1971 [“1970”]
S. gracilis de Man, 1876
= S. buetschlii Schulz, 1932
= S. demani Filipjev, 1922
= S. setosus Paramonov, 1927
S. haurakiensis Leduc & Zhao, 2017
S. io sp. nov.
= S. pacificus sensu Wieser, 1956
= S. pacificus sensu Timm, 1961
S. kleini Jensen, 1992
S. latilaimus Allgén, 1958
S. limosus Fadeeva, 1983
S. lutarius Gourbault & Boucher, 1981
S. macrocirculoides Wieser, 1954
S. macrocirculus Filipjev, 1918
S. maeoticus Filipjev, 1922
S. makrolasius Schultz, 1932
S. megamphis Wieser, 1956
S. micropapillatus Tchesunov & Miljutin, 2006
S. minutus Vitiello, 1971 [“1970”]
S. occidentalis Turpeenniemi, 1997
S. ostreae Filipjev, 1918
S. pacificus Allgén, 1947
S. papillatus Kreis, 1929
S. paragracilis Vitiello, 1971 [“1970”]
S. penicillus Gerlach, 1956a
S. peruanus Freudenhammer, 1975
S. profundus Vitiello, 1971 [“1970”]
S. rivalis Gagarin, 2014
S. uncinatus Freudenhammer, 1970
S. valentinae Tchesunov, 1987
Doubtful species
S. abyssorum Allgén, 1933
S. asetosus Allgén, 1952
S. brevicollis Ssaweljev, 1912
S. duplex Allgén, 1952
S. ferulaceus Gourbalt & Boucher, 1981
S. ibericus Freudenhammer, 1975
S. kornoensis Allgén, 1929
S. pacificus sensu Pastor de Ward, 1984
S. sabulosus Schultz, 1932
S. solivagus Galtsova, Platonova, Streltzova & Petukhov, 1980
S. tenius (Kreis 1924) Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1935
= Cotholaimus tenius Kreis, 1924
Invalid species
S. anterides Inglis, 1961
= Paraspaherolaimus anterides (Inglis, 1961) comb. nov.
S. campbelly Allgén, 1928
= Metasphaerolaimus campbelli (Allgén, 1928) Gourbault & Boucher, 1981
S. crassicauda Freudenhammer, 1975
= Metasphaerolaimus crassicauda (Freudenhammer, 1975) Gourbault & Boucher, 1981
S. hadalis Freudenhammer, 1975
= Metaspherolaimus hadalis (Freudenhammer, 1975) Gourbault & Boucher, 1981
S. horrendus Sergeeva, 1981
= Metasphaerolaimus horrendus (Serggeva, 1981) Jensen, 1992
S. lamasus Gerlach, 1956
= Subsphaerolaimus lamasus (Gerlach, 1956) Lorenzen, 1978
S. lodosus Gerlach, 1956
= Parasphaerolaimus lodosus (Gerlach, 1956) Zograf et al., 2017
S. paradoxus Ditlevsen, 1918
= Paraspaherolaimus paradoxus Ditlevsen, 1918
S. pentasetus Pastor de Ward, 1984
= Parasphaerolaimus pentasetus (Pastor de Ward, 1984) Cavalcanti & Venekey, 2017
S. striatus Allgén, 1935
= Paraspaherolaimus striatus (Allgén, 1935) Zograf et al., 2017
Notes
Files
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Sphaerolaimidae
- Genus
- Sphaerolaimus
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Monhysterida
- Phylum
- Nematoda
- Scientific name authorship
- Bastian
- Taxon rank
- genus
- Taxonomic concept label
- Sphaerolaimus Bastian, 1865 sec. Zograf, Pavlyuk, Trebukhova & Tu, 2020
References
- Bastian, H. C. (1865) Monograph of the Anguillulidae, or Free Nematoids, Marine, Land, and Freshwater; with Descriptions of 100 New Species. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 25, 73 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 00179. x
- Stekhoven, J. H. S. (1935) Additional notes to my monographs on the Free-living marine nemas of the Belgian coast I. and II. Bulletin du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique, 72, 1 - 36.
- Tchesunov, A. V. & Miljutin, D. M. (2006) Three new Free-living nematode species (Monhysterida) from the Arctic abyss, with revision of the genus Eleutherolaimus Filipjev, 1922 (Linhomoeidae). Russian Journal of Nematology, 14, 57 - 75.
- Tchesunov, A. V. (1980) New Data on Free-living Nematodes of the Superfamily Monhysteroidea of the Caspian Sea (Novye Dannye o Svobodnozhivushchikh Nematodakh Nadsemeistva Monhysteroidea Kaspiiskogo Moria). Zoologischeskii Zhurnal, 59, 973 - 985.
- Allgen, C. A. (1959) Freeliving marine nematodes. Further zoological results of the Swedish Antarctic expedition, 1901 - 1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjold. V (2). P. A. Norstedt & Soner, Stockholm, 293 pp.
- Schneider, G. (1906) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der im Uferschlamm des Finnischen Meerbusens freilebenden Nematoden. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 27, 1 - 40.
- Kreis, H. A. (1929) Freilebende marine Nemaden von der Nordwest-Kuste Frankreichs (Trebeurden Cotes du Nord). Capita Zoologica, II (7), 1 - 98.
- Kreis, H. A. (1924) Zur Kenntnis der freilebenden marinen Nematoden. Schriften fur Susswasser und Meereskunde, Busum, 2, 157 - 170.
- Warwick, R. M. (1973) Freeliving marine nematodes from the Indian Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 25, 85 - 117.
- Paramonov, A. A. (1929) Die freilebenden Nematoden der Kinburnsense und der angrenzenden Gewasser; Free-living Nematodes of Kinburnskaya Kosa and Adjoining Waters) (Svobodnye Nematody Kinburnskoi Kosy i Sopredel'nykh Vod). Trudy Gosudarstvennoi Ikhtiologicheskoi Opytnoi Stantsii (Transactions of the State Ichthyological Experiment Station; Arbeiten der Staatlichen Ichthyologischen Versuchs-Station), 4, 59 - 129.
- Gerlach, S. A. (1957) Marine Nematoden aus dem Mangrove-Gebiet von Cananeia (Brasilianishe Meeres-Nematoden III). Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse. Akademie der Wissenchaften und der Literatur, 5, 129 - 176.
- Timm, R. W. (1963) Marine nematodes of the suborder Monhysterina from the Aradian Sea at Karachi. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 30, 34 - 49.
- Vitiello, P. (1971 [" 1970 "]) Nematodes libres marins des vases profondes du Golfe du Lion. III. Monhysterida, Araeolaimida, Desmodorida. Tethys, 2, 647 - 690.
- de Man, J. G. (1876) Onderzoekingen over vrij in de aarde levende Nematoden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, 2, 78 - 196.
- Schulz, E. (1932) Beitrage zur Kenntnis mariner Nematoden aus der Kieler Bucht. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 62, 331 - 430.
- Filipjev, I. N. (1922) Sur les Nematodes libres de la Mer d'Azov [On Free Nematodes of the Sea of Azov; O svobodnykh nematodakh Azovskogo Moria]. Trudy Stavropol'skogo Sel' skokhozyaistvennogo Instituta, 1, Zoologia, 17, 185 - 208.
- Paramonov, A. A. (1927) Free-living nematodes from salted lakes of Kinburnskaya Kosa. (Svobodnie nematodi solenovodnikh ozer Kinburnskoi kosi). Trudy 2 siezda zoologov, anatomov I gistologov SSSR (Transactions of the second meeting of zoologists, anatomists and histologists of USSR, Glavnauka, 1927, pp. 48 - 50.
- Leduc, D. & Zhao, Z. Q. (2017) Molecular and morphological characterisation of Sphaerolaimus haurakiensis n. sp. (Nematoda, Sphaerolaimidae) from the New Zealand continental shelf. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 51, 557 - 590. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2017.1298633
- Wieser, W. (1956) Free-living marine nematodes III. Axonolaimoidea and Mohysteroidea. Acta Universitatis Lundensis, 2 (52), 1 - 115.
- Timm, R. W. (1961) The marine nematodes of the Bay of Bengal. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, 1, 25 - 88.
- Jensen, P. (1992) Predatory nematodes from the deep-sea: description of species from the Norwegian Sea, diversity of feeding types and geographical distribution. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 33, 1 - 23.
- Allgen, C. A. (1958) Uber zwei weitere Falle von Bisexualitat bei schwedischen freilebenden marinen Nematoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 161, 317 - 319.
- Fadeeva, N. P. (1983) Study of nematodes of the family Sphaerolaimidae Filip'ev, 1918 Nematoda, Monhysterida from the Sea of Japan. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 62, 1321 - 1333.
- Wieser, W. (1954) Untersuchungen uber die algenbewohnende Mikrofauna mariner Hartboden III. Zur Systematik der freileben- den Nematoden des Mittelmeeres. Mit einer okologischen Untersuchung uber die Beziehung zwischen Nematodenbesiedlung und Sedimentreichtum des Habitats. Hydrobiologia, 6, 144 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00039417
- Filipjev, I. N. (1918) Free-living marine nematodes of the Sevastopol area. Transactions of the Zoological Laboratory and the Sevastopol Biological Station of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Series II, No 4 (Issue I & II), 1 - 255. [translated from Russian]
- Turpeenniemi, T. A. (1997) Description of Eumonhystera borealis n. sp. and Sphaerolaimus occidentalis n. sp., and a redescription of S. gracilis de Man 1876 (Nemata) from Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea. Journal of Nematology, 29, 65 - 81.
- Allgen, C. A. (1947) West American Marine Nematodes (Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. LXXV). Videnskabelige Meddelelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 110, 65 - 219.
- Freudenhammer, I. (1975) Neue Sphaerolaimiden (Nematoda, Monhysterida) aus der Tiefsee. Meteor. Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe D, Biologie, 21, 11 - 18.
- Gagarin, V. G. (2014) Two new species of Free-living nematodes (Nematoda, Sphaerolaimidae) from mangroves of the Red River Delta, Vietnam. Amurean zoological journal, 4, 3 - 11.
- Freudenhammer, I. (1970) Sphaerolaimus uncinatus nov. spec. (Nematoda, Monhysterida) aus der Tiefsee. Veroeffentlichungen des Instituts fuer Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 12, 455 - 461.
- Tchesunov, A. V. (1987) Free-living nematodes from the genus Sphaerolaimus Bastian, 1865 (Chromadoria, Monhysterida, Sphaerolaimidae) from the shallows of the White Sea. Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly, Biologicheskie Nauki, 5, 35 - 42.
- Pastor de Ward, C. T. (1984) Nematodes marinos de la Ria Deseado (Monhysteroidea: Sphaerolaimidae, Monhysteridae), Santa Cruz, Argentina. 3. Centro Nacional Patagonico Contribucion, 85, 1 - 15.
- Inglis, W. G. (1961) Free-living nematodes from South Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 7, 291 - 319.
- Sergeeva, N. G. (1981) A new species of Free-living nematodes from the Black Sea (Sphaerolaimidae, Monhysterida). Zoologicheskii zhurnal, 60, 1577 - 1579.
- Lorenzen, S. (1978) The system of Monhysteroidea (Nematoda) - A new approach. Zoologische Jahrbucher (Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Fiere), 105, 515 - 536.
- Zograf, J. K., Pavlyuk, O. N., Trebukhova, Y. A. & Tu, N. D. (2017) Revision of the genus Parasphaerolaimus (Nemtoda: Sphaerolaimidae) with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4232 (1), 58 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4232.1.4
- Cavalcanti, M. F. & Venekey, V. (2017) Parasphaerolaimus magdolnae sp. n. (Nematoda, Sphaerolaimidae) with intra-uterine development of its offspring from a Brazilian estuarine system. Zootaxa, 4358 (2), 339 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4358.2.7
- Allgen, C. A. (1935) Die freilebenden Nematoden des Oresunds. Capita Zoologica, 6, 1 - 192.